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过去完成时GrammarFocus2.表示过去某一时刻或动作之前已发生或完成的动作或呈现的状态。也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。1.PastperfectTense过去完成时构成：had＋过去分词过去完成时态的用法：1.常由by或before,when引导的短语或从句做时间状语或时间状语从句by到……时候为止bytheendoflastweek到上周末为止bythattime到那时为止beforethatyear那年之前beforeIarrived在我到达之前①Bytheendoflastyear,IhadlearnedaboutonethousandEnglishwords.②WhenIgotthere,theyhadalreadyleft.2、常用在宾语从句中①Hetoldmehehadalreadyfinishedhishomework.②Irealizedhehadfooledmeagain3、体现在上下文中Ididn’tgotothemoviesyesterdaybecauseIhadseenittwice.6:007:00现在BythetimeIgotup,mysisterhadalreadywashedalltheclothes.Bythetimemymomcamebackhome,Ihadcleaneduptheyard.Igothomenow9:00pm8:00pmMylittlebrotherwenttobedBythetimeIgothome,mylittlebrotherhadgonetobed.Igottoschoolnow8:158:00amTheteachercameintotheclassroomBythetimeIgottoschool,theteacherhadcomeintotheclassroomBythetimeshegotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.Bythetimeshegotoutside,thebushadalreadyleft.她出去的时候，公共汽车已经开走了。Bythetime…到……的时候为止后接过去时的句子时,主语的谓语动词用过去完成时态。(1)ShesaidshehadtaughtEnglishfor6years.(2)BythetimeIgottoLondon,shehadgonetoAmerica.表示过去某时之前发生的动作。现在完成时:主语+have/hasdone过去完成时:主语+haddone•1.Shehadwrittenanumberofbooks_____theendoflastyear.•A.forB.inC.byD.at•2.He____toplay____beforehewas11yearsold.•A.hadlearned,pianoB.hadlearned,thepiano•C.haslearned,thepianoD.learns,piano.•3.What______Annie____bythetimehewasten?•A.did,doB.did,didC.has,doneD.haddone•4.He___inthefactoryforthreeyearsbeforehejoinedtheArmy.•A.hasworkedB.works•C.hadworkedD.willwork•5.Bytheendoflastweek,they___thebridge.•A.hascompletedB.completed•C.willcompleteD.hadcompleted•6.I______900EnglishwordsbythetimeIwasten。•A.learnedB.waslearning•C.hadlearnedD.learnt•7.She______livedherefor______years.•A.had,alittleB.have,alittle•C.had,muchD.has,agreatnumberof•8.Bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday,I_____thedinneralready.•AhadcookedB.cooked•C.havecookedD.wascooked1.We___________(learn)twothousandwordsbythetimeIwenttoMiddleSchool.2.IhimwhenIwasastudent.(know)3.Whenwe_______(arrive)atthestation,they_________(wait)formorethantwentyminutes.4.Oneofthemendidn’tmove,becausehe__________(break)hislegs.hadlearnedarrivedhadwaitedhadknownhadbrokenBythetimeIgotoutside,thebus____already___.hadleftWhenIgottoschool,IrealizedI______mybackpackathome.hadleftTranslation1.我到家时她已经睡了。BythetimeIgothome,shehadalreadygonetobed.2.到晚上时消息已传遍全球。Bytheeveningthenewshadspreadthroughtheworld.3.他走以后我找到了那封信。Ifoundtheletterafterhehadgoneaway.Wereachedthecinemalate.Thefilmhadalreadybegun.4.我们到电影院晚了,电影已经开始了。