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定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句Readandfind1.…,hetraveledwithhisfather,whowantedtodotradewiththeChinese.(Para.1)2.HewasveryimpressedbyBeijing,especiallytheSummerPalacewhichhedescribedas“Thegreatestpalacethateverwas”(Para.3)3.TherewereinventionsanddevelopmentsinChinawhichwerenotavailableinEuropeatthattime.(Para.4)4.Hewasalsoconfusedbytheblackstonespeopleusedforfuel.(Para.4)Readandfind5.However,MarcowasluckytomeetanotherprisonerwhoenjoyedlisteningtohisstoriesaboutChina.(Para.5)6.TheprisonerthenwrotethestoriesinthebookcalledTheDescriptionoftheWorld,whichbecameoneof…(Para.5)7.…Marcowasaskedthequestion,“Wasitalltrue?”,towhichhereplied,“Ihaveonlytoldhalfof…”(Para.6)Discussion②③④⑤①⑥⑦DefiningrelativeclauseNon-definingrelativeclauseNocommaWithcommaForward限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句①限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。______________________________________Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.②非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：_____________________________a.Helivesinanothertown,whichisonlyaboutanhour’sridefromhere.b.Soontheyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.形式上意义上译法上不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。用逗号“，”与主句隔开。是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译成先行词的定语：“．．．的”通常译成主句的并列句。Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?Heisateacherofmuchknowledge，fromwhommuchcanbelearned.限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整)Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.他就是汽车被窃的那个人。I’veinvitedJim,wholivesinthenextflat.我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。4．关系词的选用不同限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句不可用that或why来引导关系代词:关系副词:who，whom，whose，that，whichwhen，where，why关系代词:关系副词:who，whom，whose，whichwhen，where，Yesterdayheboughtanewcar，whichwasmadeinJapan.(which不可换用that)Hedidn'tgivethereason，whichexplainedhisabsencefromthemeetingheldlastweek.5．关系词的省略不同在限制性定语从句中，当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时，在口语中可以省略而非限制性定语从句中的关系代词或关系副词不可省略。Istillrememberthedayswespenttogetherincollege.Sheisnottheone(that)sheusedtobe.6．从句所修饰的先行词有所不同限制性定语从句的先行词通常是名词、代词或词组；而非限制性定语从句的先行词除了名词、代词外，还可以是句子。ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.Hewonthefirstprizeinthecontest，whichwasmorethanweexpected.含义不同Ihaveasisterwhoisadoctor.(姐姐不止一个)Ihaveasister,whoisadoctor.(只有一个姐姐)乡镇XX年度秀美乡村建设工作实施活动方案各村、镇直机关单位:为加快推进我镇秀美乡村建设工作,改善农村环境,促进农民较快增收,根据《江西省“整洁美丽、和谐宜居”新农村建设行动规划》和《上饶市秀美乡村建设行动规划》,德兴市秀美乡村建设行动规划的通知。结合我镇实际,制订如下工作方案。一、目标任务按照市委、市政府要求提出“整洁美丽、和谐宜居”的目标,结合我镇实际,计划用三年的时间,XX年安排18个村庄、XX年安排10个村庄、2019年安排8个村庄,进行新农村建设,以“缺什么补什么”“建一片成一片”的要求,持续推进基础设施、村庄环境和公共服务平台整治建设,发展现代农业和特色经济,弘扬优秀文化,创新社会管理,真正实现我镇秀美乡村建设全面整治一遍,把我镇广大农村建成“整洁美丽、和谐宜居”秀美乡村。二、工作原则1、注重发挥“两个积极性”。一要注重充分发挥好农民群众的积极性和主动性,积极引导群众投工投劳,使农民群众成为新农村建设和农村清洁工程工作的主体;二要注重发挥好社会各界的积极性,使社会各界积极融入到秀美乡村建设来,形成齐抓共建的整体合力。三是以村民理事会为管理责任主体,建立完善联动管Which?A.Thethief,whofellofftheladder,wasarrestedbythepolice.B.Thethiefwhofellofftheladderwasarrestedbythepolice.Which?A.Thecustomerswhoarrivedafter9weren’tallowedintothesale.B.Thecustomers,whoarrivedafter9,weren’tallowedintothesale.Which?A.Westoppedattheonlypubinthevillagewhichhadafrontgarden.B.Westoppedattheonlypubinthevillage,whichhadafrontgarden.PracticeA请区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句，那些是非限制性定语从句：1.1、TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.2.2、Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.3.3、Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.4.4、China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.PracticeB区分下列几组句子的不同含义：1.Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。（意含：她还有其他哥哥。）她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。（意含：她只有一个哥哥。）•.Allthebooksthathavepicturesinthemarewellwritten.•Allthebooks,whichhavepicturesinthem,arewellwritten.所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。（意含：不带插图的书则不一定写得好。）所有的书都带插图，这些书都写得很好。（意含：没有不带插图的书。）1、I，______yougoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A、whoisB、whatisC、whatamD、whoamD2、Hiswalkingstick,____hecan’twalk,waslostyesterday.A、thatB、withwhichC、whichD、withoutwhichD3、Theyhavedecidedtofinishtheirwork,______,Ithinkisawisechoice.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、whetherC4、Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_______werebuiltfiveyearsago.A、allofthemB、eitherofthemC、allofwhichD、bothofthatCⅡ.单句改错1．Thisisthefactorywherewevisitedlastweek.2．ThisisthewatchforwhichTomislooking.3．ThepersontowhoyouspokeisastudentofGradeTwo.4．Thehouseinthatweliveisverysmall.5．Thesungivesofflightandwarmth，thatmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow.6．I'vereadallthebookswhichIborrowedfromthelibrary.7．ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveeverseen.8．MyfatherandMr.Smithtalkedaboutthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedinthecountry.9．Everythingwhichwesawwasofgreatinterest.10．Hisdog，thatwasnowveryold，becameillanddied.1、All______isusefultousisgood.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC解析：定语从句中的先行词为all,none等词时，关系代词必须用that,而不是which.故选C。2、Thisistheonlything_____Icandonow.A、whatB、whichC、thatD、allC3、Thisisthelastfactory___heusedtoworkat,manyworkersof_____stillhaveagoodrelationshipwithhim.A、that;itB、which;whomC、that;whichD、which;thatC4、Thetextisoneofthemostinterestingstories_______learntinthepastthreedays.A、thathaveB、thathavebeenC、whichhasD、whichhasb