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中考定语从句考点【考点诠释】在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫做关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose）或关系副词(when,where)，关系代词和关系副词放在先行词与定语从句之间，起联系的作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。一、考查以that与which引导的定语从句当先行词指物时，关系代词用that或which，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。Iliketheblackshirt____isontheshelf（作主语）Iamlookingforthebook____Iboughtyesterday.（作宾语）1．通常只能用that的情况1当先行词是不定代词a11/few/little/much/something/anything/nothing/everything等时。2）先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11，any，every，each，few，little，no，some，theonly．thevery．thelast等修饰时。3）如果先行词既指人又指物，应用关系代词that。Hetoldusallthethings_____happenedyesterday.2．通常只用which的情况当关系代词前使用介词时，只能用which,不能用that.即：介词+which：ThisisthetrainbywhichwewenttoBeijing.Thisisanoldhousethat/whichIlivedintwoyearsago.ThisisanoldhouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.Ilikethemovieabout_______theyaretaking.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose二、考查以who，whom与whose引导的定语从句(1)如果先行词是指人时，在定语从句中作主语用who或that，作宾语用who或that或whom.【考例:Doyouknowtheman_______istakingwithourteacher.Doyouknowtheman_______ourteacher.istakingwith[广东省]Theman_________gaveusatalkonscienceyesterdayisafamousscientist.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom--Doyouknowtheman__isrunningalongthestreet?--Yes.HeisourEnglishteacher.[长沙市]A.whoB.whichC.whom（2）如果定语从句前出现介词也只能用whom而不用who即：介词+whomDoyouknowthemanwith_______ourteacher.istakingA.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom(3)在定语从句中，作定语的关系代词只能用whose，它相当于of+which／whom；Mymotheristakingwithagirl______nameisAlice.Ilikethemovie_______nameis“Titannic”三、考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句2、当先行词虽然表示时间、地点或原因，关系词在从句中作状语时，用when,where或why,它们相当于“介词+which，其中where=in／at+which；when=at／in／during+which；why=for+which。做主语或宾语时而应用that或which.如：Hangzhouisacitywherethereisabeautifullake.(作状语)Hangzhouisacitythat/whichhasabeautifullake.(作主语)I’llneverforgettheday_when_IfirstcametoBeijing.(作状语)I’llneverforgetthedaythat/which__wespenttogether.(作及物动词spend的宾语)（2010菏泽中考）Thisistheschool________Istudiedthreeyearsago.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.whichThisistheschool________Istudiedinthreeyearsago.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which（2011菏泽中考）I’llneverforgettheday_________thegreatscientistcametoourschoolandgaveusaspeech.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where(哈尔滨市)Iwillneverforgetthedays__Ispentwithmydearestfriend.A.thatB.whenC.who定语从句中考真题练习1.(2010.河北中考)TherearelotsofthingsIneedtopreparebeforethetrip.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whose2.（2011.自贡中考）Jimdislikespeople______talkmuchbutneverdoanything.A.whoB.whomC.whose3.（2010成都中考）Haveyoufoundtheanswertothequestion______Iaskedyouthismorning?A.whenB.whatC.that4.（2011·河南中考）Friendsarethosemakeyousmile，alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceedAwhichBwhatCwhomDwho5.（2010·十堰中考）IbegantoworkinShanghaiintheyear_______HongKongwasreturnedtoChina.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when6.(2009·河北中考)Sorry,wedon’thavethecoat______youneed.A.whatB.whoC.whomD.which7.(2009·山东中考)Thisisthenovel______iswrittenbyGuoJingming.A.whoB.whatC.thatD./8.(2009·河南中考)It’stimetosaygoodbyetomyschool.I’llalwaysrememberthepeople_______havehelpedme.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.where9.(2009·绵阳中考)Disneyisanamusementpark_______youcanfindallthenormalattractionsandDisneymoviesandcharacters.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when10.(2011·东营中考)Theyounglady________wemetyesterdayisournewmathteacher.A.whatB.whoseC.whomD.which11.(2009·兰州中考)Iliketheteacher________classesareveryinterestingandcreative.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whose12.(2011·厦门中考)Jack,thereissomeoneintheoffice______wouldliketospeakwithyou.A.whoB.whichC.whom13.(2011·河南中考)ShaolinTemple________liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what14.(2008·哈尔滨中考)-ThedutyofProjectHopeistohelppoorchildren,isn’tit?-Yes,ithasbuiltmanyschools________thosechildrencanstudyhappily.A.whereB.whenC.which15.(2010·恩施中考)WeknowJackieChan________moviesareverypopularwiththeyoung.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which16.(2011·衡阳中考)Isthisuniversity_______yourelderbrotherwillchoosethisyear?A.theoneB.thatC.where17.(2011·梧州中考)-Doyouknowtheboy_______isstandingunderthetree?-Yes.He’sPeter.He’snewinourclass.A.whereB.whatC.whoD.whose18.Doyouknowtheyounglady____yourmotheristalking?(湖北黄石)A.whoB.whomC.withwhomD.which19：Mybrotherkneweverthing______happenedyesterdayA.whichB.thatC.whenD.what20.Thisisthebestmovie_______Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.what定语从句的主从句缩略为简单句1．在定语从句中，如关系代词作从句的主语，谓语是一个行为动词，这时从句常缩略为一个现在分词短语或过去分词短语。如：(1)ThegirlWhoiswearingaredcoatismysister.Thegirlwearingaredcoatismysister.ThemanwhoiswalkingalongthestreetcomesfromCanada._______________________________________________.(2)IlikethenovelsthatwaswrittenbyLuXun.IlikethenovelswrittenbyLuXun.Themovie______byZhangYimouisverypopular.A.wasdirectedB.directedCisdirectedDdirecting2.如果定语从句中的谓语动词have表示“有”的含义，从句可缩略成with短语作后置定语，如：peoplewhohavemoneyusuallytraveltoforeigncountries.→peoplewithmoneyusuallytraveltoforeigncountries.ThegirlwhohasblueeyesisfromFrance.________________________________________.3．如果定语从句部分是be+介词短语/形容词短语，该从句可以缩略成介词短语、形容词短语作后置定语,如果是单个形容词可以做前置定语如：①Wesawtheglassesthatwereonthetablefalloffontothefloor.→Wesawtheglassesonthetablefalloffontothefloor.②Chinaiscountrywhichisrichinresources.→Chinaiscountryrichinresources.③Rosalikesmusicthatisquiteandgentle.__________________________________________