2016-英语专四听力讲座原文和题目

2016TEM4Mini-Lecturetext：WhatisGrit?Goodafternoon,everyone.Today,Iwouldliketotalkaboutmyresearchprojectconcerningthekeytosuccess.Iwouldliketostartmytopicwithmyownstory.WhenIwas27yearsold,Ileftaverydemandingjob:teachingseventhgradersmathintheNewYorkCitypublicschools.Andlikeanyteacher,Imadequizzesandtests.Igaveouthomeworkassignments.Whentheworkcameback,Icalculatedgrades.WhatstruckmewasthatIQwasnottheonlydifferencebetweenmybestandmyworststudents.SomeofmystrongestperformersdidnothavesuperIQscores.Someofmysmartestkidsweren'tdoingsowell.ThenIfeltveryinterestedinknowingthereasonwhythestudents'mathperformanceisnotthatcloselyrelatedtotheirIQscores.[2]Istartedstudyingkidsandadultsinallkindsofchallengingsettings,andineverystudy[1]myquestionwas,whoissuccessfulhereandwhy?MyresearchteamandIwenttoWestPointMilitaryAcademy.Wetriedtopredictwhichstudentswouldstayinmilitarytrainingandwhichwoulddropout.[3]WewenttotheNationalSpellingContestandtriedtopredictwhichchildrenwouldadvancefarthestincompetition.Weworkedwithprivatecompanies,asking,whichofthesesalespeopleisgoingtokeeptheirjobs?Andwho'sgoingtoearnthemostmoney?Wewenttomanyplaces,andfinallyonecharacteristicemergedasasignificantpredictorofsuccess.Anditwasn'tsocialintelligence.Itwasn'tgoodlooks,physicalhealth,anditwasn'tIQ.Itwasgrit.Whatisgrit?Well,[4]gritispassionandperseveranceforverylong-termgoals.Gritisstickingwithyourfuture,dayin,dayout,notjustfortheweek,notjustforthemonth,butforyears,[5]andworkingreallyhardtomakethatfutureareality.[6]Gritislivinglifelikeit'samarathon,notasprint.Afewyearsago,IstartedstudyinggritintheChicagopublicschools.Iaskedthousandsofhighschooljuniorstotakegritquestionnaires,andthenwaitedaroundmorethanayeartoseewhowouldgraduate.[7]Itturnedoutthatgrittierkidsweresignificantlymorelikelytograduate,evenwhenImatchedthemoneverycharacteristicIcouldmeasure,thingslikefamilyincome,testscoresandsoon.Tome,themostshockingthingaboutgritishowlittleweknow,howlittlescienceknowsaboutbuildingit.Everyday,parentsandteachersaskme”HowdoIbuildgritinkids?HowdoIkeepthemmotivatedforthelongrun?Ourdatashowveryclearlythattherearemanytalentedindividualswhosimplydonotfollowthroughontheircommitments.[8]Infact,inourdata,gritisusuallyunrelatedoreveninverselyrelatedtomeasuresoftalent.Sofar,thebestideaI'veheardaboutbuildinggritinkidsissomethingcalledgrowthmindset.[9]Growthmindsetisthebeliefthattheabilitytolearnisnotfixed,thatitcanchangewithyoureffort.[10]Kidswithgritaremuchmorelikelytoperseverewhentheyfail,becausetheydon'tbelievethatfailureisapermanentcondition.Sogrowthmindsetisagreatideaforbuildinggrit.Butweneedmore.Andthat'swhereI'mgoingtoendmyremarks,becausethat'swhereweare.That'stheworkthatstandsbeforeus.Wehavetobewillingtofail,tobewrong,tostartoveragainwithlessonslearned.Asaconclusion,weneedtobegrittyaboutgettingourkidsgrittier.Nesttime,Iwouldliketosharewithmyexperienceinbuildingupstudents’grit.2016TEM4Mini-Lecturetask：MyquestionWhyisn’tIQtheonlydifferencebetweensituations?Whatisthekeyto(1)_____?MyresearchInvestigationofallkindsof(2)_____,including:-WestPointMilitaryAcademy-(3)_____-PrivatecompaniesMyfinding:gritaspredictorofsuccessGritis(4)_____forverylong-termgoals.Gritisworkinghardforyearstomake(5)_____Gritislivingyourlifelikea(6)_____Mysurveyhighschooljuniorstookgritquestionnaires(7)_____kidsweremorelikelytograduateGrit-buildinglittleisknownabouthowtobuildgritinstudentsdatehowgritisunrelatedto(8)_____growthmindsetisthebeliefthattheabilitytolearnis(9)_____kidswithgritbelievefailureis(10)_____ConclusionWeneedtobegrittyaboutgettingourkidsgrittier.