专四语法专题.

TEM-4语法复习专题TEM-4考试大纲英语语法点概述常考语法点分析读题-审题-解题III、语言知识（PartIII：LanguageKnowledge）1、测试要求（a）掌握并能正确运用基本语法和句法。（b）掌握认知词汇（5500-6000），并且能正确，熟练地运用其中的3000-4000个单词及其最基本的搭配。（c）考试时间10分钟2、测试形式：本部分采用多项选择题。共20道题，每题有四个选择项。题目中约50%为词汇，词组和短语用法题，其余为语法和句法题。3、测试目的：测试学生掌握词汇，短语，及基本语法，句法概念的熟练程度。英语专业四级（TEM-4）考试大纲常考语法点分析-词法名词（复合名词复数与双重属格）代词（数、性、人称）限定词（排位、与三类名词搭配）副词（语法功能、评注性状语）动词（动静态、情态动词）非谓语动词（独立主格、逻辑主语、主动表被动）一、名词复合名词的复数1.Therehasbeenanincreasingnumberof_________inprimaryschoolsinthepastfewyears.(2016-16)A.manteacherB.menteacherC.manteachersD.menteachers复合名词的复数形式：1）中间没有连字符的复合名词变复数，通常最后一个词变复数：handbooks，bookstores；由man和woman构成的复合名词变复数，两个词均要变为复数：menservants，womenwriters等2）连字符连接的复合名词，一般把中心或主要名词变复数，editors-in-chief，sons-in-law，movie-lovers；没有主要名词时，最后一个词变复数：film-goers（爱看电影的人）3）部分词两者均可：consulsgeneral，consulgenerals（总领事）复合名词的复数，双重属格P572.Ican'tputupwith________.（2016-15）A.thatfriendofyouB.thatfriendofyoursC.thefriendofyouD.thefriendofyours名词双重属格名词双重属格：（P57）即带有独立属格的of词组：afriendofthedoctor's.独立属格即省略名词属格中心词的属格结构：hermemoryislikeanelephant’s，类似于名词性物主代词用法：yours，hers表部分：afriendofmyfather's=oneofmyfather'sfriends；afriendofadoctor’s（#）（介词of宾语必须特指）acoverofthebook's（#）（介词of宾语一般指人）thedaughterofMrGreen’s（#）（双重属格修饰的名词可带a，any，some等非确定特指的限定词，通常不带定冠词the）表感情色彩，与this和that等指示限定词连用：thisbrilliantideaofhis；thatclevercommentofyourfather's---Whotoldyouthat?---Afriendofyourfather's.---Ifhesayssuchthings,heisnotafriendofmyfather.二、代词代词及其先行项的数、性、人称的一致（P86-93,P316）1.Nobodyheardhimsing,_____?（2016-14,P316）A.didoneB.didheC.didn'ttheyD.didthey2.Whenonehasgoodhealth，_____shouldfeelfortunate.(2010-16;2015-19)A.youB.theyC.heD.we语法一致原则和意义一致原则先行项为everyone,everybody,noone,nobody,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody等复合词时，通常按照用语法一致，采用单数形式。Everybodytalkedatthetopofhisvoice•非正式语体，也可根据意义一致原则采用复数代词；•尤其为everyone，everybody时，采用复数代词比较自然。Everyonewasclappingtheirhands三、限定词限定词与三类名的词搭配，及限定词排位（P60-65）1.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECT?(2008-15)A.AllhislectureswereboringB.halfhismoneywasgoneC.herfewfriendsareallfondofdancingD.heinvitedmanyhisfriendstotheparty2.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisINCORRECT?(2010-18)A.allhislecturesareveryinterestingB.halftheirsavingweregoneC.manyhisfriendscametothepartyD.bothhissistersarenurses考点一：限定词与三类名词的搭配关系考点二：限定词排位（前中后位限定词）3.Theadditionalworkwilltake______weeks.(2011-19)A.theotherB.anothertwoC.othertwoD.themore4.Whichofthefollowingdeterminerscanbeplacedbeforebothsingularcountnounsandpluralcountnouns?(2012-12)A.manyaB.fewC.suchD.thenext5.ThefollowingdeterminerscanbeusedwithbothpluralanduncountablenounsEXCEPT_____(2013-13)A.manyB.enoughC.moreD.such6.Sheisabetterspeakerthan____intheclass.(2016-13)A.anyboyB.theotherboysC.otheranygirlD.allthegirls评注性状语、常见副词用法辨析、比较结构；(P273-274;P286;P292;P422)四、副词1.WhichofthefollowingadverbscanNOTbeusedtocomplete“____everybodycame”?(2009-19)A.nearlyB.quiteC.practicallyD.almost2.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsmodofiesanadverb?(2014-18)A.DoitrightnowB.ThatwasaveryfunnyfilmC.IratherlikemyteacherD.Wewalkedabout6miles3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanNOTbeusedtocomplete“We'veseenthefilm_____”?(2010-19)A.beforeB.recentlyC.latelyD.yet4.Whatdoes“Hewiselyrefusedtospendhismoney.”?(2008-17)A.Itwaswiseofhimtorefusetospendhismoney.B.Herefusedtospendhismoneyinawisemanner.C.Hewasshortofmoneyanddidn'twanttobuyanything.D.Herefused,inawisemanner,tospendhismoney.5.Itisnotsomuchthelanguage_____theculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.(2011-17;)A.asB.norC.butD.like6.Itisnotsomuchthelanguage_____theculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.(2015-13;)A.butB.norC.likeD.as7.Itisnot____muchthelanguageastheculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.(2007-15;)A.thatB.asC.soD.very8.Thereareasgoodfishinthesea_____evercameoutofit.(2007-11)A.thanB.likeC.asD.so9.Overpopulationposesaterriblethreattothehumanrace.Yetitisprobably____athreattothehumanracethanenvironmentaldestruction.(2007-18)A.nomoreB.notmoreC.evenmoreD.muchmore10.Thecouplehadnosoonergottothestation_____thecoachleft.A.whenB.asC.untilD.than基本比较结构的其他模式：as+much/many+n+as分句Hetookasmuchasbutterasheneeded.as+形容词原级+名词词组+as分句Idon'twantasexpensiveacarasthis=Idon'twantacar(whichis)asexpensiveasthisnotsomuch...as...与其说......不如说......Itwasn'tsomuchhisappearanceIlikedashispersonalitynotmore/-erthan...与nomore/-erthanHeisnotbetterthanPeter.他不比皮特好（普通比较结构的否定）HeisnobetterthanPeter.他和皮特一样坏（可以理解为该形容词的反义词=asbadas）notlessthan.../nolessthan...Theaudiencewasnotlessthan5thousand.观众不少于五千人Theaudiencewasnolessthan5thousand.观众有五千人之多more/less/fewer+名词+than-分句Shehaswrittenmoreessaysthanhe.她比他写了更多文章Shehaswrittennotmoreessaysthanhe.她写的文章不如他多。Shehaswrittennomoreessaysthanhe.她和他写的文章一样少。Youaremorecarefulthanheis.Youarenotmorecarefulthanheis.Youarenomorecarefulthanheis.Youarelesscarefulthanheis.Youarenotlesscarefulthanheis.Youarenolesscarefulthanheis.你比他仔细。你不如他仔细。你和他一样不仔细。你不如他仔细（你比他粗心）。你比他仔细（你不如他粗心）。你和他一样仔细。more/less+形容词+than-分句五、动词动静态动词，情态动词P111;P191-203；P2071.“You___borrowmynotesprovidedyoutakecareofthem,”Itoldmyfriend.(2007-12)A.couldB.shouldC.mustD.can2.Aren'tyoutired?I____youhaddoneen