中考定语从句

第页1分析句子成分，找出每句话的定语1、Ihaveanewbike.2、Thisisthemostbeautifulcity.3、Theyarementeachers.4、Thereissomethingtoeat.5、Isawaninterestingfilmyesterday.▲定语的定义：请看下面的句子：Iwanttoknowtheboywhoisthetallest.（一）概念:定语从句：先行词：关系词：（二）定语从句的分类Ⅰ、限定性定语从句：e.g:Thisisthebookthat/whichIwant.Ⅱ、非限定性定语从句：e.g:Mr.Green，whoiswatchingTV，ismyuncle.（三）(限定性)定语从句的结构Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.(四）、定语从句的实质：Maryisagirl.合并为一个句子Shehaslonghair.思路：请把下列句子二句合一第页22.Thegirlishappy.Shewontherace3.Themancalledthepolice.Heisateacher.4.Ihappenedtomeettheprofessor.Igottoknowtheprofessorataparty.5.Shewasnotonthetrain.Thetrainarrivedjustnow.了解主句和从句，以及先行词在主句中的成分，关系代词在从句中的成分★1.Thepolicemanhavefoundthegirl.Thegirlhaslonghair2.Mymotherisfindingatoy.Sheboughtmeatoyyesterday.3.Tonygavemeapen.Thepenwasmadeofmetal.★1.Thecatiswhite.Thecatisplayingwithmysister.2.Thewomanismymother.Youtalkedtothewomanyesterday.3.ThegirltaughtmeEnglish.Thegirlhadfinishedhomework.观察以上六个例句，可得出that引导定语从句先行词的情况：想想关系代词可以被哪个词替换：（一）1.Thepolicemanhavefoundthegirlthathaslonghair.2.Thewomanthatyoutalkedtoyesterdayismymother.3.ThegirlthathadfinishedhomeworktaughtmeEnglish.（二）1.ThemountainisMountHuangthatisinAnhuiprovince.2.Thetownthathelivesinisfarfromhere.3.Herfatherboughtheraskirtthatcost100yuan.4.IhaveanMP3thatismadeinDalian.5.TonyislookingforthephotosthathisfathertookinBeijing.第页3得出的结论：1.当先行词是人时2.当先行词是物时3.that所引导的定语从句（五）定语从句关系词的确定:1.先行词做主语人：物：2.先行词做宾语人：物：▲用that不用which情况1.Hedideverythingthathecouldtohelpus.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.InthisfactoryIfoundlittlethatwasdifferentfromours.2.Allthethingsthatwecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.ThisistheverybookthatIwant.MusicistheOnlythingthatinterestsme.3.That’sthemostexpensivehotelthatwe’veeverstayedin.Thefirstthingthatweshoulddonowistofindalocalguide.4.Theguestsspokehighlyofthechildrenandtheirperformancethattheysawyesterday.Shedescribedinhercompositionthepeopleandplacesthatinterestedhermost.5.Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicscan’tjoinelectricwires.▲用which不用that情况1.ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivehasbecomeaclothesshop.ThepenwithwhichyouarewritingisJeff’s.2.What’sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow?Idon’tlikethatwhichhedid.3.SShheehhaassttwwooddoollllss，，wwhhiicchhaarreeffrroommhheerrppaarreennttss第页4小结：关系词判断步骤首先，要辨别出先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系词可能就用who,that，whom。如果先行词指物,关系词可能用which或that然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词主语宾语定语人物关系代词在定语从句中的三大作用：巩固练习：用适当代关系词填空1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.4.Thereissomebody______wantstoseeyou.5.Doyouremembertheday______hejoinedthearmy?6.Theman______calledroundthismorninghadafunnyface.7.Those______wanttospendtheirholidaysinavillagemaygowithustomorrowmorning.8.Idon’tlikethehouse______helivesin.9.TheThirteenLesson______wearegoingtolearnisverydifficult.10.Didyouunderstandall______youreadinthatbook?11.Itisthemostinterestingstory______Ihavereadtwice.12.Thisisthehouse______Jackbuilt.(六）、定语从句中的时态TheprofessorwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.TheprofessorwhoisvisitingourschoolnowisfromCanada.TheprofessorwhowillvisitourschooltomorrowisfromCanada.(七）定语从句中的主谓一致Iamnottheonewho(be)afraidofdifficulty.Iknowthegirlwho(be)fromChina.Iknowtheboyswho(be)fromChina.Thatisoneofthemostexpensivedictionariesthat(have)comeoutinrecentyears.【定语从句中考真题演练】1、Therearelotsofthings______Ineedtopreparebeforethetrip.(河北省卷)A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whose第页52、Jimdislikespeople_______talkmuchbutneverdoanything.（吉林省通化市）A.whomB.whenC.whoseD.who3、—IhearSamhasgonetoQiandiaoforhisholiday.（江苏省南京市）--Oh,hownice!Doyouknowwhenhe_______?A.leftB.wasleavingC.hasleftD.hadleft4、Wearetryingtohelpthosechildren____losttheirparentsinYushu,QinghaiProvince.(浙江省衢州市)A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whose5、Doyouknowthegirl_______issingingintheclassroom?(湖南长沙)A.whoB.whichC.when6、—ThevolunteersaredoingagreatjobinYushu.（江苏省扬州市）--Yes.Theyarehelpingthepeople______aresufferingfromtheearthquake.A.whichB.whatC./D.who7、Haveyoufoundtheanswertothequestion______Iaskedyouthismorning?（四川省成都市）A.whenB.whatC.that8、Friendsarethose____makeyousmile，alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceed.（河南省）AwhichBwhatCwhomDwho9、IbegantoworkinShanghaiintheyear_____HongKongwasreturnedtoChina.（湖北省十堰市）A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when10、Thisistheschool_______Istudiedthreeyearsago.（山东省菏泽市）A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which11、—Whatdoyouusuallydoinyourleisuretime?（黑龙江省哈尔滨市）—Ienjoyreadinginthelibrary____________Ilosemyselfinaworldofgoodbooks.A.whichB.thatC.where12、—Thevillage_________Ivisitedlastyearhaschangedalot.（福建省福州市）--Really?Ihopetogothereonday.A.thatB.whoC.when13、Thisismybeautifulschool_______isnearthefamouslibrary.（广西省桂林市）A.whereB.whichC.whoD.when14、Theoldwoman______iswearingapairofglasses______Mrs.Black.（黑龙江省鸡西市）A.which,areB.who,areC.who,is15、Doyoulikemusic_______makesyourelaxed?（广西省定西市）A.itB.whatC.whoD.that