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大脑相关词汇表Aa-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate(AMPA)α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸abducentnerve展神经abstinentheroindependentindividuals(AHD)海洛因戒断者accessorynerve副神经acoustictubercle听结节AlcoholUseDisorderIdentificationTest(AUDIT)酒精依赖疾患识别测验amygdala(AMY)杏仁核angulargyrus角回anteriorcingulatecortex(ACC)前扣带回皮层anteriorcingulategyrus(ACG)前扣带回anteriorinsula脑皮层上的前脑岛anteriortemporallobe颞叶前部arachnoid蛛网膜areapostrema最后区；极后区arterialspin-labeledperfusionmagneticresonanceimaging(ASL-MRI)磁共振动脉自旋标记灌注成像autonomicnervoussystem自主神经系axillarynerve腋神经BBarrattImpulsivenessScale(BIS)Barratt冲动性量表basalforebrain基底前脑,basalgangliacircuits基底节环路basalnuclei基底核basilarartery基底动脉basolateralamygdala(BLA)基底外侧杏仁核basolateral基底前侧BloodOxygenationLevelDependent(BOLD)血氧水平依赖brachialplexus臂丛brain(encephalon)脑brainstem脑干Ccalcarinesulcus距状沟caudatenucleus尾状核centralnervoussystem中枢神经系统centralsulcus中央沟cerebellum(CER)小脑cerebralaqueduct中脑导水管cerebralarterialcircle大脑动脉环cerebralcortex大脑皮质cerebrospinalfluid脑脊液cervicalplexus颈丛cingulategyrus(CG)扣带回commonperonealnerve腓总神经corpuscallosum胼胝体corpusstriatum纹状体cortex(CTX)皮质corticomedial皮质内侧corticospinaltract皮质脊髓束cranialnerves脑神经cruscerebri大脑脚cuneatetubercule楔束结节cuneusgyrus楔回Ddeepperonealnerve腓深神经dendriticspines树突刺dentategyrus齿状回diencephalon间脑dopamine(DA)多巴胺dopaminetype2/3receptor多巴胺2/3型受体dorsallateralprefrontalcortex（DLPFC）背外侧前额叶dorsallateralstriatum(DMPFC)背外侧纹状体dorsalprefrontalcortex背侧前额叶皮质dorsalputamen背壳dorsalstriatum(DS)背侧纹状体dorsolateralfrontalcortex背外侧额叶dorsolateralprefrontalcortex(DLPFC)背外侧前额叶dorsolateralstriatum(DLS)背外侧纹状体dorsomedialprefrontalcortex(DMPFC)背内侧前额叶dorsomedialstriatum(DMS)背内侧纹状体duramater硬脑膜Eelectroencephalography(EEG)脑电图epithalamus上丘脑Ffacialcolliculus面丘facialnerve面神经FagerströmTestforNicotineDependence(FTND)尼古丁依赖量表fasciculuscuneatus楔束fasciculusgracilis薄束femoralnerve股神经fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG)氟脱氧葡萄糖fornix穹窿fourthventricle第四脑室frontallobe额叶functionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI)功能磁共振成像fusiformgyrus(FG)梭状回fusiformgyrus/visualcortex(FG/VC)梭状回/视觉皮层Gg-aminobutyiricacid(GABA)γ-氨基丁酸ganglion神经节globuspalidus苍白球glossopharyngealnerve舌咽神经glutamate谷氨酸gracilistubercule薄束结节graymatter灰质Hhealthparticipants(NDP)健康人hippocampus/Parahippocampalgyrus(HIPP/PH)海马/海马旁回hypoglossalnerve舌下神经hypoglossaltrigone舌下神经三角hypothalamicpituitaryaxis(HPA)下丘脑-垂体轴hypothalamus下丘脑Iinferiorcerebellarpeduncle小脑下脚inferiorcolliculus下丘inferiorfrontalgyrus(IFG)额下回inferiorolivenucleus下橄榄核inferiorparietallobule(IPL)顶下小叶inferiortemporalcortex(ITC)颞下皮层；下颞叶皮层inferior/superiorparietalcortex(IPC/SPC)上/下顶叶皮质insula(INS)脑岛intercostalnerve肋间神经internalcapsule内囊latepositivecomplex(LPC)晚正复合体lateralhypothalamu外侧下丘脑laterallemniscus外侧丘系lateralprefrontalcortex外侧前额叶lateralsulcus外侧沟lateralventricle侧脑室lentiformnucleus豆状核limbicbraincircuitry边缘系统limbiclobe边缘叶limbicsystem边缘系统lingualgyrus舌回locusceruleus蓝斑longthoracicnerve胸长神经lumbarplexus腰丛lumbosacraltrunk腰骶干MMagneticresonanceimageimaging(MRI)磁共振成像magnetoencephalography(MEG)脑磁描记法medialeminence内侧隆起mediallemniscus内侧丘系medialprefrontalcortex(MPFC)内侧前额叶皮质medialstriatum内侧纹状体mediannerve正中神经medullaoblongata延髓metathalamus后丘脑methylphenidate(MPH)利他能（中枢神经兴奋药）midbrain(mesencephalon)中脑middlecerebellarpeduncle小脑中脚MontrealNeurologicalInstitute(MNI)MNI坐标系motorcortex(MC)动作皮层；运动皮层musculocutaneousnerve肌皮神经Nnerve神经NervousSystem神经系统neuralcuereactivity(NCR)线索诱发的神经活动neuroglia神经胶质neuron神经元n-methyl-Dasparticacid(NMDA)N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸nucleusaccumbens(NAc)伏隔核nucleusaccumbensrelatedcircuitry伏隔核相关回路nucleusambiguus疑核nucleusthoracicus胸核nucleus神经核Oobex闩obturatornerve闭孔神经occipitallobe枕叶oculomotornerve动眼神经olfactorynerve神经opticnerve视神经opticchiasma视交叉Orbital-prefrontalcircuitry眶前额皮层orbitofrontalcortex(OFC)眶额皮层;前额叶眶回Pparacentrallobule旁中央小叶parahippocampalgyrus海马旁回parasympatheticnerve副交感神经parieo-occipitalsulcus顶枕沟parietallobe顶叶periaquaeductalgrey导水管周围灰质peripheralnervoussystem周围神经系统phrenicnerve膈神经piamater软脑膜pons脑桥pontinenuclei脑桥核positronemissiontomography(PET)正电子发放断层扫描postcentralgyrus中央后回posteriorcingulatecortex(PCC)后扣带回posteriormiddletemporalgyrus(pMTG)后颞中回；颞中回后部precentralgyrus中央前回prefrontalcortex(PFC)前额叶皮层premotorcortex(PMC)前运动皮层putamen壳pyramid锥体pyramidaldecussation锥体交叉radialnerve桡神经raphenuclei中缝核rednucleus红核regionofinterest(ROI)感兴趣脑区reticularformation网状结构rhomboidfossa菱形窝Ssacralplexus骶丛sciaticnerve坐骨神经septo-hippocampalcomplex海马皮层隔septo-hippocampalsystem海马皮层系统solitarynucleus孤束核somatosensorycortex(SC)躯体感觉皮层spinalcord脊髓spinalnerves脊神经spinaltrigeminalnucleus三叉神经脊束核spinaltrigeminaltract三叉神经脊髓束spinothalamictract脊髓丘脑束striaemedullaris髓纹substantiagelatinosa胶状质substantianigra(SN)黑质，塞梅林氏神经节subthalamus底丘脑superficialperonealnerve腓浅神经superiorcerebellarpeduncle小脑上脚superiorcolliculus上丘superiorparietalandpremotorregions高级顶叶和运动前区Superiorparietallobule(SPL)顶上小叶superiortemporalsulcus(STS)颞上沟supplementarymotorarea(SMA)辅助运动区supramarginalgyrus缘上回sympatheticnerve交感神经Ttelencephalon（cerebrum）端脑（大脑）temporallobe颞叶temporalpole颞极temporal-parietaljunctions(TPJ)颞顶交界处temporoparietalcortex颞皮层thalamus(THAL)丘脑thoracicnerves胸神经thoracodorsalnerve胸背神经tibialnerve胫神经tract神经束transcoronalmagneticstimulatingsystem(TMS)经颅磁刺激