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常用生化名词缩写缩写英文名称中文名称Aadenosine腺嘌呤核苷（腺苷）AAaminoacid氨基酸ACadenylateccyclase腺苷酸环化酶ACPacylcarrierprotein酰基载体蛋白ADPadenosinediphosphate腺嘌呤核苷二磷酸（二磷酸腺苷）Alaalanine丙氨酸（α-氨基丙酸）AMPadenosinemonophosphate腺嘌呤核苷一磷酸（一磷酸腺苷）APOApolipoprotein载脂蛋白Arg（或R）arginine精氨酸（δ-胍基α–氨基戊酸）Asn(或N)asparagine天冬酰胺Asp（或D）asparticacid天冬氨酸（α-氨基丁二酸）ATPadenosinetriphosphate腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸（三磷酸腺苷）BBCCPbiotincarboxyl-carrierprotein生物素羧基载体蛋白Ccytidine胞嘧啶核苷（胞苷）cAMPcyclicadenosinemonophosphate环腺苷酸（环腺一磷）CDPcytidinediphosphate胞嘧啶核苷二磷酸（二磷酸胞苷）CMchylomicron乳糜颗粒CMPcytidinemonophosphate胞嘧啶核苷一磷酸（一磷酸胞苷）CoⅠcoenzymeⅠ辅酶ⅠCoⅡcoenzymeⅡ辅酶ⅡCoA;CoASHcoenzymeA辅酶ACoQcoenzymeQ辅酶QCTPcytidinetriphosphate胞嘧啶核苷三磷酸（三磷酸胞苷）Cyscystine胱氨酸CysH(或C)cysteine半胱氨酸D（或Asp）asparticacid天冬氨酸dAMPdeoxyadenosinemonophosphate腺嘌呤脱氧核糖核苷一磷酸（脱氧腺苷酸）dADPdeoxyadenosinediphosphate腺嘌呤脱氧核糖核苷二磷酸dATPdeoxyadenosinetriphosphate腺嘌呤脱氧核糖核苷三磷酸dCMPdeoxycytidinemonophosphate胞嘧啶脱氧核糖核苷一磷酸（脱氧胞苷酸）DDDPDNAdependentDNApolymerase依赖于DNA的DNA聚合酶DDRPDNAdependentRNApolymerase依赖于DNA的RNA聚合酶DGdiacylglycerol二脂酰甘油dGMPdeoxyguanosinemonophosphate鸟嘌呤脱氧核糖核苷一磷酸（脱氧鸟苷酸）DNAdeoxyribonucleicacid脱氧核糖核酸cDNAcomplementaryDNA互补DNAcccDNAcovalentlyclosedcircularDNA共价闭合环状DNAdsDNAdoublestrandDNA双链DNAmtDNAmitochondrialDNA线粒体DNAocDNAopencircularDNA开环DNAssDNAsinglestrandDNA单链DNADNasedeoxyribonuclease脱氧核糖核酸酶DNFB2，4-dinitroflurobenzene2,4-二硝基氟苯dNTPdeoxynucleotidtriphosphate脱氧核苷三磷酸DPGdiphosphoglycericacid二磷酸甘油酸E（或Glu）glutamicacid谷氨酸EFelongationfactor延伸因子EMPEmoden-Meyerbof-ParnaspathwayEMP途径；糖酵解途径F（或phe）phenylalanine苯丙氨酸FAfattyacid脂肪酸FADflavin-adeninedinucleotide黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸FH2dihydrofolicacid二氢叶酸FH4tetrahydrofolicacid四氢叶酸FMNflavinmononucleotide黄素单核苷酸Gguanosine;glycine;glucose鸟嘌呤核苷（鸟苷）；甘氨酸；葡萄糖Galgalactose半乳糖GDPguanosinediphosphate鸟嘌呤核苷二磷酸（二磷酸鸟苷）GHgrowthhormone生长素Glcglucose葡萄糖Gln（或Q）glutamine谷氨酰胺Glu（或E）glutamicacid谷氨酸（α-氨基戊二酸）Gly（或G）glycine甘氨酸（α-氨基乙酸）GMPguanosinemonophosphate鸟嘌呤核苷一磷酸（一磷酸鸟苷）GOTglutamate-oxaloacetatetransaminase谷草转氨酶GPTglutamate-pyruvatetransaminase谷丙转氨酶GTPguanosonetriphosphate鸟嘌呤核苷三磷酸(三磷酸鸟苷)H(或His)histidine组氨酸Hbhemoglobin血红蛋白HDLhighdensitylipoprotein高密度脂蛋白HMG-CoAβ-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoAβ-羟-β-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶AHMP(或HMS)hexosemonophosphatepathway磷酸已糖途径Hyphydroxyproline羟脯氨酸Iinosine;isoleucine次黄嘌呤核苷(肌苷),异亮氨酸IFinitiationfactor起始因子IgGimmunoglobulinG免疫球蛋白GIle(I)isoleucine异亮氨酸K(Lys)lysine赖氨酸KmMichaelisconstant米氏常数L(Leu)leucine亮氨酸LDHlactatedehydrogenase乳酸脱氢酶LDLlowdensitylipoprotein低密度脂蛋白Leu(L)leucine亮氨酸(α-氨基异已酸)Lys(或K)lysine赖氨酸（α，δ-二氨基已酸）M(或Met）methionine甲硫氨酸Mbmyoglobin肌红蛋白m5C5-methylcytidine5-甲基胞苷NNADnicotinamideadeninedinucleotide烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(辅酶I)NADPnicotinamideadeninedinucleotidephosphate烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸(辅酶Ⅱ)Ornornithine鸟氨酸（α，δ-二氨基戊酸）P(或Pro)proline脯氨酸PAGEpolyacrylamidegelelectrophoresis聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳PAPS3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate3'-磷酸腺苷-5'-磷酸硫酸PCRpolymerasechainreaction聚合酶链反应PEPphosphoenolpyruvate磷酸烯醇丙酮酸Phe(或F)phenylalanine苯丙氨酸（β-苯基-α-氨基丙酸）Pro(或P)proline脯氨酸PRPP5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate5-磷酸核糖-1-焦磷酸Q(或Gln)glutamine谷氨酰胺R(或Arg)arginine精氨酸RDDPRNAdependentDNApolymerase依赖于RNA的DNA聚合酶RDRPRNAdependentRNApolymerase依赖于RNA的RNA聚合酶RNAribonucleicacid核糖核酸HnRNAnuclearheterogenousRNA核内不均一RNAmRNAmessengerribonucleicacid信使核糖核酸rRNAribosomalribonucleicacid核糖体核糖核酸scRNAsamllcytoplasmicRNA细胞质小RNAsnRNAsmallnuclearRNA核内小RNAsnoRNAsmallnucleolusRNA小核仁RNAtRNAtransferribonucleicacid转运核糖核酸RNaseribonuclease核酸糖酶sSAMS-adenosylmethionineS-腺苷蛋氨酸SDSsodiumdodecylsulfate十二烷基硫酸钠Ser(或S)serine丝氨酸(β-羟基-α-氨基丙酸)SODsuperoxidedismutase超氧化物歧化酶SSBsingle-strandbindingprotein单链结合蛋白TTCAcycletricarboxylicacidcycle三羧酸循环Thr(或T)threonie苏氨酸(β-羟-α-氨基丁酸)Tmmeltingtemperature(DNA)熔融温度TPPthiaminepyrophosphate焦磷酸硫胺素Trp(或W)tryptophan色氨酸(β-吲哚-α-氨基丙酸)Uuridine尿嘧啶核苷UDPGuridinediphosphoglucose尿嘧啶核苷二磷酸葡萄糖UMPuridinemonophosphate尿嘧啶核苷一磷酸(尿苷酸)UTPuridinetriphosphate三磷酸尿(嘧啶核)苷V(Val)valine缬氨酸(α-氨基异戊酸)VHDLveryhighdensitylipoprotein极高密度脂蛋白VLDLverylowdensitylipoprotein极低密度脂蛋白W(或Trp)tryptophine色氨酸Ψpseudouridine假尿(嘧啶核)苷