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第一单元知识点1.abstract1)adj.深奥的，抽象的e.g.Beautyisabstractbutahouseisnot.2)v.提炼，抽取；概括，写摘要e.g.Rubberisabstractedfromtrees.e.g.Heisabstractingastoryforabookreview.他在为一篇书评撰写故事摘要。3）n.anabstractofalecture一个演讲的摘要2.WouldyouratherhaveChineseorWestern-stylepaintingsinyourhome?wouldratherdosth情愿做…e.g.Iwouldratherstayathometoday.wouldrathersbdosth情愿sb做…e.g.Iwouldratheryoucameheretomorrow.wouldratherdosththandosth=woulddosthratherthandosth=prefertodosthratherthandosth=preferdoingsthtodoingsthe.g.Iwouldrathergowithyouthanstayhere.=Iwouldgowithyouratherthanstayhere.=Iprefertogowithyouratherthanstayhere.=Iprefergoingwithyoutostayinghere.3.faithn.信任,信仰breakone'sfaithwithsb.对某人不守信用keepfaithwith忠于信仰;守信havefaithin相信,信任losefaithin不再相信ingoodfaith老实地；诚恳地e.g.Ikeptfaithwithhim.我信守了对他的诺言。Hewholosesfaith,losesall.失去信心的人,失去所有。faithfuladj.忠诚的，可靠的befaithfulto…对…忠诚4.consequentlyadv.所以，因此e.g.MrFosterhasneverbeentoChina.Consequently,heknowsverylittleaboutit.consequentadj.作为结果的,随之发生的consequencen.结果asaconsequence/result=inconsequenceasaconsequence/resultof=becauseofe.g.Shewasfoundguilty,andlostherjobinconsequence(ofit).5.aimA．1)n.目标(C)e.g.Whatisyouraiminlife?你生活的目的是什么?withoutaim无目的的/无目标的achieveone’saim达到目标missone’saim打不中目标(U)对准,瞄准takeaimate.g.Thehuntertookaimatthelion.2）v.(以枪等)对准,瞄准aimataimatthetarget=takeaimatthetarget瞄准靶子e.g.Heaimedhisgunatthetiger,firedbutmissedit.aimlessa.无目标的，无目的的Sheledanaimlesslife.B.打算,计划,以…为目标,立志做…aimatdoing=aimtodo瞄准,力求做到,力争达到e.g.Harryaimsatbecomingadoctor./Harryaimstobecomeadoctor.6.evidentadj.明白的,明显的e.g.Theapplausemadeitevidentthattheplaywasahit.Itisevident(obvious)(tosb)that…e.g.It'sevidentthatyouaretired.n.evidence证据;证明inevidence=evident明显的7.realistic现实主义的,逼真的,现实的inamorerealisticway以一种更逼真的形式realism现实主义realist现实主义者realadj.真的realizev.实现8.adoptvt.1).采取;采纳;吸收e.g.Aftermuchdeliberation,thepresidentdecidedtoadopthersuggestion.2).过继,收养[(+as)]e.g.Mr.Kernadoptedtheorphanashisownson.3).正式通过,接受e.g.Theagendawasadoptedaftersomediscussion.adoptedadj.被收养的，被采用的anadoptedchild9.possess用作动词时，不能用于进行时。1）“有，拥有”e.g.Thelibrarypossessesanumberoftheartist’searlyworks.2）“具有…的特质”bepossessedofsth意为“具有某种品质或特征”3）“支配，控制”e.g.Hewaspossessedbythedesiretoberich.possession【c】财产，所有物（常用复数）personalpossessions个人财产e.g.Theringisoneofhermostvaluablepossessions.【u】占有，拥有Take/get/have/gainpossessionof占领，夺取inpossessionof(表主动）占inthepossessionof=inone’spossession（表被动）…被占有〃e.g.Heisin~ofthehouse.他拥有这套房子。Thehouseisinthe~ofhim.这套房子在他的占有之下。10.convincevt.“使确信；使信服”convincesb.todosth..说服某人做…convincesbofsthconvincesb+that从句使某人确信某事e.g.Heconvincedmeofhissincerity.他使我确信他的真诚。Iwasconvincedthathewassincere.sb.beconvincedofsthsb.beconvincedthat…某人确信。。。11.attemptv.尝试，企图,努力去执行或完成attemptdoing反复尝试做attempttodo企图做attempttodo/doing=trytodo/doinge.g.Iattemptedtospeakbutwastoldtobequiet.n.1)企图或努力2)袭击；攻击anattemptonsomeone'slife对某人生命的攻击makeanattempttodosth/atdoingsth尝试做…atone’sattempt在…尝试下one’sfirstattempt初次尝试e.g.Shemadeanattempttocookthedinner.她试着做这顿饭。12.ontheotherhand另一方面，相当于一个副词。常与ononehand连用。Ononehand…ontheotherhand一方面另…一方面e.g.Thisjobisnotwellpaid,butontheotherhand,Idon’thavetoworklonghours.Ononehand,Ineedacomputer,butontheotherhand,Idon’thaveenoughmoney.athand在手边，在附近byhand用手的，手工的gohandinhandwith与…共同行动13.figure1)外形;体形;人影e.g.Isawafigureinthedarkness.2)体态;风姿e.g.Shehasaslenderfigure.3)人物;名人e.g.Hehasbecomeafigureknowntoeveryone.4)数字e.g.Wheredidyougetthosefigures?14.1)aggressiveadj.敢作敢为的;有闯劲的;侵略性的;好斗的e.g.Heisveryaggressive.他生性好斗。anaggressivesalesman一干劲很大的售货员aggressiveweapons攻击性武器2)aggressivelyadv.气势汹汹地3)aggressionn.侵略（行动）aggressorn.侵略者15.intheflesh活生生，本人，亲自fleshn.肌肉;肉e.g.HaveyoueverseenJayChouintheflesh?你见过周杰伦本人吗？fleshandblood肉体，血肉之躯e.g.Thoughheisahero,heisstillfleshandblood.loseflesh减肥gain/putonflesh增肥flesh-eating食肉的16.preference1)更加的喜爱,偏爱[U][C][(+for)]e.g.Awindowseatismypreference.我喜欢靠窗的座位。2)偏爱的事物(或人)[C]e.g.Whichisyourpreference,teaorcoffee?3)偏袒[U][(+for)]e.g.Parentsshouldnotshowpreferenceforanyoneoftheirchildren.4)优先(权);优惠权[U][C]inpreferenceto优先于haveapreferencefor偏爱e.g.Ihaveapreferenceforclassicmusic.I’dchoosethesmallcarinpreferencetothelargerone.17.appealvi.1)呼吁,恳求appealtosbforsth.e.g.Heappealedtomeforhelp.2)诉诸,求助[(+to)]e.g.Wewillappealtoavarietyofsourcesofinformation.3)有吸引力,迎合爱好[(+to)]e.g.TheideaappealedtoMary.4)【律】上诉[(+to/against)]e.g.Heappealedagainstthefive-yearsentencehehadbeengiven.18.reputationn.名誉,名声[(+for)]e.g.Thestorehasanexcellentreputationforfairdealing.Cheatingatthegameruinedthatplayer’sreputation.liveuptoone’sreputation不负盛名loseone’sreputation失去盛名winahighreputation赢得很高的声誉19.morethan＋名词意为“不仅仅”e.g.Jasonismorethanalecturer;heisawriter,too.1)morethan+数词，意为“超过”相当于over，其反义词组为lessthan。e.g.Therearemorethantwohundredpeopleinthepark.2)“morethan＋形容词/副词”是“很”或“非常”的意思。e.g.Iammorethancontentwithwhatyousaid.我对你的讲话十分满意。3)在“more...than...”结构中，肯定“more”后面的内容而否定“than”后面的部分，常译为“是…而不是…”或“与其说…不如说…”。e.g.Hearingtheloudnoise,theboywasmoresurprisedthanfrightened.听到这巨大的声响，男孩与其说是害怕不如说是感到很惊讶。20.contemporary1)adj.当代的;同时代的;同年龄的e.g.HislectureisoncontemporaryAmericannovelists.Hehasfurnitureofcontemporarystyle.beco