广东省惠州市惠城区八年级数学上学期期末考试试题(含解析)-新人教版

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leadershipintentionandmeaningintothetext.Althoughhiseyesnowwriteonlyarelativelysmallnumberofmaterials,butalsoquitedifficult,eventoamoldingmaterialherselfseemsnotverysatisfiedwiththequalityofserviceneedstobeenhanced.Threeisalotofworktoimplementpassive,activeandadvanced.Mostcontractorsdomattersassignedbytheleadership,workisoftenintheorders,toimplementthetask,donotwanttolead,notwanttothinkahead,planahead,andtoseektheleadership;seekdeepintotheresearch,provideinformationgoodstaffseek.Especiallyinthewritingprocessofmaterial,itencounteredmuch,timetight,heavybetweentherequirements.Andintheencounterthetediouswork,complexthings,sometimestakethemethodofescape,thatbridgetheboattothebridgestraight,nottheirownforcepleasefindcountermeasures,buttowaitfortheself,thelackofaspiritofhardresearch.Two,thecauseoftheproblemThroughtheanalysis,Ifeelthattherearemanyreasonsfortheseproblems.Oneideaisobsolete.Thefailuretodosystemresearchontheessenceofreadingtheoriginal,palmandmasterthetheoryofqualityreadwithoutthoroughunderstanding,hasnotbeeneffectively广东省惠州市惠城区2015-2016学年八年级数学上学期期末考试试题一.选择题(本大题共10个小题,每小题3分,共30分)1.下列长度的线段能组成一个三角形的是()A.15cm、10cm、7cmB.4cm、5cm、10cmC.3cm、8cm、5cmD.3cm、3cm、6cm2.八边形的外角和为()A.180°B.360°C.900°D.1260°3.如图,∠1=∠2,PD⊥OA于D,PF⊥OB于F,下列结论错误的是()A.PD=PFB.OD=OFC.∠DPO=∠FPOD.PD=OD4.一个等腰三角形的两边长分别是3和7,则它的周长为()A.17B.15C.13D.13或175.一个多边形的内角和是900°,这个多边形的边数是()A.7B.8C.9D.106.下列图形中,是轴对称图形的有()个①角;②线段;③等腰三角形;④直角三角形;⑤圆;⑥锐角三角形.A.2B.3C.4D.57.下列运算正确的是()A.a3b3=(ab)3B.a2a3=a6C.a6÷a3=a2D.(a2)3=a58.下面的多项式在实数范围内能因式分解的是()A.x2+y2B.x2﹣yC.x2+x+1D.x2﹣2x+19.在边长为a的正方形中挖去一个边长为b的小正方形(a>b)(如图甲),把余下的部分拼成一个矩形(如图乙),根据两个图形中阴影部分的面积相等,可以验证等式()A.(a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2B.(a﹣b)2=a2﹣2ab+b2C.a2﹣b2=(a+b)(a﹣b)D.(a+b)(a﹣2b)=a2﹣ab﹣2b210.已知,则的值是()A.B.﹣C.2D.﹣2二.填空题(本大题共6个小题,每小题4分,共24分)leadershipintentionandmeaningintothetext.Althoughhiseyesnowwriteonlyarelativelysmallnumberofmaterials,butalsoquitedifficult,eventoamoldingmaterialherselfseemsnotverysatisfiedwiththequalityofserviceneedstobeenhanced.Threeisalotofworktoimplementpassive,activeandadvanced.Mostcontractorsdomattersassignedbytheleadership,workisoftenintheorders,toimplementthetask,donotwanttolead,notwanttothinkahead,planahead,andtoseektheleadership;seekdeepintotheresearch,provideinformationgoodstaffseek.Especiallyinthewritingprocessofmaterial,itencounteredmuch,timetight,heavybetweentherequirements.Andintheencounterthetediouswork,complexthings,sometimestakethemethodofescape,thatbridgetheboattothebridgestraight,nottheirownforcepleasefindcountermeasures,buttowaitfortheself,thelackofaspiritofhardresearch.Two,thecauseoftheproblemThroughtheanalysis,Ifeelthattherearemanyreasonsfortheseproblems.Oneideaisobsolete.Thefailuretodosystemresearchontheessenceofreadingtheoriginal,palmandmasterthetheoryofqualityreadwithoutthoroughunderstanding,hasnotbeeneffectively11.如图,△ABC中,AB=AC,AD⊥BC,BD=5,则CD=.12.如图,在△ABC与△ADC中,已知AD=AB,在不添加任何辅助线的前提下,要使△ABC≌△ADC,只需再添加的一个条件可以是.13.计算:(4x3y﹣8xy3)÷(﹣2xy)=.14.化简=.15.某工厂现在平均每天比原计划多生产50台机器,现在生产600台机器所需时间与原计划生产450台机器所需时间相同,现在平均每天生产台机器.16.已知a﹣b=1,a2+b2=25,则ab=.三.解答题(一)(本大题共3个小题,每小题6分,共18分)17.如图,网格图中的每小格均是边长是1的正方形,△ABC的顶点均在格点上,请完成下列各题:(1)在平面直角坐标系中画出△A1B1C1,使它与△ABC关于x轴对称;(2)写出△A1B1C1三个顶点的坐标.18.解分式方程:.19.如图,△ABC中,AB=AC,∠A=36°,AC的垂直平分线交AB于E,D为垂足,连结EC.求∠ECB的度数.三.解答题(二)(本大题共3个小题,每小题7分,共21分)20.按下列程序计算,把答案写在表格内:(1)填写表格:输入n3﹣2﹣3…输出答案11(2)请将题中计算程序用代数式表达出来,并给予化简.21.已知:如图,AB∥CD,E是AB的中点,CE=DE.求证:(1)∠AEC=∠BED;(2)AC=BD.leadershipintentionandmeaningintothetext.Althoughhiseyesnowwriteonlyarelativelysmallnumberofmaterials,butalsoquitedifficult,eventoamoldingmaterialherselfseemsnotverysatisfiedwiththequalityofserviceneedstobeenhanced.Threeisalotofworktoimplementpassive,activeandadvanced.Mostcontractorsdomattersassignedbytheleadership,workisoftenintheorders,toimplementthetask,donotwanttolead,notwanttothinkahead,planahead,andtoseektheleadership;seekdeepintotheresearch,provideinformationgoodstaffseek.Especiallyinthewritingprocessofmaterial,itencounteredmuch,timetight,heavybetweentherequirements.Andintheencounterthetediouswork,complexthings,sometimestakethemethodofescape,thatbridgetheboattothebridgestraight,nottheirownforcepleasefindcountermeasures,buttowaitfortheself,thelackofaspiritofhardresearch.Two,thecauseoftheproblemThroughtheanalysis,Ifeelthattherearemanyreasonsfortheseproblems.Oneideaisobsolete.Thefailuretodosystemresearchontheessenceofreadingtheoriginal,palmandmasterthetheoryofqualityreadwithoutthoroughunderstanding,hasnotbeeneffectively22.甲、乙两座城市的中心火车站A,B两站相距360km.一列动车与一列特快列车分别从A,B两站同时出发相向而行,动车的平均速度比特快列车快54km/h,当动车到达B站时,特快列车恰好到达距离A站135km处的C站.求动车和特快列车的平均速度各是多少?三.解答题(三)(本大题共3个小题,每小题9分,共27分)23.先化简,再求值:,其中a=,b=.24.如图,在△ABC中,∠BAC=90°,AD⊥BC于点D,∠ACB的平分线交AD于点E,交AB于点F,FG⊥BC于点G.求证:AE=FG.25.如图,△ABC为等边三角形,AE=CD,AD交BE于点P,BQ⊥AD于Q.(1)求证:AD=BE;(2)设∠BPQ=α,那么α的大小是否随D、E的位置变化而变化?请说明理由;(3)若PQ=3,PE=1,求AD的长.2015-2016学年广东省惠州市惠城区八年级(上)期末数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(本大题共10个小题,每小题3分,共30分)1.下列长度的线段能组成一个三角形的是()A.15cm、10cm、7cmB.4cm、5cm、10cmC.3cm、8cm、5cmD.3cm、3cm、6cm【考点】三角形三边关系.【分析】根据三角形三边关系定理:三角形两边之和大于第三边进行分析即可.【解答】解:A、10+7>15,能组成三角形,故此选项正确;B、4+5<10,不能组成三角形,故此选项错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