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Unit5languagepointsUnit5languagepointsadvise1)advisesb.onsth.就……给某人出主意TheEnglishteacheradvisesusonhowtolearnEnglishwell.2)advisedoingsthThedoctoradvisedtakingmoreexercise.3)advisesb.todosth.Ourmonitor___________________morespokenEnglishandlistening.4)advise的名词advice，是不可数名词apieceofadvicegivesb.adviceon…(furniture,information,equipment)不可数名词advisesmetopractiseguidance(n.)指导，引导guide(v)undersb’sguidance=undertheguidanceofsb在某人的指导下Youshoulddoitunderhisguidance.guidanceonsth对某事的指导That’sguidanceforteachersonhowtousevideosinclass.6.beoutofwork=loseone’sjob=beunemployed失业outofbreathoutoforderoutofcontroloutofdangeroutofsightoutoffashionoutofdate上气不接下气出故障了失控了脱离危险了看不见了不流行过时hopeful(adj)抱有希望的，满怀希望的behopefulaboutsth对…满怀希望behopefulofdoingsth希望做某事Heisnotveryhopefulabouttheresultoftheinterview.Sheishopefulofreturningtoworksoon.英语习惯上不能说hopesbtodosth(×)，要表示类似意思，通常后接that从句。如：史密斯先生希望他所有的学生都能考上大学。误：MrSmithhopesallofhisstudentstopassthecollegeentranceexaminations.正：MrSmithhopesthatallofhisstudentscanpassthecollegeentranceexaminations.hopetodosth希望做某事Ihopetopassthefinalexam.see在此句意为“见证，目睹”，主语常为时间:Thelastfewmonthshaveseenmoreandmoretrafficaccidents.Yesterdaysawaterriblecaraccidentinfrontofourschool.3Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumbersoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress…stopsb./sth.(from)doingsth.制止（防止）某人/某物作某事preventsb./sth.(from)doingsth.keepsb./sth.fromdoingsth.（这里的from不能省略）Whatcanstopme(from)goingifIwanttogo?Theheavyrainkeptusfromgoingout.2encouragesb.todosth.sb.bediscouragedThebadnewsdiscouragesusfromdoingseaside.3beproudtodosth.beproudofsth.takeprideinI____________beamemberofthisorganization.We____________oursuccess.amproudtoareproudof8.vote投票,表决votesb投某人的票voteonsth对某事进行投票表决votetodosth表决做某事votefor/against投票支持/反对Let’svoteonit.It’scertainthatIwillvoteforit.Hehasrighttovoteagainstit.We’llvotetodecidewhethertocarryouttheplan.9.attack(n,v)袭击，攻击underattack受到攻击，遭到袭击Thecitycameunderattackduringthenight.makeanattackon/upon对…发起进攻beattackedwith患病Heisverysadbecausehismotherisattackedwithcancer.Theenemyattackedusatnight.onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.only+状语置于句首时，句子要局部/部分倒装：Onlyafterthelessondidsheunderstandit.OnlyrecentlyhaveIthoughtofthem.如果only引导主语就不用倒装：Onlysomeofthechildrenunderstoodit.blowupAballoonexpandswhenitisblownup.Thegovernmentbuildingswereblownup.achieve完成，达到achievement(n)成就achieveone'sdream实现某人就的梦想Istudyhardtochievemydreamofgoingtouniversity.使充气，爆炸，炸毁充气炸毁12.equaladjbeequalto等于多少,与…相等beequalwithsb是与某人平等TomisequaltoJohninheight.Therichareequalwiththepoor.相等的Hehasgotinto/isintrouble.Wemusthelphim.It’sunkindtolaughatapersonwhoisintrouble.beintrouble有麻烦，处于不幸中补充:maketrouble制造麻烦havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困getintotrouble陷入困境willingadj乐意的，自愿的willn意志，意志力，意愿bewillingtodosth愿意做某事I’mverywillingtovotefortheplan.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.turnto求助于，致力于Youcanturntothepeople’spoliceforhelp,nomatterwhatkindoftroubleyouarein.turnto中的to为介词，因此其后跟名词，代词，或动名词。turnaround扭转turnin上交turndown调低声音等，决绝turnup调高声音等,出现，到场turnover翻转turnout结果是，证明是turnon打开（水，电灯/电视等）turnoff关掉