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1Unit1Friendship课堂笔记1、Yourfriendcomestoschoolveryupset.你的朋友来上学时心情很不好。upset既可以作动词又可以作形容词，在此处是形容词，作补语，用来补充形容主语yourfriend来学校时的心情。①Thefarmercamebackhometiredandhungry.那个农民回家时又累又饿。tiredandhungry修饰主语thefarmer②Don'tmarryyoung.不要早婚。young补充修饰省去的主语you③Whohasleftthedooropen?谁把门敞开的？open是形容词，补充修饰宾语thedoor④Ican'tdrinkithot.这东西热的我不能喝。hot作补语，修饰宾语it2、Youwilltellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthim/herbutyouhavetogotoclass.你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他（或她），但是你得去上课。beconcernedabout为……担心；关心；关注。①Thefamilyareallconcernedabouthersafety.（beconcernedabout=beworriedabout）全家人对她的安全十分担心。②Whyisshesoconcernedaboutthegame?（beconcernedabout=beinterestedin）她为什么对这场比赛这么关注（重视）？3、Shesaid,“Idon'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiarylikemostpeopledo，butIwantthisdiaryitselftobemyfriend，andIshallcallmyfriendKitty”她说，“我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账，我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把这个朋友称作基蒂。”setdown放下=putdownsetdown记下=writedown=takedown=putdown①Heenteredthehouse,setdownhisheavybag,andaskedforsomewatertodrink.他进了屋子，放下沉重的口袋，向人要点水喝。②HespoketoofastandIcouldn'tsetdownwhathesaid.他讲得很快，我记不下来他所讲的内容。4、Iwonderifit'sbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。此处的it'sbecause...that...是强调句型，意为“因为……所以……”①Itwasbecausehewaslateagainthathisteacherscoldedhim.2因为他再次迟到，所以老师责备了他。②It'sallbecausehestudieshardthathedoeswellineverysubject.完全是因为他学习努力，所以他各门功课成绩优秀。在itis之后表原因的从句中，because不能由since和as替换。Whyisn'tJanespeakingtomethesedays?简这几天为什么不理我？Itwasbecauseyouspokeillofherbehindherback.那是因为你背后说了她的坏话。reasonn.理由，原因构成句型Thereasonwhy...isthat...构成短语thereasonforsth/todo和forthe(some)reasonThere’snoreasonforthat.那事没有什么理由inorderto=soastoeg:Hewenttotowninordertosellthepainting.Hewenttotownsoastosellthepainting.=Hewenttotowninorderthathecouldsellthepainting.注意:inorderto与soasto相同点:to前加not.即inordernotto/soasnotto不同点:inorderto引导的不定式短语可以放在句首，也可以置于句中，soasto则只能位于句中。5、Butthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididn'tdareopenawindow.但是因为月亮太亮了，我不敢打开窗子。far经常与too或形容词的比较级连用，意为“过于；……得多”。①I'mafraidthisbusisfartoocrowdedthanthatone.（=muchtoocrowded）恐怕这辆班车比那辆拥挤得多。②ThenecklacewasfarmoreexpensivethanIexpected.（=muchmoreexpensive）项链比我预料的昂贵得多。注意：muchtoo之后接形容词或副词，muchtoodifficult困难得多toomuch之后接不可数名词，toomuchwater太多的水6、Anothertimemonthsago,Ihappenedtobeupstairsoneeveningwhenthewindowwasopen.有一次，就在几个月前的一天晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的。happentodo恰巧；碰巧；偶然（做某事）①WhenIcamebackhomemymotherhappenedtobeasleep.我回家的时候，妈妈碰巧在睡觉。②Thepolicehappenedtonoticehimwhenthethiefwasjustabouttorunaway.小偷正要逃跑，这时刚好警察瞧见了。7、Thedark,rainyevening,thewind,thethunderingcloudsheldmeentirelyintheirpower.ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI'dseenthenightfacetoface.3漆黑的夜晚，狂风暴雨，雷电交加，我全然被这种力量镇住了，这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。It'sthefirst/second/lasttime...that...某人第一/二/最后一次做某事，在这个句型中that之后的时态常用完成时态。①It'sthesecondtimethatIhavevisitedyourcompany.我是第二次来拜访你们公司。②Itwasthethirdtimethatshehadcomeintothismountainvillagetoseethechildren.这是她第三次来到这个山村看望这些孩子。8、JewswerecaughtbyNazisandputaway.犹太人被纳粹兵抓住并关押起来。putaway把……起来；把……放好①Ifyoudon'tusethedictionary,putitaway.如果不用字典，就把它放好。②Hebrokethelawandwasputaway.他犯法了，因此被关起来了。语法：间接引语1、技巧点拨：间接引语同宾从，“四变”“一加”记心中。直接引语变为间接引语时，要记住“四变”“一加”：一变人称、二变语序、三变时态、四变指示代词或时间状语；一般疑问句变为间接引语时，要加连词if或whether.2、练习：运用以上技巧做练习：①“Idon'tknowtheaddressofmynewhome,”SaidAnne.Annesaidthatshedidn'tknowtheaddressofhernewhome.②“Areyouveryhotwithsomanyclotheson?”Mumsaidtoher.Mumaskedherif/whethershewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson.③“Ididsomehomeworkyesterday,”Tomsaid.Tomsaidthathehaddonesomehomeworkthedaybefore.④“Wearegoingtoseeafilmthisevening,”MarysaidtoherroommateslastSunday.Marysaidthattheyweregoingtoseeafilmthatevening.⑤“WhatdidyoudolastSunday?”Fatheraskedme.FatheraskedmewhatIhaddonetheSundaybefore.⑥“WillyoucomeherenextMonday?”myfriendaskedme.Myfriendaskedmeif/whetherIwouldgotherethenextMonday.变化规律见课本P88重点词汇1、add,add...to,addto,addup,addupto①add增加添加补充说add...to把……添加到……去；addto增添“Don'taddthesugartomytea，”sheadded.“不要把这些糖加到我的茶里面”，她补充道。4Ourcomingaddedyourtrouble.我们的到来增添了你的麻烦。（=increase）②addup加起来；addupto加起来总共（up是副词，to是介词，接宾语）Thenumberofthestudentsofourschooladdsupto3000.我们学校的学生数加起来共3000人。Thesenumbersmustbeaddedupassoonaspossible.这些数字应尽快加起来。2、upsetvt.&vi.adj.calmvt.&vi.adj.concernvt.n.cheatvt.&vi.n.sharevt.n.trustvt.n.pointvt.n.listvt.列表；n.名单；表格共同点：这些词既可以作动词，又可以作名词或形容词。①Look,thecheatischeatingatthegateofthepark.看，那个骗子又在公园门口行骗。②Thenewsquiteupsethimandheisupsetnow.（upset-upset-upset）这个信息使他心烦意乱，他现在很苦恼。③Sheisn'tcalmthoughwetriedtocalmheragainandagain.她仍然平静不下来，尽管我们再三试图使她镇静。④Whathesaiddoesn'tconcernme,butwhatshesaidhasaconcernwithme.他说的与我毫无关系，但她讲的倒是牵涉到我。⑤Heisn'tamantobetrusted.Atleastwethreedon'ttrusthim.他不是一个可以信赖的人，至少我们三个人都不相信他。⑥I'lltake（bear）myshareoftheexpenses.Thatis,I'llsharewithyouintheexpenses.我将负担我那部分费用，也就是说，我和你分担这些费用。3、havegotto（A.E）=haveto不得不；必须havegot（A.E）=have有①Thetrainisleaving.Wehaveto/havegottohurry.（因客观条件，自己不得不干某事）火车就要出发了。我们必须快点。②Thetrainisleaving.Youmusthurry.（他人要求，外界要求某人干某事）火车就要出发了。你们必须快点。③I'mquitehungrynow.Haveyouanythingtoeat?=I'mquitehungrynow.Haveyougotanythingtoeat?=I'mquitehungrynow.Doyouhaveanythingtoeat?我饿坏了，有什么吃的吗？4、gothrough①toexaminec