新概念英语第二册笔记-第88课

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******Lesson88Trappedinamine困在矿井里【Text】Sixmenhavebeentrappedinamineforseventeenhours.Iftheyarenotbroughttothesurfacesoontheymaylosetheirlives.However,rescueoperationsareprovingdifficult.Ifexplosivesareused,vibrationswillcausetheroofoftheminetocollapse.Rescueworkersarethereforedrillingaholeonthenorthsideofthemine.Theyintendtobringthemenupinaspecialcapsule.Iftherehadnotbeenahardlayerofrockbeneaththesoil,theywouldhavecompletedthejobinafewhours.Asitis,theyhavebeendrillingforsixteenhoursandtheystillhavealongwaytogo.Meanwhile,amicrophone,whichwasloweredintotheminetwohoursago,hasenabledthementokeepintouchwiththeirclosestrelatives.Thoughtheyarerunningoutoffoodanddrink,themenarecheerfulandconfidentthattheywillgetoutsoon.Theyhavebeentoldthatrescueoperationsareprogressingsmoothly.Iftheyknewhowdifficultitwastodrillthroughthehardrock,theywouldloseheart.【课文翻译】6个人被困在矿井里已有17个小时了。如果不把他们尽快救到地面上来,他们就有可能丧生。然而,事实证明营救工作非常困难。如果用炸药爆破,震动会引起矿顶塌落。因此,营救人员在矿井的北侧钻了一个洞。他们准备用一种特制的容器把这6个人救上来。如果不是因为土壤下面有一层坚硬的岩石,他们的营救工作仅用几个小时就可以完成了。实际情况是,他们已连续钻了16个小时了,但离钻透还早着呢。与此同时,两个小时以前放下井去的一只麦克风使井下的人可以与其亲属保持联系。虽然他们的食物和饮料都快消耗尽了,但这些人的心情很好,坚信他们很快就会出去。他们一直被告知营救工作进行得非常顺利。如果他们知道了钻透那坚硬的岩石有多么困难,他们会丧失信心的。Newwordsandexpressions生词和短语trapv.陷入,使陷于困境surfacen.地面,表面explosiven.炸药vibrationn.震动collapsev.坍塌drillv.钻孔capsulen.容器layern.层、层次beneathprep.在......之下lowerv.放下,降低progressv.进展,进行smoothlyadv.顺利地******【生词讲解】1.trap1)v.陷入,使陷于困境eg:Hewastrappedinthegamepreserve.他被困在禁猎区。inthegamepreserve在禁猎区eg:Help!I'mtrapped.Openthedoor!救命啊,我出不来了。开门!eg:Theyweretrappedintheburninghotel.他们被困在着火的旅馆里。2)v.将(某人)诱入圈套、诱骗(某人)trapsbintodoing诱使某人做某事eg:Theytrappedherintomarringhim.他们又骗她嫁给了他。eg:IwastrappedintotellingthepoliceallIknew.我中计了,把所有知道的一切全告诉了警察3)n.(捕鸟、兽等用的)圈套、陷阱abearcaughtinatrap熊陷入陷阱setatrapformouse=setamousetrap设(陷阱);张(罗网);扬(帆),钩住4)n.诡计、圈套、策略eg:Hefellintoatrap.他掉进了陷阱2.surface1)n.地面,表面asmoothsurface光滑的表面2)n.外表、外观lookonlyatthesurfaceofthings只看事情的表面onthesurface表面上的、外观上的friendshiponthesurface表面上的友谊eg:Youlookedsatisfiedonthesurfacethen.那个时候你看起来表面上很满足。3)adj.外表的******surfacedifferences表面上的差异;surfacekindness表面上的好心短语:surfacemail陆(水)路邮件、普通邮件(相反的airmail)sendaletterbysurfacemail寄普通邮件3.explosive1)n.炸药highexplosive强力炸药2)adj.爆发的、爆发性的anexplosivesubstance爆炸物explosionn.1)爆发、爆裂、爆炸声agasexplosion瓦斯爆炸2)爆发anexplosionoflaughter爆发出笑声explodev.1)(炸药、煤气等)爆炸事件eg:Theheatexplodedthecorkedbottle.热气使塞住的瓶子爆炸了。2)(因生气、笑等)使(感情)爆发、(感情)爆发eg:Heexplodedinanger.勃然大怒eg:Hisjealousyexplodedwhenshekissedanotherboy.看她吻了另一个男孩、他醋劲大发。*jealousy[?d?el?si]n.妒忌;猜忌4.vibrationn.震动thevibrationofthetraffic车辆来往产生的振动。vibrate1)v.振动、摇动eg:Hisshouldersvibratedwithanger.他气到双肩颤动。******2)v.受⋯⋯而感动,(心)颤动、惊动eg:Myheartvibratedtothesoulfulpainting.那张充满感情的画感动了我的心灵。5.collapse1)v.坍塌、瓦解、崩溃eg:Theroofcollapsedundertheweightofsnow.雪把房顶压塌了.eg:Theheavyfloodcollapsedthebridge.大洪水使桥梁倒塌了。2)v.(计划、事业等)垮掉、挫败eg:Ourprojectcollapsedbecauseofshortageoffunds.因为资金短缺,我们的计划挫败。3)v.折迭、可折迭eg:Thistablecollapses,soIcanstoreiteasily.这种桌子可以折迭,不用时很容易收藏。collapseatent把帐篷折迭起来6.drill1)v.钻孔drillaholeinthewall在墙上钻个洞drillatooth钻牙齿2)v.训练(某人),反复练习、接受训练drilltroops练兵drillinEnglishpronunciation英语发音练习3)n.锥子、钻孔机anelectricdrill电钻makeaholewithadrill用钻打洞4)n.训练、演练、演习afiredrill消防演习drillinEnglishwords英文单字反复练习7.capsulen.容器、胶囊eg:Heswallowedtwocapsulesatatime.他一下吃了两粒胶囊。******medicine:pill[pil]药丸、powder[?paud?]药粉、tablet[?t?blit]药片、capsule[?k?psju:l]胶囊8.layer1)n.层、一层alayerofclay一层泥*clay[klei]n.粘土,泥土acakewithtwolayers两层蛋2)置放者、砌⋯⋯的人(通常构成复合词)abricklayer泥瓦匠3)下蛋的鸡agoodlayer常下蛋的鸡←→abadlayer不常下蛋的鸡9.beneath1)prep.在......之下(可用已表示接触或未接触时,稍为严谨的表达法,一般多用under)eg:Let’stakearestbeneaththetree.让我们在树下休息。eg:Thegroundbeneathmyfeetwassoft.我脚下的土地松软。2)(地位、价值)较⋯⋯.差的,较⋯⋯不值的的eg:Hisworkisbeneathcontempt.他的行为使人不屑一顾eg:Suchwordsarebeneathyou.说这些话有些失你身份。10.lower1)v.放低(高度、位置),降低eg:Sheloweredhereyes.他垂下眼睛。loweraflag降旗;lowerthesails降帆lowerthewaterinthecanal降低运河中的水位******2)v.降低(价格、数量、程度、声音等)lowertherentofahouse降低房租;lowerone’svoice压低声音theLowerHouse(两院治的)下议院theHouseofRepresentatives(美)众议院theHouseofCommons(英)下议院theUpperHouse上议院11.progress1)[?pr??gres]v.进展,进行eg:Wearenowprogressingsteadilywithourwork我们现在工作进展顺利。2)v.进步、上进eg:Youhaveprogressedquicklyinmathematics.你在数学上进步迅速。1)n.[?pr?ugres]前进、进行makeswiftprogresstowardthedestination朝目的地迅速前进。makeslowprogresstowardthedestination朝目的地缓慢前进。2)n.进步theprogressofmedicine医药的进步12.smoothlyadv.顺利地、平滑地gosmoothly进展顺利eg:Theescalatordidn’toperatesmoothly.自动扶梯没有顺利运作*escalator[?esk?leit?]n.自动扶梯*operate[??p?reit]vi.运转;动手术;起作用vt.操作;经营smooth1)adj.平滑的、顺利的(反义词rough)asmoothskin光滑的皮肤;asmoothroad顺畅的道路eg:Hiseffortsmadethesmoothpassageofthebillpossible.他的努力使该法案得以顺利通过。2)adj.口齿伶俐的asmoothtalker一个能说会道的人3)adj.温和的eg:Heissmoothinhismanners.他举止彬彬有礼。******4)v.使平滑(坦)smoothoutatablecloth铺平桌布eg:Don’tforgettosmoothdowntheboardbeforeyoupaintit.在刷油漆之前别忘了把木料打磨光滑。【课文讲解】13.Sixmenhavebeentrappedinamineforseventeenhours.※betrappedinamine被困在矿井2)mine矿井,巷道,水雷amineofinformationabout/onsb/sth知识的宝库;信息的源泉eg:Mygrandmotherisamineofinformationaboutourfamily'shistory我的祖母是我们家史的资料库。agoldmine金矿;workinamine在矿场工作14.Iftheyarenotbroughttothesurfacesoontheymaylosetheirlives.※bebrou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