henry-james英文版

(1843-1916)1.Biography2.Majorworks3.ThePortraitofaLady4.PositionCatalogue5.reflectionsBiography01Born:15April1843Birthplace:NewYearFather:aeminentscholarBrother:aphilosopherandpsychologistBiography1862:JamesenteredHarvardLawSchool•Nevermarried,oncelovedhiscousin•1875settledinhisidealhome---Paris,metFlaubert(福楼拜)andMaupassant(莫泊桑)•1915becominganaturalizedBritishcitizen.•1916diedofpneumonia(肺炎)inLondonandwasburiedinMassachusetts(马萨诸塞)•1976hisasheswereremovedtoPoet’scornerinWestminster(威斯敏斯特)abbey.02MajorworksAproductivewriter:writingnovels,novellasandtales,travelingwritings,literarycriticism,plays,autobiographiesandsoon.ThreeperiodsofhisliterarylifeThefirstperiod(1865-1882)Thesecondperiod(1882-1895)Thethirdperiod(1895-1900)MajorworksThefirstperiod:1865-1882•TheAmerican,1877《美国人》•DaisyMiller,1878《黛西·米勒》•TheEuropeans,1878《欧洲人》•ThePortraitofaLady,1881《贵妇人的画像》---Internationaltheme(AmericaninnocenceinfaceofEuropeansophistication)Thesecondperiod:1882-1895•TheBostonians,1886《波士顿人》•ThePrincessCasamassima,1866《卡萨玛萨雅公主》•TheDeathofaLion,1894《名流之死》---Studiesofinterpersonalrelationships(subtlestudiesofinter-personalrelationship)Thethirdperiod:1895-1900•WhatMashieknew,1897《梅吉的见闻》•TheTurneroftheScrew,1898《螺丝在拧紧》•TheWingsoftheDove,1902《鸽翼》•TheAmbassadors,1903《专使》•TheGoldenBowl,1904《金碗》---addedcomplexityandprofunditytohisinternationaltheme(arevivalofthethemeofinnocenceinacorruptedworldand“theinternationaltheme”)InternationalthemePsychologicalrealismLiterarycriticismLiterarycontributionsInternationalthemearesetagainstalargeinternationalbackground,usuallybetweenEuropeandAmericafocusontheconfrontationofthetwodifferentcultureswithtwodifferentgroupsofpeoplerepresentingtwodifferentvaluesystemsnovelsPsychologicalrealismJameschangedthemethodofpresentationinanovel,shiftingthecenterofgravityfromactiontoitsintellectualandfantasticaspects:externalcircumstanceslosesignificancebeforetheinwardeventsthattakeplaceinasoul.LiterarycriticismHenryJames’literarycriticismisanindispensablepartofhiscontributiontoliterary.HeworkedouthisinfluentialprinciplesoffictioninTheArtofFiction(1884).Theaimofthenovelistopresentlife.Toprobethedeepestreachesofthepsychologicalandmoralnatureofhumanbeings.03ThePortraitofaLadyThePortraitofaLady贵妇人的自画像Touched.Couple托契亚特夫妇CasparGoodwood美国富商IsabelArcher伊莎贝尔·阿切尔（美国人）Pansy潘西LordWarburton沃普顿爵士（英国贵族）GilbertOsmond吉尔伯特·奥斯芒德（侨居意大利的美国人）Reply拉尔夫MadameMerle梅尔夫人（欧洲化的美国人）auntandunclesondaughterlovermarriedMaincharactersandrelationshipsBriefintroductionItisoneofJames'smostpopularlongnovels,andisregardedbycriticsasoneofhisfinest.ThePortraitofaLadyisthestoryofaspiritedyoungAmericanwoman,IsabelArcher,whoaffrontsherdestinyandfindsitoverwhelming.GenerallyregardedasthemasterpieceofJames'searlyperiod,thisnovelreflectsJames'scontinuinginterestinthedifferencesbetweentheNewWorldandtheOld,oftentothedetrimentoftheformer.Italsotreatsinaprofoundwaythethemesofpersonalfreedom,responsibility,andbetrayal.•Knowledgeable,intelligent,graceful•Fullofillusion,strong-minded,over-confident,freedomofchoice•Followtheconventionalvirtuesimposedonwomenbysocialauthorities.•AnembodimentofAmericanspiritandEuropeanspirit.IsabelArcher•SuitorcamefromAmericanbutlivedinEuropeforseveralyears.•Tasteful,pursuetheartinsteadofthefameandreputation---Isabel•Money-orientation,hypocritical,stubbornsnobbish---reality•AcombinationoftheAmericancultureandEuropeanculture.James'sfirstideaforThePortraitofaLadywassimple:ayoungAmericanwomanconfrontingherdestiny,whateveritmightbe.Itisaratherexistentialistnovel,asIsabelisverycommittedtolivingwiththeconsequencesofherchoicewithintegritybutalsoasortofstubbornness.04position他（HenryJames）在小说史上的地位，就和莎士比亚在诗歌史上的地位一样稳固。---格雷厄姆·格林position05reflectionreflectionHenryJames’snovelsarehighlyrefinedandinsightful.Withalargevocabulary,heisalwaysaccurateinwordselection,tryingtofindthebestexpressionforhisliteraryimagination.In19thcentury,Americaisanewly-developedcountry,politics,economics,especiallyculturearenotformedstably.ForHenryJames,hisrelativenovelsappeartobeharshtounderstand.Thankyou