2019年山东省淄博市中考英语试卷-答案

1/8山东省淄博市2019年初中毕业和高中阶段学校招生考试英语答案解析第I卷(选择题)一、完形填空1.【答案】C【解析】句意：他们用植物做布、染料和纸。A.separated分离；B.washed洗；C.made制作；D.mixed混合。根据上文Forthousandsofyears,peoplefarmedtheland.Theygrewfruitsandvegetables.Theyhuntedandfishedformeat.可知下文是制作布料，燃料和纸张。根据题意，故选C。2.【答案】D【解析】句意：人们开始制造由水和蒸汽驱动的机器，甚至后来又发展到由煤、油和汽油驱动的机器。A.as作为；B.for为了；C.with带有，具有；D.by通过。根据下文andevenlater,bycoal,oil,andpetrol.Largecitieswerebuilt.可知上文是用介词by。根据题意，故选D。3.【答案】A【解析】句意：满是机器的工厂为数千人在城市创造了就业机会。A.full满的；B.proud骄傲的；C.sick生病的；D.short短的。这里是充满的意思，fullof…充满，根据题意，故选A。4.【答案】D【解析】句意：住在城市的人比住在农场的人多。A.mountains山脉；B.rivers河水；C.grasslands草原；D.farms农场。根据上文morepeoplelivedincities可知下文是说农场。根据题意，故选D。5.【答案】C【解析】句意：公司建造发电厂来发电，以运行机器、工厂和城市。A.metal金属；B.water水；C.electricity电；D.oil油。根据下文torunthemachines,factoriesandcities.可知上文是发电。根据题意，故选C。6.【答案】B【解析】句意：人们没有意识到这些活动正伤害地球。A.helping帮助；B.harming有害；C.wasting浪费；D.losing失去。根据上文Peopledidnotrealizetheseactivities可知下文是在伤害地球。根据题意，故选B。2/87.【答案】C【解析】句意：他们没有意识到石油、天然气、煤炭和矿产正迅速被消耗殆尽。A.clearly清晰地；B.hardly几乎不；C.quickly快速地；D.slowly慢地。这里是说快速地用完。根据题意，故选C。8.【答案】C【解析】句意：随着城市规模的扩大和遍布全国。动植物开始消失。A.Before在……之前；B.If如果；C.As当……的时候；随着；D.Though通过。根据下文plantsandanimalsbegantodisappear.Theirnaturehomesweredestroyed(破坏)aspeoplemovedintonewplaces.可知，这里是当……的时候；随着。根据题意，故选C。9.【答案】B【解析】句意：随着时间的推移，人们开始意识到保护地球及其自然资源的必要性。A.forget忘记；B.see看见；C.remember记住；D.get得到。根据下文protecttheEarthanditsnaturalresources(资源)可知这里是说开始看到。根据题意，故选B。10.【答案】D【解析】句意：人们联合起来告诉世界各地的其他人们保护我们的自然资源和保护地球。A.them他们；B.other其他的；C.another另一个；D.others别的，其他的，代词。根据下文aroundtheworldtoconserve(节约)ournaturalresourcesandcarefortheEarth可知，这里是说全世界的其他人们。根据题意，故选D。二、阅读理解A11.【答案】A【解析】根据文中Inahydrogenicgarden,plantsgrowwiththeirrootsinwater可知下文dirt的意思是土壤。故选A。【考点】词句猜测12.【答案】C【解析】根据题意oneday,hydrogenicgardensmaybeabletohelphungrypeopleallovertheworldgrowenoughfood-evenincountriesthathavebadsoil,orweatherthatistoohot,toocold,ortoodry.可知，选项C是错误，水生植物不能在太热的天气里生长，这个说法是错误的。故选C。【考点】推理判断13.【答案】D【解析】通读整篇短文可知，这篇短文主要讲述氢化园艺。故选D。3/8【考点】主旨大意B14.【答案】D【解析】根据文中Button'scoffeehouseInside,poets,writersandmembersofthepublicgatheredaroundlongwoodentablesdrinking,thinking,writinganddiscussingliteratureintothenight.Onthewall,nearwheretheStarbuckscommunitynoticeboardnowstands,wasthewhitemarble(大理石)headofalionwithwide-openmouth.可知，白色大理石狮子头在巴顿咖啡馆的墙上。故选D。【考点】细节理解题15.【答案】B【解析】根据文中Thebestofthelion'sdigest(文摘)werepublishedinaweeklyeditionofJosephAddison'sGuardiannewspaper,namedtheroaringofthelion.可知，theroaringofthelion每周出版一次。故选B。【考点】细节理解题16.【答案】A【解析】根据文中Turkishdrinkanddecidedtoimport(进口)ittoLondon.Peoplefromallwalksoflifecametohisbusinesstomeet,greet,drink,think,write,andjoke.可知，土耳其咖啡。故选A。【考点】细节理解题17.【答案】C【解析】根据文中Butmorethan300yearsago,thiskindofbehaviourwasencouragedinthousandsofcoffeehousesalloverLondon.In1712,theStarbuckssite(位置)todaywasoccupied(占据)byButton'scoffeehouseInside,poets,writersandmembersofthepublicgatheredaroundlongwoodentablesdrinking,thinking,writinganddiscussingliteratureintothenight.可知，三百年前的晚上，巴顿家总是吵吵闹闹，人满为患。故选C。【考点】推理判断题C18.【答案】C【解析】Ididnotgrowupinafamilywithbooks.及下文Myprocessofbeingareaderseemedamazing.可知这里是Inmyhome,therewasneithertimenorenergytoread.在我家里，既没有时间也没有精力看书。故选C。19.【答案】E【解析】根据下文Itwasabiography(传记)ofactressGretaGarbo.Ipickeditupandbegantoreadfromcovertocover.可知上文是Oneday,sheputabookonmydesk.一天，她把一本书放在我的桌子上。故选E。20.【答案】B4/8【解析】根据上文Fromthenon,myteacherhadahardtimekeepingmesupplied(提供)withbooks.Shedugupallthebiographiesofwomenthatshecouldfind.可知下文是TheirstorieswerelikeroadmapsthatallowedmetoseewhereIcouldgoonwithmylife.他们的故事就像是路线图，让我知道我的生活在哪里。故选B。21.【答案】D【解析】根据上文Ithasbeenalongroad.Iamnowaphysicsprofessorinauniversity.及下文Recently,someonegavemeJusticeSoniaSotomayor'sautobiography.Onceagain,Iamencouragedandamimaginingnewpossibilitiesformylife.可知这里是阅读在我的生活中起着重要的作用。故选D。D22.【答案】C【解析】根据Oneofmyfriendssometimestakesasideanotherfriendtotalktoheraboutsomethingshedoesn'twantmetohear.Itmakesmefeelsad.WhatshouldIdo?我的一个朋友有时会把另一个朋友带到一边，和她谈论一些她不想让我听到的事情。这让我感到难过。我该怎么办？下文中选项C的建议不错，Discussthiswithher.Trynottosupposethatshetalksaboutyouunlessyouactuallyhearwhatshesays.Butletherknowthatyouareunhappywhenshetellssecretsaroundyou.Ifyoufeeluncomfortabletalkingtoherinperson,youcouldwriteheranoteinstead.和她讨论这个。不要以为她在谈论你，除非你真的听到她说的话。但当她告诉你身边的秘密时，让她知道你不开心。如果你觉得和她当面谈话不舒服，你可以给她写张便条。故选C。23.【答案】E【解析】根据问题Someofmyfriendsareinafight.likethemallequally(同样地),buttheysayIhavetochoosesides.Help!我的一些朋友在打架。像他们一样，但他们说我必须选择一面。救命！选项E的建议合适：Explaintoyourfriendsthatyoulikeallofthem.Youcanplaywitheachpersonorgroupseparately.Iftheydon'tlikethis,thenyoumaywanttofocusonotherfriendshipsuntilthesefriendsworkthingsout.Anotherideaistooffertohelpyourfriendssolvetheirproblems.向你的朋友解释你喜欢他们。你可以单独和每个人或小组一起玩。如果他们不喜欢这样，那么你可能会把注意力放在其他的友谊上，直到这些朋友解决问题。另一个想法是帮助你的朋友解决他们的问题。故选E。24.【答案】A【解析】根据问题Ilookuptomysisters.They'rebothintelligent(聪明的)feelthatI'llneverbeasgoodasthem.我羡慕我的姐妹们。她们都很聪明，觉得我永远不会像她们一样好。选项A的建议合适，It'swonderfulthatyouadmirethem,buttrynottocompareyourselftothem.Insteadoftryingtobelikethem,justtrytobethebestyoupossible.Youwillfindthatyouwillbemuchhappierwhenyoutrytobetruetoyourself,ratherthanwhenyoutryto