动名词做主语和宾语

LOGOGrammarGerund动名词LOGOASONGLOVE---ByJohnLennonLoveisreal;realislove.Loveis________;________love.Loveis________tobeloved.Loveistouch;touchislove.Loveis________;________love.Loveis________tobeloved.Loveisyou,youandme.Loveis________wecanbe.Loveisfree;freeislove.Loveis________;________love.Loveis________tobeloved.feelingfeelingwantingreachingreachingaskingknowingleavingleavingneedingV-ing形式的构成方式：1.在一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加词尾–ing。eg.go–going;do–doing;ask–asking;read---readingstudy–studying;carry–carrying;fly–flying;worry–worrying;2.在以不发音的e结尾的动词后，去掉e，再加-ing。eg.come–cominglive–livingdance–dancingmake–making3.在闭音节的单音节动词后、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词，而末尾只有一个辅音字母时，将这个辅音字母双写（x除外），然后再加–ing.sit–sitting;run–running;begin–beginning;forget–forgetting4.在少数几个以–ie结尾的动词后：须将–ie变作y，再加-ing。(这些动词词典一般均注明)eg.die–dying;tie–tyinglie–lying1.ishishobby.(唱歌)Singing一、–ing作主语2.isthebestwaytoloseweight.(做运动)Doingexercise3.isawasteoftime.(玩电脑游戏)Playingcomputergames4.isdangerous.(开车开得太快)DrivingtoofastCommon?Singingismyhobby.Doingexerciseisagoodwaytoloseweight.Playingcomputergamesisawasteoftime.Drivingtoofastisdangerous.1.作主语。2.谓语动词用。动词-ing单数动词-ing形式作主语1.动词-ing形式作主语表示经常的、习惯性的动作,谓语动词用_______：对他说话等于对牛弹琴。(talk)谚语空谈无济于事。(talk)istalkingtoawall.Talkingmendsnoholes.Talkingtohim单数①itis/was+nouse/good+doingsth做……是没用处的Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做……是值得的•Itisworth/worthwhile•(这部是电影值得看的)seeingthemovie②•Itisworth/worthwhileseeingthemovie.(这部是电影不值得看的)hardly/notIt+is/was+awasteoftimedoing做……是浪费时间的Itisawasteoftime.(玩电脑游戏)playingcomputergames③Thereisnodoing...无法……whatwillhappenbetweenthem.(无法知道)Thereisnoknowing④归纳:常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：•It+be+awasteoftimedoing做……是浪费时间的•Itis/wasnogood/use/fundoing做……是没用处的•Itis/wasuseless/usefuldoing做……是无用的、有用的•Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做……是值得的V-ing/todo做主语__________(play)withfireisdangerous.Becareful!_______(play)withfirewillbedangerous.PlayingToplay_____________(swim)isgoodforourhealth.______________(swim)inthisriverisnotallowed.SwimmingToswim表示一般或抽象的多次行为具体的或一次性的动作典型题列•1.__________cleanisasafeguardagainstdisease.•A.TobekeepingB.Kept•C.KeepD.Keeping•2．-What'smadeRuthsoupset?-_____threeticketstothefolkmusicconcert.•A.LostB.Losing•C.BecauseoflosingD.SinceshelostDBlookingforIcan’tavoid_______Haveyouconsidered_____onespecialfriend?1)我不能不去。2)你是否考虑过找一位挚友?(一).（1）只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannothelp，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannotstand等。如：(一)有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语；(二)有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定式作宾语。（有区别）(三)有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定式作宾语.（没大区别）going．动名词作宾语有三种情况。动名词做宾语口诀避免错过(少)延期avoidmissdelay/postpone•建议完成(多)练习suggest/advisefinishpractise•喜欢想象禁不住enjoy/appreciateimagineresist/can’thelp•承认否定(与)嫉妒admitdenyenvy•逃脱冒险(莫)原谅escaperiskpardon/excuse•忍受保持(不)在意standkeep/keeponmind只接doing作宾语的动词短语insiston;objectto;leadto;feellike;lookforwardto;devoteoneselfto;beworth;setabout;getdownto;payattentionto;getused/accustomedto;applyoneselfto;succeedin;beaddictedto;havedifficulty/trouble/problems/ahardtime(in)doingsthhavefun/agoodtime(in)doingsth坚持要求/认为做某事反对做某事导致喜欢；想要期望，盼望献身于，致力于值得做开始着手做某事注意习惯做某事专心致志做某事成功做成某事对............上瘾在做某事方面有困难；在做某事方面很开心forgetdoingsth.forgettodosth.rememberdoingsth.remembertodosth.regretdoingsth.regrettosay/tellsb/informsb忘记做过某事忘记要去做某事记得做了某事记得要去做某事后悔做了某事遗憾地说/告诉某人/通知某人goondoing继续做原来做的事goontodo接着做另一件事meandoing意味着要做某事meantodo想要做某事stopdoing停止做某事stoptodo停下来（别的事）开始做某事trydoing试着做某事trytodo努力做某事beusedtodoing习惯于做某事beusedtodo被用来做某事can'thelpdoing禁不住做某事can'thelptodo不能帮助做某事动词forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop,try,beusedto,can‘thelpforget,regret,remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定式作宾语。（有区别）Iforgot_______toher.(我忘了曾经给她写过信）Iforgot__________heraboutit.我忘了要告诉。。。）Iremember________yousomewhereinbiejing.（see）Remember_______metonight.(call)Heregretted__________intheexam.(cheat)Iregret_______thatwecan’tstayhereanylonger(say)writingtotellseeingtocallcheatingtosay1.Hestopped________andhavearest.(smoke)2.Hereallymuststop_______3.Ioncetried___________French(learn)4.Let’stry_________atthebackdoor.(knock)5.Ididn’ttomean________yourfeeling.(hurt)6.Thiswordmeans________outatonce.(set)7.Ican’thelp_____theroom.forIamtoobusy(clean)8.Afterhearingthejoke,wecan’thelp_________(laugh)9.Waterisuesedto_______flowers(water)10.Iamusedto_____________early..(get)11.Thoughitrained,theywenton_________.(work)12.WehavefinishedPart1.Let’sgoon_________P2(Learn)tosmokesmokingtolearnknockingtohurtsettingcleanlaughingwaterGettingupworkingtolearn有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定式作宾语.（没大区别）1.一些表示喜好或开始动作的动词like,love,hate,prefer,intend,begin,startcontinue等，用不定式做宾语和v+ing形式做宾语，意义相差不大1.Istarted________(work)heretwoyearsago.2.Iintended_____apoeminEnglish.(write)3.Theyprefer____(spend)theirsummervacationinthecountry.2.need/want/require/deservedoingsth.=need/want/require/deservetobedone.4.Weneed________friends(make)5.Myhairneeds_______(cut)6.Myhairneeds_________.tomakecutting.tobecut•既接动名词做宾语，又接不定式复合结构作宾语的•advise/allow/forbid/permitdoingsb.todo我建议提早出发以免堵车。Iadvisesettingout/offinadvance/aheadoftimeinordertoavoidbeingcaughtinthetraffic.我建议你尽快做出决定。Iadviseyoutomakeadecisionassoonaspos