-2017年中考英语语法精讲精练-宾语从句精选教学PPT

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第十三节宾语从句第一部分语法精讲精练目录contents考点突破考点一考点二考点三考点四课堂小测中考模拟演练考点一考点二考点三考点四中考导航目录contents考点广东省卷近五年中考统计高频考点20122013201420152016宾语从句√√√√√★★★目录contents考情分析:从近五年考查情况来看,宾语从句是每年必考的,每年均考查1题。2017年备考时要重点掌握宾语从句的引导词、语序和时态。考点突破目录contents宾语从句属于名词性从句,在句子中起名词的作用,相当于一个名词词组,在全句中充当主句的宾语。其主句和从句的时态搭配要求严格,在中考题中较常见。主要考查其语序和时态。宾语从句Listenattentively1.宾语从句的用法(1)作动词的宾语。如:Iknow(that)hehasreturned.我知道他已经回来了。(2)作形容词或过去分词的宾语某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,这类形容词或过去分词有sure,glad,certain,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied,disappointed等,连词that可省略。I’mafraid(that)youdon’tunderstandwhatIsaid.恐怕你没理解我的意思。宾语从句ListenattentivelyI’msurprised(that)youdidn’thearaboutitbefore.真奇怪你之前没听说过这件事。(3)作介词的宾语。如:Hewasdeeplydispleasedbywhathadoccurredthatday.那天所发生的事情令他非常不高兴。2.宾语从句的引导词(1)陈述句的引导词用thatthat在从句中无词汇意义,不充当句子成分,在口语中常可省略。但that引导的宾语从句作except,in,but,besides等少数介词的宾语时that不能省略。如:宾语从句ListenattentivelyIknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.除了知道他来自南方以外,我对他一无所知。(2)一般疑问句的引导词用if/whetherif/whether在句中有词义,“是否”,但不充当成分。一般情况下两者可以互换,不同的是whether后可接ornot,而if一般不与ornot连用。如:宾语从句ListenattentivelyIdon’tknowif/whetheryoucanhelpme.我不知道你是否能够帮我。Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcome.(不说:Idon’tknowifornottheywillcome.)我不知道他们来不来。(3)特殊疑问句的引导词用特殊疑问词①连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever在句中有词义,并且充当从句中的主语、宾语、表语、定语。如:宾语从句ListenattentivelyIwonderwhathe’swritingtome.(宾语)我想知道他正在写什么给我。Hecan’tdecidewhichsweaterheshouldbuy.(定语)他不确定他该买哪件毛衣。②连接副词where,when,how,why在句中有词义,并且充当从句中的状语。如:I’lltellyouwhyIaskedyoutocome.(原因状语)我会告诉你我为什么要你来。宾语从句ListenattentivelyCouldyoutellmewhereTomhasgone?(地点状语)你能告诉我汤姆去哪里了吗?Iwanttoknowwhenyoucanfinishthework.(时间状语)我想知道你什么时候能够完成这项工作。3.宾语从句的语序(1)宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序,即:连接词+主语+谓语+其他。如:宾语从句ListenattentivelyLucywantedtoknowifIcouldmakeacakeforyou.露丝想知道我是否会为你做个蛋糕。(2)引导词在从句中作主语时,语序不变[引导词(充当主语)+谓语+其他]。如:Jackaskedmewhowouldgiveusthelecturethisafternoon.杰克问我谁今天下午会给我们做报告。(who是引导词,在宾语从句中作动词wouldgive的主语,本身已是陈述句语序,不需再变。)宾语从句Listenattentively(3)What’swrongwith...在宾语从句中不变语序。如:Iwanttoknowwhat’swrongwithyou.我想知道你怎么了。4.宾语从句的时态宾语从句谓语动词的时态常受主句谓语动词时态的制约。因此,在运用时要注意主从句的时态相呼应。宾语从句Listenattentively(1)当主句是现在的某种时态,从句可根据实际情况而定。(2)当主句是过去的某种时态,从句通常使用过去的某种时态。(3)从句表示客观真理或事实时,主句即使用过去时,从句仍然用一般现在时。详见下表:宾语从句Listenattentively主句的时态从句的时态条件例句现在的某种时态可用所需的任何时态“Johnspeakshighlyofyou.”Tomtellsme.→TomtellsmethatJohnspeakshighlyofme.汤姆告诉我约翰高度评价我。(主句用tells,是一般现在时,从句原时态是speaks,在这里还是用speaks)一般过去时一般过去时、过去进行时主从句的动作同时发生“Whenshallwehavethemeeting?”Theboyasked.→Theboyaskedwhentheyshouldhavethemeeting.男孩问他们应该什么时候开会。(主句用asked,是一般过去时,从句用相应的某种过去时,这里shall→should)过去将来时从句动作发生在主句动作之后过去完成时从句动作发生在主句动作之前一般过去时虽然从句的动作发生在主句动作之前,但含有某一具体时间状语一般现在时不受时间限制的客观事实、真理等Theteachersaidthatthemoongoesaroundtheearth.老师说月球绕着地球转。()1.(2016广东)—Iwonder______.—ItwillfallonaSaturday.A.howwillNationalDayfallonthisyearB.howNationalDaywillfallonthisyearC.whatdaywillNationalDayfallonthisyearD.whatdayNationalDaywillfallonthisyear()10.—Couldyoupleasetellme______?—Sorry,I’mnewhere.A.whycanIbuysomejuiceB.whendoesthesupermarketcloseC.howtogettothelibraryD.whattimedoesthemoviebeginD母题训练中考预测C宾语从句Listenattentively()2.(2015广东)—Davidasked______inChina.—Ofcoursenot.Chineseusuallyshakehandswithaladyasagreeting.A.whyhecangreetaladybykissingherB.whyhecouldgreetaladybykissingherC.whetherhecangreetaladybykissingherD.whetherhecouldgreetaladybykissingher()11.—Excuseme,canyoutellme______?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.Youcangototheinformationdesk.A.thatthereisatrainB.whenthetrainleavesC.whichtraincanItakeD.wheredoesthetraingoD母题训练中考预测B宾语从句Listenattentively()3.(2014广东)—Doyouknow______?—8,844.43meters.It’sapopularplacewithmountainclimbers.A.howhighisQomolangmaB.howlongisQomolangmaC.howhighQomolangmaisD.howlongQomolangmais()12.—Jack,couldyoutellme______fortravellingthissummer?—WeplantogoandseethebeautifulseainHainan.A.whereyourfamilywillgoB.howwillyourfamilygoC.howyourfamilywillgoD.wherewillyourfamilygoC母题训练中考预测A宾语从句Listenattentively()4.(2013广东)—Haveyouaskedthepoliceman______?—Yes.HetoldustoturnleftontoMainStreet.It’sontheright.A.ifthereisabanknearhereB.howcanwegettothenearestbankC.wherecanwefindabankD.whenwecangotothenearestbank()13.—Canyoutellme______?—Ithinkit’shis.A.wherehelivesB.wheredoesheliveC.whosedictionaryitisD.howoldheisA母题训练中考预测C宾语从句Listenattentively()5.(2012广东)—Couldyoutellme______?—Certainly.Inhalfanhour.A.whenwillthehighspeedtrainarriveB.whenthehighspeedtrainwillarriveC.whenwouldthehighspeedtrainarriveD.whenthehighspeedtrainwouldarrive()14.—WangFeiwillcometoGuangzhouforaconcert.Doyouknow______?—I’venoidea.A.whenwillshecomeB.whenshecomesC.whenshewillcomeD.whendoesshecomeB母题训练中考预测C考点宾语从句Listenattentively()6.(2011广东)Theteacheraskedus______.A.whendidIfinishmyworkB.whydidn’twetellhimaboutitearlierC.whatwewereinterestedinD.wherewearegoingtohaveourlunch()15.Letmetellyou______.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforPairsC母题训练中考预测D考点宾语从句Listenattentively()7.(2010广东)Thepolicemanaskedtheboy______.A.whereishismotherB.wherehismotherisC.wherewashismotherD.wherehismotherwas()16.Mr.WangislookingforPeter.Doyouknow______?A.whereisheB.whereheisC.whatisheD.whatheisD母题训练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