建筑学院授课ppt模板：门和窗的设计与构造DOORS

DOORS&WINDOWSDOORAdoorisamoveablebarriersecuredinawallopening.Functions:1.Theyadmitventilationandlight.2.Controlsthephysicalatmospherewithinaspacebyenclosingit,excludingairdrafts,sothatinteriorsmaybemoreeffectivelyheatedorcooled.3.Theyactasabarriertonoise.4.Usedtoscreenareasofabuildingforaestheticpurposes,keepingformalandutilityareasseparate.LocationofdoorinabuildingThenumbershouldbekeptasminimum.Itshouldmeetthefunctionalrequirement.Itshouldpreferablybelocatedatthecorneroftheroom,nearly20cmfromcorner.Ifinaroom,morethan2doorsarethere,theyshallbelocatedfacingeachother.Componentsofadoor:a)Doorframeb)DoorshutterDoorframeHEADJAMB/POSTHOLDFASTF.L.HORNREBATETOPRAILBOTTOMRAILINTERMEDIATERAILSSTYLEPANELFRIEZERAILDoorshutterSIZESOFDOORSThecommonwidth-heightrelationsused:Width=0.4–0.6HeightHeight=(width+1.2)mGeneralsizesused:a)ResidentialExternaldoor–1.0x2.0to1.1x2.0mInternaldoor-0.9x2.0to1.0x2.0mBath&WC–0.7X2.0to0.8x2.0mGaragesforcars–2.25x2.25mto2.40x2.25mb)Public1.2x2.0mor1.2x2.1mor1.2x2.25mDesignationofdoorsThesizeofanopeningisindicatedbynumberofmoduleswhereeachmoduleisof100mm.e.g.10DS20OR10DT20sizeofopening=1000x2000mmD–DooropeningS–SingleshutterT–DoubleshutterDOORFRAMESMaterialsusedfordoorframesTimberSteelAluminiumConcreteStoneTimberdoorframeGeneralspecifications:Timberissawninthedirectionofgrains.Allmembersofframesareofsamespeciesoftimberandbestraightwithoutanywarp.Theframesaresmooth,wellplanedsurfacesexceptthesurfacetouchingwalllintelsilletc.Thethicknessofrebateis15mmandthewidthisequaltothethicknessofshutter.Nominalsizeofdoorframeforsingleshutteris75X100mmandfordoubleshutter75X125mm.Thebackportionofdoorframewhichincontactwithwalls,lintelssilletc.ispaintedwithbitumenoranyanti-termitechemical.Toprotectdoorframeduringconstructionprimingcoatisdonebeforefixing.Aminimumof3holdfastsshallbefixedoneachside,oneatthecentreandtheothertwoat300mmfromtopandbottomoftheframe.Holdfastsandotherparts,whichgointothemasonrywallandthusnotaccessibleformaintenance,shallbeprotectedagainstmoistureanddecay,withacoatingofcoaltarorothersuitableprotectivematerial.TypesofDoorsOnthebasisofworkingoperationsHingeddoorsBattenedtypeFramedandpaneledGlazed/SashFlushedLouveredWire-guageRevolvingdoorsSlidingdoorsSwingdoorsCollapsibledoorsRollingshutterHingeddoorsMostdoorsarehingedalongonesidetoallowthedoortopivotawayfromthedoorwayinonedirectionbutnotintheother.Theaxisofrotationisusuallyvertical.Themostcommondoortype.Itisasimple&rigid.Thepanelswings,opensandcloses,onhinges.Hingeddoorsrequireaminimumamountofmaintenanceandcleaning,theyarenotexpensive,andhaveanexcellentinsulatingability.However,theytakeuppreciousroomspacetoswingin.BattenedandledgeddoorThedoorconsistsofverticalboardsi.e.battensandthreeorfourhorizontalledges.Theverticalboardsaretongueandgroovedtostopdraughtsandtheedgeschamferedtorelievetheplainappearance.Battens:100-150mmwideand20-30mmthickLedges:200mmwideand25–30mmthickThedoorishungtotheframebyT-hingesofiron.Thedooriscommonlyusedfornarrowopeningsforinternalusewhereitisnotsubjecttoharduse,orwhereeconomyisofmainconsiderationthantheappearance..Battened,LedgedandBraceddoorBattens:100-150mmwide&20-30mmthickLedges:100-200mmthick&25-30mmthickBraces:100-150mmwide&25-30mmthickNormallyconstructedusingaZ-shapedframewithtongue-and-grooveinterlockingboardsattachedtheycanbequiteheavyinweightbutthiscandependonthethicknessofboardsused.Duetotheirconstructiontheyarenormallyverystrongandhardwearingandcanalsobeplanedandshapedtofitprettymuchanydoorway.Suchdoorsareusedforwideropenings.Thebracesinclinedowntowardsthehingedside.Battened,Ledged,BracedandFramedDoorTheframeworkconsistsofverticalstyles,threeledgesandtwoinclinedbraces.Thebracesarenormallyhousedintotherailsatabout40mmfromthestyles.Thethicknessofthestylesandtoprailissamewhichisequaltothethicknessofbracesandbattens.Thistypeissuitableforexternaldooranddoorsubjectedtoroughhandling.FramedandPaneleddoorThesetypesofdoorsarewidelyusedinalltypesofbuildingssincetheyarestrongandgivebetterappearancethanbatteneddoors.Paneldoorsconsistofverticalmemberscalledstilesandhorizontalmemberscalledrails.Stilesandrailsformtheframeworkintowhichpanelsareinserted.Panelsmaybesolidwood,plywood,particleboardorlouveredorhaveglassinserts.Additionalverticalmemberscalledmullionsareusedtodividethedoorintoanynumberofpanels.PanelDoor-consistsofwoodpanelsheldinplacebywoodstilesandrailspanelsandcanbemadefromsolidwood,plywood,metalorglass.Theyconsistoftwoverticalstilesandhorizontalrailsenclosingthepanels.Thepanelscouldbemadeofplywood,solidtimberorglass.Themoreexpensivetypeofglasspaneldoorisfittedtotheframefirstandthentheglasspanelsareaddedindividually,thismakesthedoorlightertohandlewhenhangingandcheapertoreplaceiftheglassgetsbroken.Dependingonthelocationandusageofthedoor,puttyandbeadingmaybeused,butifthedoorhasawoodfinish,beadingalonewillsuffice.Siliconesealantsarealsoavailableinavarietyoffinishes.Thelockrailissoplacedthatitscentreisataheightof800-900mmfromthebottomoftheshutter.Incaseoftimberpane