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BJMS-030汽车术语整车术语TERMS1车辆类型VEHICLETYPE道路车辆ROADVEHICLE商用车辆COMMERCIALVEHICLE机动车辆MOTORVEHICLE前驱动车辆FRONTDRIVEVEHICLE后驱动车辆REARDRIVEVEHICLE全驱动车辆ALLWHEELDRIVEVEHICLE发动机前置车辆VEHICLEWITHFRONTENGINE发动机后置车辆VEHICLEWITHREARENGINE发动机中置车辆VEHICLEWITHCENTRALENGINE发动机下置车辆VEHICLEWITHUNDERFLOORENGINE内燃机汽车INTERNALCOMBUSTIONENGINEVEHICLE电动汽车ELECTRICVEHICLE天然气汽车NATURALGASVEHICLE（NGV）太阳能汽车SOLARPOWERVEHICLE汽车列车AUTOMOBILETRAIN多用途乘用车MULTIPURPOSEPASSENGERVEHICLE(MPV)1.1载货汽车TRUCK微型货车MINITRUCK轻型货车LIGHTTRUCK中型货车MEDIUMTRUCK重型货车HEAVYTRUCK小型货车PICK-UP1.2越野汽车OFF-ROADVEHICLE轻型越野汽车LIGHTOFF-ROADVEHICLE中型越野汽车MEDIUMOFF-ROADVEHICLE重型越野汽车HEAVYOFF-ROADVEHICLE超重型越野汽车EXTRAHEAVYOFF-ROADVEHICLE1.3自卸汽车DUMPTRUCK1.4牵引汽车TOWINGVEHICLE全挂牵引汽车FULL-TRAILERTOWINGVEHICLE半挂牵引汽车SEMI-TRAILERTOWINGVEHICLE1.5专用汽车SPECIALPURPOSEVEHICLE1.5.1厢式汽车VAN救护车AMBULANCE保温车INSULATEDVAN1BJMS-030汽车术语整车冷藏车REFRIGERATEDVAN电视转播车TVRELAYINGVEHICLE邮件运输车MAILCARRIER囚车PRISONVAN1.5.2罐式汽车TANKER运油车FUELTANKER酸罐车ACIDTANKER混凝土搅拌车CONCRETEMIXER洒水车STREETSPRINKLER消防车FIREFIGHTINGVEHICLE1.5.3专用自卸汽车SPECIALTIPPER1.5.4起重举升汽车CRANE/LIFTTRUCK1.5.5仓栅式汽车STORAGETRUCK1.5.6特种结构汽车SPECIALCONSTRUCTIONVEHICLE车辆运输车CARTRANSPORTER集装箱运输车CONTAINERPLATFORMVEHICLE1.6客车BUS微型客车MINIBUS轻型客车LIGHTBUS中型客车MEDIUMBUS大型客车LARGEBUS特大型客车EXTRABUS长途客车LONGDISTANCECOACH铰接客车ARTICULATEDBUS无轨电车TROLLEYBUS双层客车DOUBLE-DECKBUS游览客车SIGHTSEEINGBUS1.7轿车PASSENGERCAR微型轿车MINICAR普通级轿车SUBCOMPACTCAR中级轿车COMPACTCAR中高级轿车INTERMEDIATECAR高级轿车LIMOUSINE旅行轿车STATIONWAGON活顶轿车CONVERTIBLESALOON跑车ROADSTER赛车RACER2BJMS-030汽车术语整车1.8挂车TRAILER全挂车FULLTRAILER半挂车SEMI-TRAILER2汽车尺寸参数AUTOMOBILEDIMENSION车长VEHICLELENGTH车宽VEHICLEWIDTH车高VEHICLEHEIGHT轴距WHEELBASE轮距TRACK(TREAD)前悬FRONTOVERHANG后悬REAROVERHANG离地间隙GROUNDCLEARANCE纵向通过角RAMPANGLE接近角APPROACHANGLE离去角DEPARTUREANGLE转弯直径TURNINGDIAMETER3汽车质量参数AUTOMOBILEMASS底盘干质量CHASSISDRYMASS底盘整备质量CHASSISCURBMASS整车干质量COMPLETEVEHICLEDRYMASS整车整备质量COMPLETEVEHICLECURBMASS最大总质量MAXIMUMTOTALMASS(GROSSVEHICLEWEIGHTRATED)厂定最大总质量MAXIMUMMANUFACTURER'STOTALMASS允许最大总质量MAXIMUMAUTHORIZEDTOTALMASS最大装载质量MAXIMUMLADENMASS厂定最大装载质量MAXIMUMMANUFACTURER'SLADENMASS允许最大装载质量MAXIMUMAUTHORIZEDLADENMASS最大轴载质量MAXIMUMAXLELADENMASS厂定最大轴载质量MAXIMUMMANUFACTURER'SAUTHORIZEDLADENMASS厂定允许最大轴载质量MAXIMUMMANUFACTURER'SAXLELADENMASS4汽车性能CHARACTERISTICOFAUTOMOBILE4.1动力性DYNAMICCHARACTERISTIC3BJMS-030汽车术语整车动力性指标CRITERIAFOREVALUATIONOFDYNAMICCHARACTERISTIC最高车速MAXIMUMSPEED加速时间TIMEOFACCELERATION最大爬坡度MAXIMUMGRADEABILITY驱动力DRIVINGFORCE行驶阻力RESISTANCETOMOTION坡度阻力GRADERESISTANCE空气阻力AERODYNAMICDRAGFORCE空气阻力系数AERODYNAMICDRAGCOEFFICIENT加速阻力ACCELERATINGRESISTANCE滚动阻力ROLLINGRESISTANCE滚动阻力系数ROLLINGRESISTANCECOEFFICIENT滚动阻力矩ROLLINGRESISTANCEMOMENT法向力NORMALFORCE切向力TANGENTIALFORCE侧向力LATERALFORCE轮胎变形系数COEFFICIENTOFTIREDEFORMATION道路阻力系数COEFFICIENTOFROADRESISTANCE附着力ADHESIVEFORCE附着系数COEFFICIENTOFADHESION牵引力TRACTIVEFORCE牵引平衡TRACTIONALBALANCE动力因数DYNAMICFACTOR比功率POWER/MASSRATIO比转矩TORQUE/MAXIMUMTOTALMASSRATIO功率平衡POWERBALANCE后备功率RESERVEPOWER4.2燃油经济性FUELECONOMY燃油经济性的评价指标CRITERIAFOREVALUATIONOFFUELECONOMY等速油耗CONSTANT-SPEEDFUELECONOMY道路循环油耗FUELECONOMYOFROADTESTCYCLES经济车速ECONOMICSPEED4.3制动性BRAKINGPERFORMANCE制动距离STOPPINGDISTANCE制动减速度BRAKINGDECELERATION制动效率BRAKINGEFFICIENCY4BJMS-030汽车术语整车地面制动力TIRE-GROUNDBRAKINGFORCE制动时的方向稳定性DIRECTIONALSTABILITYDURINGBRAKING同步附着系数SYNCHRONIZINGADHESIONCOEFFICIENT轮胎－道路附着系数TIRE-ROADADHESIONCOEFFICIENT4.4通过性TRAFFICABILITY爬坡能力GRADEABILITY涉水能力FADINGABILITY间隙失效HANG-UPFAILURE寄生功率PARASITICPOWER4.5操纵稳定性HANDLEABILITYANDSTABILITY4.5.1转向系STEERINGSYSTEM转向角STEERINGANGLE名义转向角NOMINALSTEERINGANGLE转向盘转角STEERINGWHEELANGLE转向系角传动比STEERINGSYSTEMANGLERATIO转向盘自由行程FREEPLAYOFSTEERINGWHEEL阿克曼转向角ACKERMANSTEERINGANGLE操舵力（转向力）STEERINGFORCE转向系摩擦力FRICTIONFORCEOFSTEERINGSYSTEM转向系阻尼DAMPINGOFSTEERINGSYSTEM保舵力STEERINGFORCEFORKEEPINGAGIVENCONTROL操舵力矩（转向力矩）STEERINGMOMENT保舵力矩STEERINGMOMENTFORKEEPINGAGIVENCONTROL正效率FORWARDEFFICIENCY转向系刚度STEERINGSYSTEMSTIFFNESS转向系惯性力矩MOMENTOFINERTIAOFSTEERINGSYSTEM前束TOE-IN(LENGTH)前束角TOE-IN(ANGLE)主销后倾角KINGPINCASTERANGLE主销后倾距CASTER车轮外倾角CAMBERANGLE主销内倾KINGPININCLINATION主销偏置距KINGPINOFFSET横向滑移量LATERALSLIP4.5.2悬架系SUSPENSIONSYSTEM车轮中心平面CENTRALPLANEOFTHEWHEEL车轮中心WHEELCENTER5BJMS-030汽车术语整车车轮定位WHEELALIGNMENT悬架垂直刚度SUSPENSIONVERTICALSTIFFNESS悬架纵向刚度SUSPENSIONLONGITUDINALSTIFFNESS悬架横向刚度SUSPENSIONTRANSVERSESTIFFNESS悬架有效刚度RIDERATE悬架侧倾SUSPENSIONROLL悬架侧倾角SUSPENSIONROLLANGLE悬架侧倾刚度SUSPENSIONROLLSTIFFNESS侧倾刚度ROLLSTIFFNESS侧倾中心ROLLCENTER侧倾轴ROLLAXIS悬架柔性COMPLIANCEINSUSPENSION阻尼特性DAMPINGFORCECHARACTERISTIC翻倾力矩OVERTURNINGMOMENT翻倾力矩分配OVERTURNINGMOMENTDISTRIBUTION4.5.3轮胎和车轮TIREANDWHEEL轮胎接地中心CENTEROFTIRECONTACT轮胎侧偏角SLIPANGLEOFTIRE滑移率SLIPRATE自由半径FREERADIUS静负荷半径STATICLOADEDRADIUS动负荷半径DYNAMICLOADEDRADIUS滚动周长ROLLINGCIRCUMFERENCE滚动半径ROLLINGRADIUS轮胎垂直力VERTICALFORCEOFTIRE轮胎横向力LATERALFORCEOFTIRE轮胎纵向力LONGITUDINALFORCEOFTIRE轮胎侧向力SIDEFORCEOFTIRE径向刚度RADIALSTIFFNESS横向刚度LATERALSTIFFNESS外倾推力CAMBERTHRUST转弯力CORNERINGFORCE侧偏阻力CORNERINGDRAG拖曳阻力RESISTANCEFORCEOFDRAG轮胎翻转力矩OVERTURNINGMOMENTOFTIRE回正力矩ALIGNINGTORQUE车轮转矩WHEELTORQUE6BJMS-030汽车术语整车轮胎拖距PNEUMATICTRAIL侧偏刚度CORNERINGSTIFFNESS外倾刚度CAMBERSTIFFNESS制动刚度BRAKINGSTIFFNESS驱动刚度DRIVINGSTIFFNESS回正刚度ALIGNINGSTIFFNESS4.5