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2018年12月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案PartIWriting(30minutes)Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonhowtobalanceacademicstudyandextracurricularactivities.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words。PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inwhat’sprobablythecraziestheadlineI’veeverwritten,I’vereportedthat26inlivestockprotectionarehappeningwithscientistspaintingeyesonthebuttsofcows.Theexperimentisbasedupontheideathatfarmerswho’reprotectingtheirherdfromlionswouldshootandkilllionsinanefforttoprotecttheirlivestock.Whilethismakesalotofsense,itresultsinmanyliondeathsthat27wouldhavebeenunnecessary.ResearchersinAustraliahavebeen28andtestingamethodoftrickerytomakelionsthinktheyarebeingwatchedbythepaintedeyesoncowbutts.Thisideaisbasedontheprinciplethatlionsandother29arefarlesslikelytoattackwhentheyfeeltheyarebeingwatched.Asconservationareasbecomesmaller,lionsareincreasinglycomingintocontactwithhumanpopulations,whichareexpandingtothe30oftheseprotectedareas.Effortslikepaintingeyesoncowbuttsmayseemcrazyatfirst,buttheycouldmakeactualheadwayinthefightforconservation.“Ifthemethodworks,itcouldprovidefarmersinBotswana-and31—withalow-cost,sustainabletooltoprotecttheirlivestock,andawaytokeeplionssafefrombeingkilled.”Lionsare32ambush（埋伏）hunters,sowhentheyfeeltheirpreyhas33them,theyusuallygiveuponthehunt.Researchersare34testingtheirideaonaselectherdofcattle.Theyhavepaintedhalfofthecowswitheyesandlefttheotherhalfasnormal.Throughsatellitetrackingofboththeherdandthelionsinthearea,theywillbeableto35iftheirpsychologicaltrickerywillworktohelpkeepfarmersfromshootinglions.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.ResilienceIsAboutHowYouRecharge,NotHowYouEndure[A]Asconstanttravelersandparentsofa2-year-old,wesometimesfantasizeabouthowmuchworkwecandowhenoneofusgetsonaplane,undistractedbyphones,friends,ormovies.Weracetogetallourgroundworkdone:packing,goingthroughsecurity,doingalast-minuteworkcall,callingeachother,thenboardingtheplane.Then,whenwetrytohavethatamazingworksessioninflight,wegetnothingdone.Evenworse,afterrefreshingouremailorreadingthesamestudiesoverandover,wearetooexhaustedwhenwelandtosoldieronwith（继续处理）theemailsthathaveinevitablystillpiledup.[B]whyshouldflyingdepleteus?We’rejustsittingtheredoingnothing.Whycan’twebetougher,moreresilient（有复原力的）anddeterminedinourworksowecanaccomplishallofthegoalswesetforourselves?Basedonourcurrentresearch,wehavecometorealizethattheproblemisnotourhecticscheduleortheplanetravelitself;theproblemcomesfromamisconceptionofwhatitmeanstoberesilient,andtheresultingimpactofoverworking.[C]Weoftentakeamilitaristic,“tough”approachtoresilienceanddeterminationlikeaMarinepullinghimselfthroughthemud,aboxergoingonemoreround,orafootballplayerpickinghimselfupoffthegroundforonemoreplay.Webelievethatthelongerwetoughitout,thetougherweare,andthereforethemoresuccessfulwewillbe.However,thisentireconceptionisscientificallyinaccurate.[D]Theverylackofarecoveryperiodisdramaticallyholdingbackourcollectiveabilitytoberesilientandsuccessful.Researchhasfoundthatthereisadirectcorrelationbetweenlackofrecoveryandincreasedincidenceofhealthandsafetyproblems.Andlackofrecovery—whetherbydisruptingsleepwiththoughtsofworkorhavingcontinuouscognitivearousalbywatchingourphones—iscostingourcompanies$62billionayearinlostproductivity.[E]Andjustbecauseworkstops,itdoesn’tmeanwearerecovering.We“stop”worksometimesat5pm,butthenwespendthenightwrestlingwithsolutionstoworkproblems,talkingaboutourworkoverdinner,andfallingasleepthinkingabouthowmuchworkwe’lldotomorrow.Inastudyjustreleased,researchersfromNorwayfoundthat7.8%ofNorwegianshavebecomeworkaholics（工作狂）.Thescientistsciteadefinition“workaholism”as“beingoverlyconcernedaboutwork,drivenbyanuncontrollableworkmotivation,andinvestingsomuchtimeandeffortinworkthatitimpairsotherimportantlifeareas.”[F]WebelievethatthenumberofpeoplewhofitthatdefinitionincludesthemajoriyofAmericanworkers,whichpromptedustobeginastudyofworkaholismintheU.S.Ourstudywillusealargecorporatedatasetfromamajormedicalcompanytoexaminehowtechnologyextendsourworkinghoursandthusinterfereswithnecessarycognitiverecovery,resultinginhugehealthcarecostsandturnovercostsforemployers.[G]Themisconceptionofresilienceisoftenbredfromanearlyage.Parentstryingtoteachtheirchildrenresiliencemightcelebrateahighschoolstudentstayingupuntil3amtofinishasciencefa