1动词一、什么是动词:动词是用来表示主语做什么(即行为动词),或表示主语是什么或怎么样(即状态动词)的词,例如:Theboyrunsfast.(这个男孩跑得快。)runs表示主语的行为Heisaboy.(他是个男孩。)is与后面的表语aboy表示主语的状态二、动词的分类(一)行为动词:行为动词(实义动词)是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整,可以单独作谓语。例如:IliveinBeijingwithmymother.(我和我妈妈住在北京。)live,住行为动词分为:原形,三单,现在分词,过去式,过去分词(二)连系动词:连系动词是表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词,它虽有词义,但不完整,所以不能单独作谓语,必须跟表语一起构成合成谓语,例如:WeareinGradeTwothisyear.(今年我们在两年级。)连系动词可具体分为三类:1、表示“是”的动词be。这个词在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式,is,am,are,was,were,have/hasbeen等要特别予以注意。例如:Heisateacher.(他是个教师。)WeareChinese.(我们是中国人。)用法归纳:我(I)用am,你(you)有are,他(he),她(she),它(it)用is,单数用is,复数用are,不可数用is2、表示“感觉”的词,如look(看起来),feel(觉得,摸起来),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来)等,例如:Shelookedtired.(她看一去很疲劳。)Ifeelill.(我觉得不舒服。)Cottonfeelssoft.(棉花摸起来很软。)Thestorysoundsinteresting.(这个故事听起来很有趣。)Theflowerssmellsweet.(这些花闻起来很香。)注意:表示“感觉”的词后面跟形容词。3、表示“变”、“变成”的意思的词,如become,get,grow,turn,都解释为“变”、“变得”,例如:Shebecameacollegestudent.(她成了一名大学生。)Hefeelssick.Hisfaceturnswhite.(他感到不舒服,他的脸色变苍白了。)Theweathergetswarmerandthedaysgetlongerwhenspringcomes.(春天来了,天气变得暖和些了,白天也变得较长些了。)Hegrewold.(他老了。)(三)助动词:这类词本身无词义,不能单独作谓语,只能与主要动词一起构成谓语,表示不同的时态、语态、表示句子的否定和疑问。1,do,does,did用法:用于一般疑问句。●do用于当主语是第一人称I,第二人称you及复数时(复数包括we,they,these,those及两个以上的人或者事物。●does用于当主语是第三人称单数时(第三人称包括she,he,it,this,that,单独的事物或者人名等)。●时态是一般过去时,用did。2,don’t,doesn’t,didn’t用法:用于否定句。主语是三单,用doesn’t;主语是非三单,用don’t。时态是一般过去时,用didn’t。(四)情态动词:这类词本身虽有意义,但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态,如“可能”、“应当”等。这类动词有can,may,must,need,could,might等。它们不能单独作谓语,必须与行为动词(原形)一起作谓语,表示完整的意思,例如:Icandance.(我会跳舞。)can,能,会动词专项练习题一、用am,is,are,was,were填空.1)I_____astudent.2)You____adoctor.3)____shefromJinan?4)_____youAmerican?5)It_____acar.6)They____cars7)____yourmotherinChina?8)_____yourfriendsinNewYork?9)These_____buses.10)Those_____oranges.11)Howold_____yourteacher?12)I_______astudenttwoyearsago.13),___________youathomeyesterday?214)Tenandtwo________twelve.15),This__________mybrother.16),Thenews__________good.17)There__________twobooksandapenhere.二,判断下面动词是?A,行为动词B,be动词C,感官动词D,助动词E,情态动词1,Couldyoupleasehelpme?2,Mybrotherisateacher3.Helikeshispupilsverymuch.4,Herfaceturnspale(苍白)whensheheardthebadnews.5,Hervoicesoundslikemymother's.6,Herecomesthebus!7,Canyouplayfootball?8,Doyougotoschool?9,Idon’tgoshopping.10,Didyougohomeyesterday?11,Imustgohomenow.12,Therearesomebirdsinthetree.13,Doesmybrotherwashhishomework?14,Tomdoesn’tgotoschool.15,Marydidn’tgotoschool.三,用所给单词的适当形式填空。1,Iplay____________________(高兴)2,Helooks____________________(高兴)3,Hecan____________________(swim)4,Heisa_________(好)student.5,Heplayedbasketball_________.(好)6,Thestorysounds_________(interest).7,Iam_________inthisbook.(interest)8,It_____aroundface.(有)9,I______abook.(有)10,He________adotor.(变成)11,Hisface________white(变成)12,Theweather_________warmer.(变得)13,He____________old。(长成)14,Ican___________(swim)15.Shemust______(do)herhomework.16,Hedoesn’t_______(go)toschool.17,Terrydidn’t_____(play)theguitar.18,Doyou_______(go)home?19,Doeshe________(go)home?20,DidTom_______(go)homeyesterday?四.找朋友。dodoesHe______I______she______we______it______you______they_____JackandTom______adog______五,用do,does,did,don’t,doesn’t,didn’t填空.1.______hewatchTVatnight?Yes,he_____2.______yougotoschooleveryday?3.______JackandPeterlikeapples?4.______TinagoswimmingonSunday?5.______theyplayfootball?6.______wehaveagoodteacher?8._____yourdogwalkinthezoo?9.____Ihaveabignose?10.____yourcatseatfish?11._______yougotoschoolyesterday?Yes,we_______12,I_____wanttogotoChineserestaurant.13.They_____dosportseveryday.14.Terry_____playtheguitar.15.Myfather_____likehisjob.16.We_____gototheparkontheweekend.17.Tom_____gotoschoolyesterday.一般疑问句的讲解与练习●什么是一般疑问句:用Yes或No作答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。●一般疑问句还有下列特点:1、以be动词、助动词或情态动词开头;2、往往读升调;3、译成汉语,都可以带上“吗”,一,有be(is,am,are,was,were)动词的句子变一般疑问句:一提二变三问号.一提:是提be动词到句首二变:变大小写,一二人称互变三问号:句末写问号肯定回答和否定回答:用什么问用什么答例:Sheisagirl.→Issheagirl?Yes,sheisNo,sheisn’t3注意:1,Iam…….→Areyou……?Yes,IamNo,Iamnot.(amnot不能缩写)2,This/Thatis…..→Isthis/that….?Yes,itisNo,itisn’t.3,These/Thoseare…..→Arethese/those….?Yes,theyareNo,theyaren’t.练习:1.Thisisaboy2.Itisacat.3.Thatisyoursister.4.Thosearemybooks.5.Theseareapples.二,有情态动词(can,could,must,need)的句子变一般疑问句:一提二变三问号.一提:是提情态动词到句首二变:变大小写,一二人称互变三问号:句末写问号肯定回答和否定回答:用什么问用什么答注意:Imust/need…..→Must/Needyou….?Yes,ImustNo,Ineedn’tTom'sfathercanplaythepiano.→CanTom'sfatherplaythepiano?Yes,hecanNo,hecan;t练习:Theycanswim.三,有行为动词/实义动词的句子变一般疑问句:一加二变三问号一加:句首加do,does,did二变:变大小写,一二人称互变三问号:句末写问号肯定回答和否定回答:用什么问用什么答Theygotoschoolbybike.→Dotheygotoschoolbybike?Yes,theydoNo,theydon’tBillgetsupat6:30everyday.→DoesBillgetupat6:30everyday?Yes,hedoesNo,hedoesn’t练习:1.Ilovemyparents.2.Iplayedcomputergameseverynight.3.HehasaTV.●陈述句变一般疑问句应注意的事项陈述句变成一般疑问句除了遵循上述规则以外,还应注意下列几点:1.如果陈述句中有第一人称,则变问句时最好要变为第二人称。例:Iusuallyhavelunchatschool.→Doyouusuallyhavelunchatschool?Myfatherisplayingsoccer.→Isyourfatherplayingsoccer?2.如果陈述句中有some,则变问句时往往要变成any。例:Thereissomewaterontheplayground.→Isthereanywaterontheplayground.3,肯定回答和否定回答时,人名改成相应的人称代词。IsTomaboy?Yes,heis练习:将下列句子改成一般疑问句:并做肯定回答和否定回答1.Itisalovelydog._____________________________________Yes,___________No,____________2.TomandMar