Macroeconomics宏经计算题

1ACTIVELEARNING2:ComputingGDP1Usetheabovedatatosolvetheseproblems:A.ComputenominalGDPin2004.B.ComputerealGDPin2005.C.ComputetheGDPdeflatorin2006.2004(baseyr)20052006PQPQPQgoodA$30900$311,000$361050goodB$100192$102200$1002052ACTIVELEARNING2:Answers2A.ComputenominalGDPin2004.$30x900+$100x192=$46,200B.ComputerealGDPin2005.$30x1000+$100x200=$50,0002004(baseyr)20052006PQPQPQgoodA$30900$311,000$361050goodB$100192$102200$1002053ACTIVELEARNING2:Answers3C.ComputetheGDPdeflatorin2006.NomGDP=$36x1050+$100x205=$58,300RealGDP=$30x1050+$100x205=$52,000GDPdeflator=100x(NomGDP)/(RealGDP)=100x($58,300)/($52,000)=112.12004(baseyr)20052006PQPQPQgoodA$30900$311,000$361050goodB$100192$102200$100205ACTIVELEARNING1:CalculatetheCPI4CPIbasket:{10lbsbeef,20lbschicken}TheCPIbasketcost$120in2004,thebaseyear.A.ComputetheCPIin2005.B.WhatwastheCPIinflationratefrom2005-2006?priceofbeefpriceofchicken2004$4$42005$5$52006$9$6ACTIVELEARNING1:Answers5beefchicken2004$4$42005$5$52006$9$6A.ComputetheCPIin2005:CostofCPIbasketin2005=($5x10)+($5x20)=$150CPIin2005=100x($150/$120)=125CPIbasket:{10lbsbeef,20lbschicken}TheCPIbasketcost$120in2004,thebaseyear.ACTIVELEARNING1:Answers6beefchicken2004$4$42005$5$52006$9$6CPIbasket:{10lbsbeef,20lbschicken}TheCPIbasketcost$120in2004,thebaseyear.B.Whatwastheinflationratefrom2005-2006?CostofCPIbasketin2006=($9x10)+($6x20)=$210CPIin2006=100x($210/$120)=175CPIinflationrate=(175–125)/125=40%ACTIVELEARNING2:Substitutionbias7CPIbasket:{10lbsbeef,20lbschik}2004-5:HouseholdsboughtCPIbasket.2006:Householdsbought{5lbsbeef,25lbschik}.A.Computecostofthe2006householdbasket.B.Compute%increaseincostofhouseholdbasketover2005-6,comparetoCPIinflationrate.beefchickencostofCPIbasket2004$4$4$1202005$5$5$1502006$9$6$210ACTIVELEARNING2:Answers8CPIbasket:{10lbsbeef,20lbschik}Householdbasketin2006:{5lbsbeef,25lbschik}beefchickencostofCPIbasket2004$4$4$1202005$5$5$1502006$9$6$210A.Computecostofthe2006householdbasket.($9x5)+($6x25)=$195ACTIVELEARNING2:Answers9CPIbasket:{10lbsbeef,20lbschik}Householdbasketin2006:{5lbsbeef,25lbschik}B.Compute%increaseincostofhouseholdbasketover2005-6,comparetoCPIinflationrate.Rateofincrease:($195–$150)/$150=30%CPIinflationratefrompreviousproblem=40%beefchickencostofCPIbasket2004$4$4$1202005$5$5$1502006$9$6$210ACTIVELEARNING4:Exercise1980:CPI=90,avgstartingsalaryforeconmajors=$24,000Today:CPI=180,avgstartingsalaryforeconmajors=$50,000Areeconmajorsbetterofftodayorin1980?10ACTIVELEARNING4:Answers11SolutionConvert1980salaryinto“today’sdollars”$24,000x(180/90)=$48,000.Afteradjustingforinflation,salaryishighertodaythanin1980.1980:CPI=90,avgstartingsalaryforeconmajors=$24,000Today:CPI=180,avgstartingsalaryforeconmajors=$50,00012ACTIVELEARNING1:ExerciseSupposeGDPequals$10trillion,consumptionequals$6.5trillion,thegovernmentspends$2trillionandhasabudgetdeficitof$300billion.Findpublicsaving,taxes,privatesaving,nationalsaving,andinvestment.1213ACTIVELEARNING1:AnswersGiven:Y=10.0,C=6.5,G=2.0,G–T=0.3Publicsaving=T–G=–0.3Taxes:T=G–0.3=1.7Privatesaving=Y–T–C=10–1.7–6.5=1.8Nationalsaving=Y–C–G=10–6.5–2=1.5Investment=nationalsaving=1.51314ACTIVELEARNING1B:ExerciseNowsupposethegovernmentcutstaxesby$200billion.Ineachofthefollowingtwoscenarios,determinewhathappenstopublicsaving,privatesaving,nationalsaving,andinvestment.1.Consumerssavethefullproceedsofthetaxcut.2.Consumerssave1/4ofthetaxcutandspendtheother3/4.1415ACTIVELEARNING1B:AnswersInbothscenarios,publicsavingfallsby$200billion,andthebudgetdeficitrisesfrom$300billionto$500billion.1.Ifconsumerssavethefull$200billion,nationalsavingisunchanged,soinvestmentisunchanged.2.Ifconsumerssave$50billionandspend$150billion,thennationalsavingandinvestmenteachfallby$150billion.1516ACTIVELEARNING1:CalculatelaborforcestatisticsComputethelaborforce,u-rate,adultpopulation,andlaborforceparticipationrateusingthisdata:16AdultpopulationoftheU.S.bygroup,March2008#ofemployed146.0million#ofunemployed7.8millionnotinlaborforce79.2million17ACTIVELEARNING1:AnswersLaborforce=employed+unemployed=146.0+7.8=153.8millionU-rate=100x(unemployed)/(laborforce)=100x7.8/153.8=5.1%1718ACTIVELEARNING1:AnswersPopulation=laborforce+notinlaborforce=153.8+79.2=233.0LFpartic.rate=100x(laborforce)/(population)=100x153.8/233.0=66.0%1819ACTIVELEARNING1:ExerciseWhilecleaningyourapartment,youlookunderthesofacushionfinda$50bill(andahalf-eatentaco).Youdepositthebillinyourcheckingaccount.TheFed’sreserverequirementis20%ofdeposits.19A.Whatisthemaximumamountthatthemoneysupplycouldincrease?B.Whatistheminimumamountthatthemoneysupplycouldincrease?20ACTIVELEARNING1:AnswersIfbanksholdnoexcessreserves,thenmoneymultiplier=1/R=1/0.2=5Themaximumpossibleincreaseindepositsis5x$50=$250Butmoneysupplyalsoincludescurrency,whichfallsby$50.Hence,maxincreaseinmoneysupply=$200.20Youdeposit$50inyourcheckingaccount.A.Whatisthemaximumamountthatthemoneysupplycouldincrease?21ACTIVELEARNING1:AnswersAnswer:$0Ifyourbankmakesnoloansfromyourdeposit,currencyfallsby$50,depositsincreaseby$50,moneysupplyremainsunchanged.21Youdeposit$50inyourcheckingaccount.A.