Ts-eliot

T.S.Eliot（1888-1965）Apoet,dramatist,literarycritic,andmodernist.Briefintroduction··arguablythemostimportantEnglish-languagepoetofthe20thcenturyaleaderofthemodernistmovementfamousaboveallforhisrevolutionarypoemTheWasteLand(《荒原》,1922)Modernism(现代主义）•Aculturalmovementincludesarts,architecture,design,etc,emergingfromthe20thcenturywhichisagainst19thcenturyhistoricalandacademictradition.Education•HarvardUniversity,aB.A.andM.A.inphilosophyHestudiedphilosophyatHarvardfrom1906to1909,earninghisbachelor'sdegreeafterthreeyears,insteadoftheusualfour•theSorbonne(索邦大学)inParis,France•OxfordUniversity,UKFirstperiod1911TheLoveSongofJ.AlfredPrufrock-firstmasterpieceofModernisminEnglish1917PrufrockandOtherObservationsSecondperiod1922TheWasteLand-arepresentativeworkoftheHighModernismofthe1920s1925TheHollowMan-thespiritualandemotionalaridityofmodernmenThirdperiod1930AshWednesday1943FourQuartets-NoblePrizeforliteraturein19481932Literarycriticism:SelectedEssays,TheUsesofPoetry,OnpoetryandPoets,etc1958Verseplays:MurderintheCathedralT.S.EliotreceivingtheNobelPrizeforLiterature,December1948.EliotwithhissecondwifeValerieTheWasteLandByT.S.EliotSummary:ThefirstsectionofTheWasteLandtakesitstitlefromalineintheAnglican(英国国教的)burialservice.Itismadeupoffourvignettes(片段).Thefirstisanautobiographicalsnippet(片段)fromthechildhoodofanaristocraticwoman,inwhichsherecallssleddingandclaimsthatsheisGerman,notRussian.Form:433lines,mainlyfreeverse(partialrhymeschemes)•Consistsoffivediscontinuoussegments;•Thecentraltheme---desperation;•ManyquotedlinesinGerman,French,ItalianandreferencesandallusionstoEnglishwritersasSpencer,Shakespeare,Middleton,MiltonandGoldsmith;•Resultofthepoet’slongyearsofmeditationandfeeling;•ApictureofthespiritualruinsinEuropeshortlyaftertheendofWWIandexpressedthedisillusionmentofagenerationofintellectuals.TheWasteLand一、死者的葬礼四月最残忍，从死了的土地滋生丁香，混杂着回忆和欲望，让春雨挑动着呆钝的根。冬天保我们温暖，把大地埋在忘怀的雪里，使干了的球茎得一点点生命。夏天来得意外，随着一阵骤雨到了斯坦伯吉西；我们躲在廊下，等太阳出来，便到郝夫加登去喝咖啡，又闲谈了一点钟。我不是俄国人，原籍立陶宛，是纯德国种。我们小时侯，在大公家做客，那是我表兄，他带我出去滑雪撬，我害怕死了。他说，玛丽，玛丽，抓紧了呵。于是我们冲下去。在山中，你会感到舒畅。我大半夜看书，冬天去到南方。（查良铮译）荒原（节选）Thankyou