凯撒大帝(英语介绍)

Veni,vidi,vici.Icame,Isaw,Iconquered.JuliusCaesar(凯撒)OutlineBornandfamilyPoliticallifeThedeathofCaesarAssessmentCaesar’sreformsCaesar’sworksBorn:inRomeonJuly12or13100BCinaNoblefamilyDistinguishedandinfluentialfamilyRelatives:manyofhisrelativesplaystheroleasConsul(执政官),grandjustice(大法官)andsoonUncle:SextusJuliusthegrandjustice(大法官)Aunt:JuliamarriedfamousGaiusMarius(马略)Father：ministoroffinanceandviceroy(总督)Mother：fromapowerfulnoblefamilyPoliticallife：onthewayup69BC：Quaestor（财务官吏）65BC：Aedile（行政官）62BC：Praetor（执政官）62BC：CaesarwasappointedtogovernSpain,probablywithproconsular(总督)powers.69bc：Hisauntandwifebothdied.ThenheleftforSpainforwork.63BC：HeranforelectiontothepostofPontifexMaximus(大祭司长）,chiefpriestoftheRomanstatereligion.60BC:Threeoverlordsformanalliance------thefirstTriumvirate(三头同盟)CaesarPompey(庞贝)Crassus（克拉苏）Thegentry﹨—／﹨—MarcusBibulus(毕布路斯）GallicWars（高卢战争）AaggressivewaragainstGaul(高卢).Toenlargethecontinentandaggrandizehimself.CivilWarVSAfterthat,thehumanworldisatragedy;nottocrosstheriver,ismyownruin.RunawaytoEgyptandKilledbyEgyptian庞培PompeyCaesarfellinlovewiththeEgyptianqueenCleopatra.CaesarwasnowmasterofRomeandmadehimselfconsulanddictator.Heusedhispowertocarryoutmuch-neededreforms,themostimportantofwhichwashisreformofthecalendar.ReformsRelievingDebtEnlargingthesenateBuildingtheForumIuliumCaesar’sReformspublicworks：builtforum(公共讨论的广场)andmanyotherpublicworksreformofthecalendar(儒略历)Thecalendaratthetimewasregulatedbythemovementofthemoon,andthishadresultedinagreatdealofdisorder.CaesarreplacedthiscalendarwiththeEgyptiancalendar,whichwasregulatedbythesun.Hesetthelengthoftheyearto365.25daysbyaddinganintercalary/leapdayattheendofFebruaryeveryfourthyear.TheDeathofCaesarHissuccessandambitionalienatedstronglyrepublicansenators.Agroupofthese,ledbyCassiusandBrutus,assassinatedCaesarontheIdesofMarch44BC.TheDeathofCaesarMar15th44b.cCaesar’swaskilledMar15th44b.cCaesar’swaskilled.HisworksDuringhislifetime,Caesarwasregardedasoneofthebestorators（演讲家）andprose（散文）authorsinLatin—evenCicero（西塞罗）spokehighlyofCaesar'srhetoricandstyle.OnlyCaesar'swarcommentarieshavesurvived.HisworksMemoirs•TheCommentariideBelloGallico,usuallyknowninEnglishasTheGallicWars《高卢战记》•TheCommentariideBelloCivili(TheCivilWar)《内战记》•OtherworkshistoricallyhavebeenattributedtoCaesar,buttheirauthorshipisindoubt.AssessmentJuliusCaesarwasaRomangeneral,statesman,ConsulandnotableauthorofLatinprose.Caesarisdeemedtobeoneofthegreatestmilitarycommandersinhistory.Heplayedacriticalroleintheeventsthatledtothedemise（终止）oftheRomanRepublicandtheriseoftheRomanEmpireThanksforyouattention!