DELTANETWORKSBGA簡介&特性分析SMTTechnologySpreadDELTANETWORKS•何謂BGA?其構造如何?BGABGA簡介Fig1.1Across-sectionofaPBGA為面陣列構裝(areaarraypackaging)之產品率先問世之BGA為MotorolaOMPAC(1990)DELTANETWORKS•目前BGA可分成那幾類?如何區分?BGABGA種類PBGACBGA?以構裝型態而言,共分全陣列(Full-)周邊陣列(Perimeter-)交錯陣列(Staggered-)以構裝材料而言,共分PBGA(PlasticBallGridArray)CBGA(CeramicBallGridArray)DELTANETWORKSBGA---SurfaceMountComponent•BGA–Description:BallGridArray:PBGA–PlasticBGA,TBGA–TapBGA,CBGA–CeramicBGA,CCGA–CeramicColumnGrillArray–Classletter:U,IC,AR,C,Q,R–LeadType:BallGrid(ColumnGrillforCCGA)–#ofPins:25-625–BodyType:Plastic,metalorceramic–LeadPitch:0.5mmto1.27mm(50mils)–Orientation:Dot,notch,stripeindicatepin1andleadcountscounterclockwise.PBGAPlasticSubstrateCCGA63Sn-37PbCeramicSubstrate10Sn-90PbDELTANETWORKSBGA---SurfaceMountComponentDELTANETWORKSBGA---SurfaceMountComponentDELTANETWORKS•為何要使用BGA而非QFP?優劣如何?BGABGA優劣BGAQFP•PITCH較大,作業簡易•實裝具泛用性•表面實際密度高•表面實際良率高•電氣特性佳•同樣腳數體積縮小約40%•腳易曲折變形•FinePitch開發技術難•不具泛用性•約1/2左右DELTANETWORKS•標準BGA之SolderBump共分那幾類?BGABGA錫球EuteticSolder(63/37)Hi-TempSolder(10/90)Fig2.2BGA之SolderBump之種類DELTANETWORKS•何謂NSMD及SMD?BGASMD:SolderMaskDefinedNSMD:NonSolderMaskDefinedPAD防焊墊DELTANETWORKS•NSMD及SMD有何差異&優缺?BGAPAD防焊墊DELTANETWORKS•MSD:MoistureSensitiveDevic濕度敏感元件•MSL:MoistureSensitiveLevel濕度敏感等級MSL有六個等級:msl1---msl6BGA----保存DELTANETWORKSMSD的工作壽命(等級分辨方法).•Msl•1•2•3•4•5•6工作環境工作壽命≤85%RH不受限制≤30°C/60%RH一年≤30°C/60%RH一周≤30°C/60%RH72小時≤30°C/60%RH24小時≤30°C/60%RH上線前必須烘烤DELTANETWORKSMSD的儲存條件1.真空包裝—溫度25±5˚C濕度55±5%RH2.非真空包裝—溫度25±5˚C濕度30%RHDELTANETWORKS真空封裝機DELTANETWORKS封裝OK之物料DELTANETWORKS烘烤箱DELTANETWORKSBGA----烘烤•包裝形式濕度時間•Tray125˚±5˚C24小時Tape/Tube40±5˚C192小時DELTANETWORKS•為何使用BGA之前需經烘烤?BGABGA烘烤因BGA本身屬於濕氣敏感元件根據JEDEC水氣含量件分級表,濕氣敏感元件曝露的時間超過其表上時間時,在烘烤過程中易產生爆米花(POPCORN)效應DELTANETWORKSBGA0.0300.0156hr24hrDELTANETWORKSBGABGA烘烤•BGA之烘烤條件及方式為何?※BGA之烘烤共分兩種,即高溫及低溫烘烤※高溫烘烤目地在上線作業前去除BGA內之濕氣,其條件為125℃,時間6~24hr※低溫烘烤目地在避免烘烤完卻未及上線之BGA,於開放環境中二次受潮,其條件為55±5℃,時間不限※嚴謹正常之高溫烘烤條件應為125℃,時間24hr左圖為BGA及PCB烘烤專用之烤箱,其溫度範圍為50~250℃,烘烤時間限制999hrDELTANETWORKSPARTTYPEPITCH(mm)開口寬度(mm)開口長度(mm)模板厚度(mm)寬厚比面積比PLCC1.270.61.950.15~0.252.3~3.80.88~1.48QFP0.6350.31.450.15~0.181.7~20.71~2QFP0.50.22~0.251.20.125~0.151.7~20.69~0.83QFP0.40.21.20.1~0.1251.6~20.68~0.86QFP0.30.150.950.075~0.1251.5~20.65~0.86CHIP0402\0.450.60.125~0.15\0.84~1CHIP0201\0.230.350.075~0.125\0.66~0.89BGA1.27ψ0.75\0.15~0.2\0.93~1.25uBGA11sq0.35sq0.350.075~0.135\0.67~0.78uBGA20.5sq0.28sq0.280.075~0.125\0.69~0.92BGA----印刷鋼板開口CSP開孔經驗1.CSP球徑:0.375mm外形尺寸:4.7mmX4.6mm.Pitch:0.50mmPitch小,故對鋼板的選擇要求較高.2.對應焊盤尺寸:0.35mm3.不同開孔方式比較鋼板厚度:0.10mm開孔正方形倒圓角足夠的錫膏量良好的下錫性能鋼板厚度:0.12mm開孔形狀及尺寸:圆形,直徑0.27mmPCBA:0.241mmB:0.254mmC:0.10mm面积比π*r*r/(2πr*0.12)=0.27/0.48=0.5630.66,无法保证正常的下锡特殊BGA開孔1.零件的特殊性:零件中間部分比周边锡球低0.08-0.1mm,但必须保证上锡对应PCBlayout為5*5圆形PAD排列,该PAD接地零件PCBlayout如何保证上锡?2.不同開孔方式比较—5DX•正常1:1開孔•1:1.1擴孔少錫Good•正常1:1開孔•1:1.1擴孔OK3.不同開孔方式比較—DyestainCrack导致红色染料渗入锡球NGDELTANETWORKSLaserStencilMicro800X激光模板-----P=1.0mmBGA,切割时有毛刺,Solderpaste脱膜效果不佳.BGA----鋼板拋光DELTANETWORKSLaserStencilMicro800X电抛光模板--P=1.0mmBGA,抛光孔壁光滑无毛刺.Solderpaste脱膜效果佳.DELTANETWORKSLaserStencilMicro800X激光模板-----P=0.5mmCSP,切割时有毛刺,Solderpaste脱膜效果不佳.DELTANETWORKSLaserStencilMicro800X电抛光模板--P=0.5mmCSP,抛光孔壁光滑无毛刺.Solderpaste脱膜效果佳.DELTANETWORKS鐳射及鐳射電拋光鋼板鐳射普通鋼板BGA孔壁毛刺多,不光滑鐳射電拋光鋼板BGA孔壁毛刺少,光滑DELTANETWORKS通过用600~1000X三维立体显微镜对0.4mmPitchIC,0402ChipComp.,1.0mmPitchBGA,0.5mmPitchCSP精细焊盘开孔的三维放大观察,KWE电抛光模板可克服传统激光切割缺陷,完全达到孔壁光滑效果。随着越来越多的应用,客户对其评价较高,认为它保留了原有激光模板高精度特性外,孔壁脱模良好,印刷不良率大大降低,并且模板擦拭的次数也减少了,模板清洗也相对容易多了。从某种程度上讲,真正的电抛光模板可以同电铸模板媲美.电抛光模板-----品质优越,同电铸媲美.Micro600X~1000X3-DPhotoforLaser&E-PolishStencilDELTANETWORKSBGA----印刷印刷品質控制方法簡介印刷參數設置錫膏厚度控制:管控錫膏印刷厚度,控制錫膏厚度均勻性及印刷穩定性.其管制項目為錫膏厚度CPK1.33印刷精度控制:管控錫膏印刷精度,測量值為偏移量.管制目標CPK1.33錫膏印刷成型控制:管制項目為錫膏成型,控制錫膏在PCB上的成型,一般要求同一點位連續10PCS中有“狗耳朵”現象的數量不得大于2DELTANETWORKS常用錫膏合金成份及融解溫度•Eutectic:Sn63/Pb37Tmelt=183oC•w/Silver:Sn62/Pb36/Ag2Tmelt=179oC•NoLead:Sn96.5/Ag3.5Tmelt=221oC•HighTemp:Sn10/Pb88/Ag2Tmelt=268oC-302oCDELTANETWORKS•ASTMMesh尺寸•Designation(um)(in)•Type1(200)740.0027•Type2(250)580.0023•Type3(325)440.0017•Type4(400)370.0015•Type5(500)300.0012•Type6(625)200.00078325400500(-325+400)ASTM:AmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterialsMesh(網目):每一方寸內有多少錫球例:使用TYPE3角距為20mil,其錫粒子為1.7mil(0.0017in)錫膏顆粒尺寸DELTANETWORKS錫膏檢驗BGAJointPhotoUnderX-RAY&3DDELTANETWORKSHeadunitPartsrecg.camera-貼片零件種類:1005mmChip~55*55mmQFPL150*W55*H25,BGA,CSPBGA------貼片DELTANETWORKS錫膏溫度曲線BGA-----回流&ProfileDELTANETWORKS•迴焊曲線之探討?BGA迴焊曲線ABCDELTANETWORKSBGABGA平整度SolderBump剝離點PCB變形方向ReflowconveyFig2.1SolderSide經Reflow後之變形BGAPWB•SolderSide在經SMTReflow時產生向下之彎曲變形,導致BGA上之SolderBump產生應力集中而易剝離PCB上之PadDELTANETWORKSBGABGA二次迴焊SolderBump剝離點PCB變形方向•經SMTReflow時產生向上變形之PCB再經WaveSoldering產生PCB軟化而向下彎曲,此時BGA端電極已經歷二次應力破壞,最易剝離ReflowconveyFig2.2PCB經WaveSolderig後之變形BGAPWBDELTANETWORKS•BGA組裝後變形之可靠度試驗BGA可靠度試驗•可承受之AppliedForce愈大,可靠度愈佳?Fig3.1PCB可靠度試驗三點檢測法DELTANETWORKS•BGA組裝時常發生何問題?BGA組裝問題SolderBumpVoidSolderBumpShortPlacementShiftSolderLandOpenReliabilityAgingPopcornElongatedjointsDELTANETWORKS•SolderBumpVOID現象(6224M)BGAVOID效應2DX-Rayof6224M掃瞄結果DELTANETWORKS•何謂