人教版英语八年级下册单元知识点总结

1Unit1what’sthematter?1.What’sthematter?怎么了？若是询问“某人怎么了?”要用“What’sthematterwithsb.?”拓展：What’sthematterwithsb.?的同义句：What’swrongwithsb.?/What’sthetroublewithsb.?中考再现：Hi,John._____?It’sLucy,mydog.Herlegishurt.A.HowareyouB.What’sthematterC.Who’sthatD.What’sLucylike2.疾病类短语:.havea+疾病.e.g.:haveafever发烧haveacold感冒haveacough咳嗽.havea+身体部位-ache.e.g.:haveaheadache头痛haveatoothache牙痛.haveasore+身体部位.e.g.:haveasorethroat咽喉痛haveasoreback背痛中考再现：Mom,I_____.I’msorrytohearthat,dear.Wemustgotoseethedentistrightaway.A.haveaheadacheB.haveastomachacheC.haveatoothacheD.haveafever3.liedown躺下V.躺，平躺。现在分词是lying.e.g.:Don’tlieinbedallmorning!拓展：lie的词性和含义总结.V.位于，坐落在。e.g.:JapanliestotheeastofChina..V.撒谎，说谎。lietosb.对某人撒谎。e.g.:Don’tbelieveherbecauseshealwayslies..N.谎言。telllies/alie说谎。e.g.:Youshouldn’ttellliestoyourparents.注意含义过去式过去分词躺，平躺位于，坐落在laylain撒谎，说谎liedlied4.if引导的条件状语从句时，主将从现。中考再现：Stopsmoking,Joe!You_____yourselfifyoukeepondoingitlikethat.A.willkillB.havekilledC.killD.killed5.seesb.doingsth.表示“看到某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行seesb.dosth.表示“看到某人做某事”，强调动作经常发生或看到某个动作发生的全过程e.g.:Wesawtheboyplayingcomputergames.2Weoftenseetheboyplaycomputergames.Wesawtheboylockthedoorandwalkoutoftheroom.WhenIwalkedthroughtheplayground,Isawmyfriends_____football.A.playB.toplayC.playingD.isplaying6.get短语getup起来，起床getto(=reach,arrivein/at)到达geton上车getoff下车getinto陷入，参与getin进入，到达getback回来getready(for....)(为....)做准备getonwellwithsb.和某人和睦相处7.toone’ssurprise令某人惊讶的是；surprise是名词，惊讶，惊奇。8.havetrouble/difficultydoingsth.做某事时遇到困难。Ialwayshavemuchtrouble____Englishwords.Canyougivemesomeadvice?A.torememberB.rememberC.remembering9.beusedtodoingsth.习惯做某事。e.g.:Theyareusedtolivinginthebigcity.usedtodosth.过去常常做某事。e.g.：Heusedtoplayfootball,butnowhelikesplayingbasketball.10.takerisks/arisk.冒险。riskV.冒险。11..runout用完，用尽，主语通常是“时间，金钱，食物”等无生命的东西。e.g.：Allthemoneyranout..runoutof用完，主语通常是人。e.g.：Wehaverunoutofourpocketmoney.12.off短语：turnoff关闭，关掉takeoff起飞，脱掉putoff推迟，拖延getoff下车giveoff发出，散发setoff出发中考再现：Wehaveto____thebikeridebecauseofthebadweather.A.putoffB.turnoffC.takeoffD.getoff13..importantadj.重要的unimportantadj.不重要的importancen.重要性中考再现FromtheshowRunningMan,wecanlearnthe________ofteamspirit..makeadecision=decide后接不定式，“做出决定，决定.....”Imadeabig_______tostopdoingmyjobforafewmonths..beincontrolof掌管，控制outofcontrol脱离控制中考再现：Thecarwasoutof_____andhitatreebytheroad.A.dangerB.breathC.controlD.practice14..keep(on)doingsth.继续做某事，坚持做某事。中考再现：Hekept____sothathecouldbeinhealth.A.exerciseB.exercisingC.toexercise.giveup“放弃”代词放中间giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事中考再现:Nomatterhowharditis,don’t_____.Thingswillbebetterinthe3future.A.giveoutB.giveupC.giveaway15.重难点全解：情态动词shouldshould的用法作情态动词时，表责任和义务，意为“应当，应该”,可用于任何人称。肯定句主语+should+动词原形+其他否定句主语+shouldnot/shouldn’t+动原+其他一般疑问句Should+主语+动原+其他?特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+should+主语+动词原形？近义表达：oughtto/besupposedtodo翻译：现在你应该戒烟了。16.易错易混全解toomany表示“太多”，修饰可数名词的复数toomuch表示“太多”，修饰不可数名词muchtoo表示“太”，修饰形容词或副词Themeatis___expensiveandeating____meatisn’tgoodforourhealth.A.toomuch,muchtooB.toomuch,toomuchC.muchtoo,toomuchD.muchtoo,toomanybecause是连词，“因为，由于”，引导原因状语从句becauseof是介词短语，“因为，由于”，后跟名词、代词或动名词Milliemadeafewmistakesintheexam____hercarelessness.A.becauseB.sothatC.asaresultD.becauseofdieV.“死，去世，逝世”deadadj.“死的，死亡的”deathn.“死，死亡”中考再现：LeiFeng____formanyyears,buthisspiritisstillencouragingus.A.diedB.hasdiedC.wasdeadD.hasbeendead4Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.1.hopetodosth.希望做某事，含hopetodosth.的句子可以转换为宾语从句。eg:Ihopetopasstheexam.=IhopethatIcanpasstheexam.agreetodosth.同意做某事decidetodosth.决定做某事refusetodosth.拒绝做某事remembertodosth.记得做某事forgettodosth.忘记做某事trytodosth.尽力做某事wanttodosth.想要做某事2.“动词+up”的短语小结：cleanup打扫干净cutup切碎growup长大setup熬夜setup建立，设立stayup熬夜wakeup醒来，叫醒takeup占用giveup放弃useup用完cheerup使振作起来，使高兴起来（代词必须放中间）putup搭建，张贴makeup组成，编造endup最终成为，最后处于中考再现：Manyvolunteerswillhelpto______thecityparksnextparksnextFriday.A.giveupB.pickupC.cleanup3.giveout：发出，放出（热，光等）Thesungivesoutlightandheattotheearth用完，耗尽Wehadjustreachedhomewhenthepetrolgaveout.公布，发表Thenewsoftheeventwasgivenoutovertheradio.4.give的短语：giveaway捐赠，赠给giveup放弃giveback归还giveoff发出，放出givein让步，屈服givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.给某人某物5.putoffdoingsth.推迟做某事e.g.:Wecan’tputoffmakingaplan.常见的put短语：puton穿上，戴上putout熄灭，扑灭putup搭起，升起，张贴putupwith容忍putaway收起来中考再现:Theyheardthepartywas______becauseoftheexam.6.comeupwith提出，想出（答案，计划等）He____________manyideastosolvetheseproblemalready.7.usedto变否定句或疑问句时常借助助动词did.肯定句主语+usedto+动词原形...否定句主语+didn’tuseto+动词原形...一般疑问句肯定答语Yes,主语+did.否定答语No,主语+didn’t.8.care的延伸:派生词:careful小心的carefully小心地careless粗心的carelessly粗心地短语：carefor照顾，喜欢careabout关心，在意takecare小心takecareof5照顾，照料9.such+a/an+形容词+名词=so+形容词+a/an+名词“如此........”注意：当名词前有many,much,few,little修饰时，要用so,而不用such.中考再现：Wehad_____awfulweather_____wecouldn’tfinishtheworkontime.A.so,thatB.such,thatC.suchan,that10.-ing是名词后缀。e.g.：reading阅读writing写作spelling拼写swimming游泳skating滑冰fishing钓鱼smoking抽烟11.besatisfied/pleasedwith...对....满意satisfactionn.满意，满足12.常见的“take+介词/副词”短语：takedown写下，拆除takeoff起飞，脱掉takeout取出，掏出takein吸收takeover接管takeaway带走takeup占用takeback收回中考再现：I____myfather’swetshoesandwashedhisfeet.A.tookoutB.tookoffC.tookplac