1APPENDIXSelectedEnglishWordsandExpressionsforEnvironmentalSubjectAabacterial无菌的abatement减少,减小,取消,消除abnormalbloomingofplankton浮游生物异常繁殖absolutealcohol无水酒精absolutetemperature绝对温度absorb吸收absorbent吸收剂;吸收性的absorption吸收abundantprecipitation过量降水abysmaldeposit深海沉积物accelerator加速澄清池,机械澄清池,加速器access接近,(出)入口,使用或接近的方法、机会或门路,捷径accessory附件,附属品accidentalerror偶然误差acclimate服水土,适应环境,适应气候acclimatization驯化,(对环境条件的)适应accommodate使适应,调节,接纳,容纳,供应,提供aceticacid醋酸acetone丙酮acetylene乙炔acidfog酸雾acidify酸化(作用)acidity酸度,酸性acid-proofmaterial耐酸材料acousticconstruction隔声构造acousticfatigue声致疲劳acquisition获得,取得,采集acrid辛辣的,腐蚀性的act法规,法案,条例,行为,动作activatedbiofilter活性生物滤池activatedcarbon活性碳activatedsilica活性硅土activatedsludge活性污泥activation活化,激活activechlorine活性氯activity活性,活度,放射性,功率adaptablespecies适应性强的物种adaptation适应,匹配,采用,改编(本),修改,适应性,适应力additive附加物,添加剂;加成的adherence粘附adhesion粘附力adiabaticcooling绝热冷却adjustment调节,调准,控制,安装admixture掺合物,杂质adsorbate被吸附物,吸附质adsorbent吸附剂;吸附的adsorber吸附器,吸附剂adsorptionisotherm吸附等温线advancedtreatment高级处理,深度处理aeratedcontactbed(submergedcontactaerator)曝气接触床(淹没式接触曝气池)aeratedlagoon曝气氧化渠aeratedspiral-flowgritchannel曝气螺旋流沉砂槽aeration曝气aerationblower曝气鼓风机aerobic好氧的,好气的,需氧的,有氧的aerobicbiologicaltreatmentprocess好氧生物处理法,需氧生物处理法aerobicdecomposition好氧分解,需氧分解aerosol气溶胶aesthetically从审美角度看affinity亲和力,亲和势affluent支流afforestation造林(计划),绿化afterburner火舌燃烧炉,后燃烧装置,补燃器agar琼脂agglomerate使聚集,使成团aggressivepathogen侵袭性病原体2aircompressor空压机,压气机airconditioner空调器airgauge气压计airhammer气压锤airheader空气干管airinflow进气量airintake进气孔airmass气团airpolluntantemissioninventory空气污染物排放清单airpollutionsurveillance空气污染监视airreleasevalve放气阀,释压阀airreliefinstallation排气设备airsparger曝气器airstripping气提airborne空气中的,空降的,空运的airbornepathongenicorganism空气致病生物体air-liftpump空气升水泵,气提泵airview鸟瞰,鸟瞰图alcohol乙醇,酒精aldehyde醛algae藻类algalbloom水藻繁盛alignment成直线,调准,准线,直线性,结盟,联合alkaliconsumption碱消耗(量)alkaliearth碱土alkaline碱性的alkalinity碱度alkalization碱化alkylbenzenesulfonate(ABS)烷基苯磺酸盐alluvialdeposit冲积物,冲积层alum矾,明矾aluminate铝酸盐aluminumsulfate硫酸铝ambientairqualitystandard环境空气质量标准ambientnoise环境噪声amine胺aminoacid氨基酸ammonianitrogen氨氮ammoniastripping氨的气提,气提法除氨ammonification氨化作用,加氨ammonium铵amphotericionexchangeresin两性离子交换树脂anabolism合成代谢,组成代谢anaerobic厌氧的,厌气的,无溶解氧的anaerobic-anoxic-oxicprocess厌氧-缺氧-好氧法analysisofvariance方差分析analyticalbalance分析天平anemometer风力计,风速计anemoscope风向仪anhydrous无水的animalcommunity动物群落anion阴离子,负离子anionicsurfaceactiveagent阴离子表面活性剂annualdepreciation年折旧annualprecipitation年降水量anode阳极,正极anodize阳极氧化,阳极处理anoxic缺氧的antagonism对抗(作用),拮抗(作用)antibiotics抗菌素,抗生素antifreezingagent防冻剂aperture孔径,隙缝,小孔apparatus仪器,装置apparentactivationenergy表观活化能appreciable明显的,相当可观的appurtenance(常用pl.)附属物,设备,配件,附属建筑,附属装置aquatic水的,水生的,水上的aquatichabitat水生环境aquaticcommunity水生群落aquaticlife水生生物aqueduct水道,渠,导水管aqueous水的aqueousammonia氨水aqueoussolution水溶液aquifer蓄水层,(地下)含水层,含水地层arbitrary独裁的,专制的,专横的,任意的,随机的,独立的aromatic芳香的,芳烃的;芳香剂3arsenic砷artery动脉,运输线artificalwetland(constructedwetland)人工湿地(系统)artificialfibres人造纤维asbestos石棉ascendingvelocity上升速度ashcontent灰分ashconveyer灰渣输送带ashhandlingequipment除尘设备asphyxiate使(人)窒息、闷死aspiration吸气,吸入,吸出,愿望,渴望,志向aspirationventilation排气通风(法)assay分析,化验assembly装配,组合;机组assimilate同化,吸收assimilativerespiration同化呼吸associatedmineral伴生矿物atmosphericdispersion大气弥散,大气分散atmosphericemission大气排放物atomicabsorptionspectrophotometry原子吸收分光光度测定法atomicfluorescencespectrophotometry原子荧光光谱atomization喷雾,喷雾法,雾化attenuation衰减,减弱,减轻,减少,减小attraction引力,吸引attrition磨损,损耗autoclave高压锅,高压釜automaticflushback自动反冲洗automaticvalvelessgravityfilter自动无阀重力流滤池,无阀滤池automobileexhaust汽车尾气,汽车废气autotroph(e)自养生物,自营性生物autotrophic自养的,自我营养的,无机营养的availablechlorine有效氯availablehead可用水头averageyearlyloadingcapacity年平均负荷容量axialflow轴流azodye偶氮染料azotification固氮(作用)Bbackfill回填backflow回流backgroundnoise背景噪声,本底噪声backgroundsurvey本底调查back-pressurevalve(checkvalve)单向阀backwashcycle反冲周期bacteriacoli大肠杆菌bacterialcolony细菌菌落bacterialpopulation细菌种群bactericide杀菌剂bacteriologicalexamination细菌检验bacteriologically按细菌学的观点baffle挡板baffleboard挡板,隔音板baffledreactionchamber隔板式反应室bagfilter袋滤器,袋式过滤器baghouse布袋,滤袋室,滤袋装置baghouseprecipitator布袋除尘器ballmill球磨机banddryer(污泥)带式干化机bandscreen(beltscreen)带式格网,带条滤网barscreen格栅barometer气压计barrel桶,桶状物basicity碱度,盐基度batch分批的,间歇(式)的batchcentrifuge间歇式离心机batchdistillation分批蒸馏batchwiseoperation分批式操作beladenwith充满,携带,含有beaker烧杯bearingcapacity承重能力beltfilterpress(污泥)带式脱水机bench工作台,实验桌,板凳bench-scale小型的,实验室(规模)的benchscaletest小型试验,实验室试验,模型试验4beneficiation废物回收加工benzene苯bicarbonate碳酸氢盐,重碳酸盐bind粘合,束缚,堵塞bioassay生物鉴定,活体鉴定biochemicaloxygendemand(BOD)生化需氧量biocoenosis生物群落biodegradable可生物降解的biodegradation生物降解(作用)bio-disc生物转盘biofilter生物滤池biogeophysical生物地球物理的biologicalfilterloading生物滤池负荷(率)biologicalphosphateremoval生物除磷酸盐biology生物学biolysis生物分解(作用)biomass生物体群,生物量bioremediation生物修复bioscrubber生物洗涤器,生物涤气器biosorption生物吸附,生物吸收biosphere生物圈biota生物群bioticcommunity生物群集,生物群落biotope群落生境,环境条件均匀的地方blackliquor黑液(一般指纸浆厂废液)blankassay空白试验,空白检定blast鼓风bleachingliquid漂白液blindditch暗沟blockdiagram方块图bloom大量增殖,旺发boilingpointdepression沸点降低bombcalorimeter(炸)弹式量热器boosterpump增压泵botanic植物的boundarylayer边界层branch支线,支管,分支管brand标记,牌子breakthrough穿透,贯穿,泄漏brewery啤