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一、钻井作业1．钻台构造，设备，器材类：drillingequipmentmast,derrickfreestandingmastdrillfloorv-doormonkeyboardsubstructuremousehole,ratholeginpolesetbackcrownblocktravellingblockhookswivelpowerswiveldrawworksrotarytablekellykellycockdrumshaftcatheadcatlinedeadlineanchorsandline钻井装置，钻机井架无绷绳轻便井架钻台坡板，井架大门二层台井架底座鼠洞人字架立根盒天车游动滑车大钩水龙头动力水龙头绞车转盘方钻杆方钻杆滚动轴猫头猫头绳死绳固定装置捞绳器workline，drillinglinedeadlinetongpowertongkellydrivesafetyclampelevatorcenterlatchelevatorelevatorchainblockairhoistbushingmasterbushinginsideBOPpipewrenchliftingsubkellyspinnergeolographcablejacketfingerboardsliprotaryslippowerslip大绳死绳大钳动力大钳方钻杆滚子补心安全卡子吊卡中开门吊卡吊环倒链气动绞车补心转盘大补心回压凡尔管子扳手提升短节方钻杆旋转器气测引绳导管架指梁卡瓦转盘卡瓦动力卡瓦2．钻头3.组合Bitconebittri-conebitbitnoggleinsertbitmilledteethbitdiamondbitconebitbreakerholeopennerbitbearingbitdiameterbitlifebitgaugebitteeth(type)bitwear钻头牙轮钻头三牙轮钻头钻头水眼镶式钻头铣齿钻头金刚石钻头牙轮钻头装卸器扩眼器钻头轴承钻头直径钻头寿命钻头规钻头齿钻头磨损drillingassemblydrillstringsdrillstembitsubstabiligerwingstabiligerreamerdrillpipe(drillcollar)heavyweightdrillpipecrossoversubshocksubjars(rotaryjars)bumpersubpupjointjoint(stant)casingscraper钻具组合钻杆柱钻柱钻头接头扶正器翼状扶正器辊轮扶正器钻杆（钻铤）加重钻杆配合接头减震器震击器缓冲器短节，短管单根（立柱）套管清刮器nogglesizenoggleefficiencybitcost(time)midcobit水眼尺寸水眼效率钻头成本刮刀钻头wallscrapertapermillingfrictionjointcasingcentralizer井壁刮刀锥形铣刀耐磨短节套管扶正器4.泥浆循环A．循环系统B.水力学mudpumpduplexslushpumptriplexslush..piston(cylinder)liner(pistonrod)airchamberrotaryhosemudreturnlinestandpipeelbow(tee)crosssuctionlineshaleshakermudgundesanderdesilterdegassercentrifugalpumpmudagitatorgooseneckmudlinehoppermudtanksuctiontankreservepitsludgetankchemicaltankmudditchflowlinepossumvellytankpumpstrokecountermudflowmetermudweightindicatorfilllinemixingpumpsuperchargepump泥浆泵双缸泥浆泵三缸泥浆泵活塞（气缸）缸套（活塞杆）空气包泥浆水龙带泥浆返出管立管弯接头（三通）十字接头,十字管上水(吸水)管线泥浆振动筛泥浆枪除砂器除泥器脱气器离心泵泥浆搅拌器鹅颈管泥浆管线漏斗泥浆池吸入缸储存池加重泥浆池化学药剂缸泥浆槽泥浆出口管计量缸泥浆补给缸泥浆泵冲数计量计泥浆流量计泥浆重量指示器灌泥浆管线circulationnormalcirculationreversecirculationfillingupmudcirculationrateannulusannularvelocityannularreturnvelocitycirculatingpressurehydrostaticpressuremudcolumnpressureofmudcolumnpressurelosssurgepressureswabpressurepressuregradientpressureequilibriumslipvelocitycriticalvelocitycoefficientoffrictionbottomholepressurepressurelossinpipepressurelossinannulusvolumeinsidepipevolumeofannulusmudvolumereturemudpitleveldischargeofpumppumppressurepumpingspeedpumpefficiencyflowrateshearratelaminarflowturbulentflowplugflow循环正循环反循环灌泥浆循环速度环形空间环隙流速泥浆返回速度循环压力静水压力泥浆柱泥浆柱压力压力损失压力冲击抽吸压力压力梯度压力平衡沉降速度临界速度摩擦系数井底压力管内压力损失环空压力损失管内容量环形空间容量泥浆量返出泥浆泥浆液面尖排量泵压泵冲数泵效率流量剪切速度层流涡流塞流lagtime混合泵灌注泥浆泵迟到时间pumpcount泵冲数累计C.泥浆mudconventionallimemudgypsummudsaturatedsalt-waterseawatermudmudoil-basemudheavyviscousmudheavymudweightedmudlight-weightmudlignatemudgel-mudD.泥浆处理剂additivechemicalschemicaltreatmentweightmaterialviscosifierdispersingagentemulsifierwettingagentstabiligingagentcalciumremoverfiltration-reducingPHcontroladdirivelubricantdefoameremulsionbreakerdetergentLCM泥浆普通泥浆石灰泥浆石膏泥浆饱和盐水泥浆海水泥浆油基泥浆高粘度泥浆重泥浆加重泥浆轻泥浆铁铬盐胶质泥浆泥浆处理剂处理剂，添加剂化学剂化学处理加重剂增加剂分散剂，稀释剂乳化剂湿润剂稳定剂除钙剂降失水剂PH控制剂润滑剂消泡剂破乳剂洗涤剂堵漏剂surface-activemateriallignateCMCbentonitebaritemicalimesodiumbichromatepotassiumchlorateasbestosE.泥浆性质及其它cuttingsbottomupfiltercakedehydrationWL.waterlossformationGEL.gelstrengthGELOinitialgelstrengthGELIOten-minutesgelmudconditioningphenolphthaleinviscosityPVplasticviscosityAVapparentviscosityYPyieldpointContaminationofmudSolidcontentSandcontentGascutClaycontamination表面活性剂铁铬盐钠-羧基纤维素土粉，膨润土重晶石云母石灰重铬酸钠氯化钾石棉岩屑携带岩屑泥饼失水失水量破坏地层切力初切力终切力处理泥浆，配泥浆酚酞粘度塑性粘度视粘度（表观粘度）屈服点泥浆污染固体含量含砂量气侵粘土侵5.丝扣类tooljointthreadbox(pin)couplingREGreagularFllfullhole钻杆接头丝扣母扣（公扣）联接器正规扣贯眼扣mudweightalkalinityaciditycolloidgelpolymer泥浆比重，泥浆重量碱性酸性胶体凝胶聚合物IFinternalflushupsetIUinternalupsecEUexternalupsecInternal-externalupsecFlashweldedtooljointthreadprotectertightetloosenmakeupbreakoutthreaddope内平扣加厚内加厚外加厚内—外加厚闪光焊接接头护丝上紧放松上扣卸扣丝扣油muddensitymudtestingfiltrationtestapparatufilterpapermudbalanceV-Gmeterfunnelviscometermudretortsandcontentsettestpaperwhipstockcasingperforatorream泥浆密度泥浆测试失水量测定器滤纸泥浆比重计直接指示粘度计漏斗粘度计泥浆蒸馏器砂量测定器试纸造斜器套管射孔器划眼6.作业A．一般作业drillingworkinginstructionPOH.pulloutoftheholeRIH.runintheholetripshorttripoppenningreamingdeviationsurveycompletionmultiplecomplationperforationleakofftestlaydownsettingslippullingsliplatchingelevatorunlatchingelevatorcutoffworklinestandbywaitonweatherwaitonmaterialchangebitholestraighteningwipertripworkthepipeup&downnippleupwellheadrigup(down)钻进作业命令起钻下钻起下钻短起下钻扩眼划眼测斜完井多层完井射孔漏失试验甩，放倒座卡瓦起卡瓦挂上(门上)吊卡打开吊卡切断大绳待机等候气象等候器材换钻头纠正井眼，纠斜通井上下活动钻杆安装井口安装(拆卸)钻机B．取心corecoringcorebitcorebarrelinerbarrelouterbarrelcorecatchercorehandlingtoolscorerecoveryC.打捞fishingfishingjobfishingtoolsjunkbasketfishingjarsfishingbumpersubbackoffdiecollarovershotsafetyjointmetalpetalbasketcasingbowlmillingtooljunkbasketretrievecore岩心取心工作取心钻头取心筒内取心筒外取心筒岩心爪取心工具取心收获率打捞打捞作业打捞工具打捞蓝打捞用震击器打捞用缓冲器倒扣打捞卡瓦，打捞杯打捞筒安全接头花篮套管打捞筒铣具打捞蓝岩心出筒7．钻井事故和现象8.钻井参数类，仪器类drillingtroublelostcirculationzoneoflostcirculationtostoplostcirculationkickkickcontrolblowoutpitdrillinsideBOPdrillkillingawellstuckfreepointfreepipecalulatingfreepointdifferentialpressure