高中英语句子种类语法课件

17.Anadvantageofdoing…is+that......的优点是......使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。Anadvantageofusingthesolarenergyisthatitwon’tcreate(produce)anypollution.使用e-mail的优点是它不会浪费纸张。使用飞机的好处是它能够节省时间。在线购物的好处是它方便、省时。Anadvantageofusinge-mailisthatitwon’twasteanypaper.Anadvantageofusingtheplaneisthatitcansavetime.Anadvantageofshoppingonlineisthatitisconvenientandcansavetime.使用温室的优点是它能够生产更多的蔬菜。使用因特网的优点是我们能在任何时候寻找所需信息。Anadvantageofusingthegreenhouseisthatitcanproducemorevegetables.Anadvantageofusingtheinternetisthatwecanlookforanyinformationweneedatanytime.英语句子种类按句子的结构分为三种:简单句(simplesentence)并列句(compoundsentence)复合句(complexsentence)(一).简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语):1.Tomlikesrockmusic.2.TomandJohnarefondofrockmusic.3.Tomsatdownathisdeskand______(begin）todohishomework.▲began简单句的五种基本句型1._________________________Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Helooksprettyhappytoday.★高考经常考查的系动词:1.“变得”______,_______,_______,_______,_____...2.“看起来”______,______,______“闻起来”______“尝起来”_____“摸起来”______“听起来”_____主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P)getbecometurngogrowlookseemappearsmelltastefeelsound★系动词的用法:(注意三点)+___________作表语;无__________;无__________;e.g.Thedish________________.(尝起来好吃)Thestory_______________.(听起来有趣).adj.宾语被动语态tastesdelicioussoundsinteresting系表结构1.我的兄弟都是大学生。2.冬季白天短，夜晚长。3.布朗夫人看起来很健康。4.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。5.孩子们，请保持安静。1.Mybothersareallcollegestudents.2.Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.3.MrsBrownlooksveryhealthy.4.Attheageoffifteenhebecameafamouspianist.5.Chidren,pleasekeepquiet.基本句型二Ｓ+Ｖ（主＋谓）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。2.________________Ourchalkhasrunout.Onhearingthenews,hecheered.★高考经常考查的不及物动词:“发生”__________;__________;__________;____________________“用完,用光”________;________.....★不及物动词的用法:无__________,无_________主语+谓语(S+V)happenoccurtakeplacecomeaboutbreakoutrunoutgiveout宾语被动语态e.g.1.“过去的几年里我们学校发生了很大的变化”Ourschoolhastakenplacegreatchangesinthelastfewyears.________________________________________________________.2.Doyouknowwhatwashappenedyesterday?(改错)(×)Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourschoolinthelastfewyears.＼1.你应当努力学习。2.她昨天回家很晚。3.那天早上我们我们谈了很多。4.会议将持续两个小时。5.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。主谓结构•1.Youshouldstudyhard.•2.Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.3.Thatmorningwetalkedalot.•4.Themeetingwilllasttwohours.5.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.3._____________________WearehavinganEnglishclass.MrWangwillattendthelecture.4.________________________IteachyouEnglish.Heofferedmehisseat.5.________________________Weshouldkeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.Iheardthemcheeringinthenextroom.Isawthewindowbroken.主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O)主语+谓语+间宾+直宾(S+V+O1+O2)主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(S+V+O+C)基本句型三Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。ＳＶt.（及物动词）Ｏ(宾语)1.Who2.She3.He8.Heknowslaughedatunderstandsmadetheanswer?her.English.cakes.（三）主谓宾结构1.昨晚我写了一封信。2.今天下午我想同你谈谈。3.这本书他读过好多次了。4.他们成功地完成了计划。5.你们必须在两周内看完这些书。.1.Iwrotealetterlastnight.2.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.3.Hehasreadthebookmanytimes.4.Theyhavecarriedouttheplansuccessfully.5.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks基本句型四Ｓ+Ｖ+IO+Ｏ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。1.Hegivesmesomepictures.2.Shebroughtyouadictionary.3.Theworkershowedmehowtorunthemachine.4.S(主）+Vt.（谓）+I.O.（间接宾）+D.O.（直接宾）1．Johnson先生去年教我们德语。Mr.JohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.2.奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.8.Mary把钱包给了校长。Marygavethewallettotheheadmaster.9.请把那本字典递给我好吗？Willyoupleasepassmethatdictionary?10.他把票给列车员看。Heshowedthetickettotheconductor.基本句型五Ｓ+Ｖ+Ｏ+Ｃ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。ＳＶ（及物）Ｏ（宾语）Ｃ（宾补）1.We2.They4.They5.Whatkeeppaintedfoundmakesthetablethedoorthehousehimclean.green.dirty.sad?5.S(主）+Vt.（谓）+O.（宾）+O.C.（宾补）1.我们叫她Alice.WecallherAlice.2.他的父母给他取名为John.HisparentsnamedhimJohn.3.我们大家都认为他很诚实Weallconsiderhimtobehonest.4.他们把门推开了。Theypushedthedooropen.5.他们把小偷释放了。Theymadethethieffree.请说出下列句子类型:1.Summeriscoming.2.Theywon’tletmego.3.HeshowedmeanewTVset.4.SheknowsFrench.5.Thegassmellsterrible.S+ViS+V+O+CS+V+O1+O2S+V+OS+V+P辨别五种句型I’mnotfeelingwelltoday.Ourcountryisbecomingstrongerandstronger.Thesunrisesintheeast.TheOpiumWarbrokeoutin1839.Theydecidedtoholdaclassmeeting.Weenjoylisteningtomusic.Myfatherboughtmeanelectronicdictionary.MrWangteachesuschemistry.Hemadehismotherverydisappointed.简单句的扩展成份简单句的主语、宾语可以加上一个短语（如定语）来扩展，及物动词或不及物动词也可以与其它短语（如状语）连用进行扩展。Abrightlittleboywithrosycheeksputthreebottlesofmilkquietlyonmydoorstepbeforeseveno’clock.HeworkedlikeamadmaninthegardenonSaturday.Theyounggirlwithlongblackhairseemstobeveryhappy.6.Therebe句型1.今晚没有会。Thereisn’tgoingtobeameetingtonight.2.天气预报说下午有大风。Theweathermansaysthere’llbeastrongwindintheafternoon.3.在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树。Infrontofthecave,therestands(grows)atallpinetree.4.过去这条河上有座桥。Thereusedtobeabridgeovertheriver.5.有个男孩站在树下。Thereisaboystandingunderthetree.(二)并列句(compoundsentence):把两个或几个简单句用并列连词或分号连接起来，则成为一个并列句。常用并列连词平行并列连词:转折并列连词：因果并列连词:选择并列连词:and,bo