NS3-VANET-simulation

ENSC427ProjectReportPage1of26TableofContentsTableofContents.....................................................................................................................................................11.Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................12.Background.......................................................................................................................................................13.ScopeofProject...............................................................................................................................................2IssueswithNS3simulations...........................................................................................................................3ExperimentSetup............................................................................................................................................34.NS-3Simulations.............................................................................................................................................6ChannelModel.................................................................................................................................................6Scenario1–TwoNodeSimulation.................................................................................................................8Scenario3–NodeDensityinRandomWalk.................................................................................................11Scenario4–UsingaSemi-RealisticTraceforMobilitywithinthe1kmby1kmarea...................................125.GeneratingMobilityTraces............................................................................................................................136.FutureWork...................................................................................................................................................177.References......................................................................................................................................................178.CodeSample...................................................................................................................................................181.IntroductionThisreportismeanttooutlinemyeffortinbuildingaVANETsimulation.IhaddecidedtoworkinNS-3whichposedaconsiderableaboutofproblemsgivenitisstillreasonablenew.TheavailablepackagesincludingthePhySimhadbuilderrorsthatIcouldberesolvesothisprojectutilizesthestandardYANSchannelmodel.Thisreportmayhavemissedsomecriticalpartsofresearchonthetopicbutthiswasonlymeantasafirstattempttogatherasmuchofabroad-understandingonVANETsinthecontextofITSapplications.2.BackgroundInthissectionIwillintroducethetopicofvehicularad-hocnetworks(VANETS)andmyreviewofthepastresearchthathadbeendoneinthetopicthatrelatestothisproject.VANETSvs.TypicalAd-hocnetworksVANETS,orVehicle-2-Vehicle(V2V)networksastheyarealsoknown,aretheextremetypeofad-hocnetworkwhichischaracterizedbyhigh-mobilityandhighchannelload.GiventheircriticalroleinIntegratedTransportationSystems(ITS),theyarealsocharacterizedbytheirreal-timenature.CurrentapplicationsinITS,includeelectronictolling,navigation,androadsafety.Inthecontextoftransportationsafety,vehiclecommunicationhastobemorerealizablethenabest-effortnetwork.ENSC427ProjectReportPage2of26AlsoitshouldbementionedthatVANETSdohavesomepositivecharacteristicsthataredifferentfromregularad-hocnetworks.Sincethemobilenodesarevehiclestheyinalmosteverysituationwillhavesemi-predicablemovement,ie.Carsstayontheroad.Alsogiventhattheactualcommunicationequipment,alsocalledon-boardunits(OBUs)inVANETliterature,ispoweredbythecarthismeansthatpowerconstraintsarenotasmuchanissueasfortypicalcellularhand-heldequipment.VANETSSpecificationsFullyautonomousVANETSarestillnotacompletereality.TheIEEE802.11pamendmenttothe802.11standardisonlyadraftstandard.ComplementarywiththeIEEE802.11pistheIEEE1609.ThelatteroutlinesthespecificationsandimplementationoftheUpperlayerprotocolstack,whiletheformerdealsonlywiththephysicallayerandlowerpartoftheMAClayer.Ihaveincludedthesestandardsinthereferencesection.Thefollowingreferencedfigureshowstherelationship.Figure:TheVANETcommunicationprotocolstack.Reference[3]Thisstandardisalsoknownasthededicatedshort-rangecommunicationDSRCwhichalsoisthenameforthefrequencyband5.850-5.925GHz.Thisbandisfurtherdividedinto7channelsinwhichthereisonecontrolchannelusedforvehiclebroadcasting.ManyofthereferenceIhaveseengivedifferentspecificationastodata-rateandcommunicationrange.OnaverageIwouldsaythatthetypicalrangeofDSRCcommunicationismeanttobe300m–500mandadata-rateof3–20Mbps(bitspersec).ThecurrentequivalentEuropeanstandardistheETSIES202663.3.ScopeofProjectVANETsareabroadtopicandthereisconsiderableamountofresearcheffortdevotedtothem.ThisprojectisonlymeanttoexplorethePhysicallayerandMAClayersusingthens-3simulationpackage.Asstatedinreference[6]thereexis