新型可持续建筑

国外新型可持续建筑翻译：张芹原文：SantosHeadquartersFitoutAddress60FlindersStreetAdelaideSACertifiedWed29Oct2008Score62BuildingTypeRefurbishmentOwnerSantosLtdGreenStarAPKristianDowning,BassettProjectManagerLendLeaseCorporateSolutionsArchitectBlighVollerNeildBuildingServicesEngineerBassettConsultingEngineersAcousticConsultantBassettConsultingEngineersLandscapingConsultantJarrettServicesMainContractorBovisLendLeaseProjectOverviewThebuildingitself,locatedat60FlindersStreetinAdelaideCBD,comprisesapproximately15,500squaremetresofofficeaccommodationacross13floors.Uponentry,thecreativityandinnovationthathasgoneintothefitoutisimmediatelyobvious.ThisisanofficedesignthatturnsitsbackonthetraditionalandinsteadprovidesatangiblerepresentationoftheSantosbusinessculture.ThefitoutwasdesignedtoensurealignmentwithSantos'workplaceprinciplesthatwereidentifiedandagreedduringtheinitialbriefingstageoftheproject,whichincluded:afocusonpeople;open;collaborative;increasingtrustandvisibility;flexibleandresponsive;innovativeandencouragingcreativity;functionallyeffective;diverse;and,ofcourse,sustainable.Thehighlydevelopedteleconferenceandvideoconferencesystemisanotherinnovativeenvironmentalsolution.ItssophisticatednaturefacilitateseffectivecommunicationwithSantos'otheroffices,reducingtheneedforairtravelbyemployees.ThefitoutwasdesignedtoreflectandrepresenttheareasoftheworldinwhichSantoscurrentlyoperates.Thismanifesteditselfwiththedesignofeachlevelrepresentingageographicarea,forexampletheNorthAmerica,OutbackAustralia,ContemporaryAustraliaandSouthEastAsialevels.Level1isaDiscoveryFloorwhilelevels10,11and12representLimestone,DesertandRainforestrespectively.TheintegratedstructureofthefitoutenabledBovisLendLeasetoachieveadditionalenvironmentalbenefitsfortheclient,reducingmaterialandlabouruseandensuringthefitoutmetthetenant'sneedwithouttheneedforre-installation.Duringtheconstructionmorethan80percentofwastewasusedorrecycledandSantoshascommittedtoanongoingoperationalrecyclingprogram.Crucialtomaximisingsustainabilitywastheselectionofmaterials,whichincluded:laminatedtimberframingproducedfromoffcuts;recycledspottedgumtimberflooring;useoflowVOCpaints;zeroozonedepletingpotentialrefrigerantsandinsulation;andtheuseofrecycledrubberflooringforthemaincirculationcorridorsandutilityrooms.Therubberflooringwasmadefrom95percentrecycledcartyres.Allfurniturewasselectedtominimiseenvironmentalimpactandsupportthefunctionalobjectivesoftheworkspace,andjoinerywasdesignedfordisassemblyandre-use.Additionally,2,800plantswereinstalledthroughoutthetenancytoimproveindoorenvironmentquality,animportantcriterioninachievingthe5StarGreenStarrating,andtherelocationwasthefirstinAustraliaundertakenusingentirelyreusableplasticcrates,whichweremadefromrecycledplasticratherthancardboardboxes.CentralLibrary（thenewDesMoinesPublicLibrary）OWNER:DesMoinesPublicLibraryARCHITECT:DavidChipperfieldArchitectsASSOCIATEARCHITECT:HerbertLewisKruseBlunckArchitectureFAÇADECONSULTANT:W.J.Higgins&AssociatesENGINEERS:Arup(mechanical,electrical,andplumbing),KJWWEngineeringConsultants(mechanical,electrical,andplumbing),JaneWernickAssociatesandShuck-Britson(structural)COMMISSIONINGAGENT:KJWWGENERALCONTRACTOR:TheWeitzCompanyGROSSSQUAREFOOTAGE:145,500ft2(13,520m2)COST:$30millionCOMPLETED:December2005ANNUALPURCHASEDENERGYUSE(EXTRAPOLATEDFROMTENMONTHS’UTILITYBILLS):88.6kBtu/ft2(1,000MJ/m2)ANNUALCARBONFOOTPRINT:(predicted):40lbs.CO2/ft2(197kgCO2/m2)PROGRAM:Readingareas,stacks,officesProjectOverviewWhenyou’reinsidethebuilding,itfeelslikeyou’resittinginthepark,”saysPaulMankins,whowasthePartnerinChargeforHerbertLewisKruseBlunckArchitecture(HLKB)onthenewDesMoinesPublicLibrary.Mankins,whoisnowapartneratSubstanceArchitecture,wasreferringtothebuilding’sglassskin,whichheconsidersthemostremarkableelementofthedeceptivelysimple-lookinglibrary.It’sanetherealskindesignedtoblurtheboundarybetweenindoorsandout.Achievingthateffectwhileprovidingarespectablethermalenvelopeforcedthedesignerstocollaboratewiththeglazingmanufacturertoincorporateshading—intheformofafineexpandedcoppermesh—intothetriple-glazed4-by-14-footpanels,andthentoinstallthosepanelswithoutexteriormullions.Mankinsadmitsthathisteamhadn’tfullyanticipatedthevisualeffectoftheglazing:“Atsunsetyouseethebuildinggofromopaquecoppertotransparency.Itdematerializes.”Havingprevailedinacompetitiveselectionprocess,London-basedDavidChipperfieldArchitectsofferedfourdistinctconceptsfromwhichthecitycouldchoose.Chipperfield’spresentationtotheselectioncommitteewascarriedonlocalpublicaccesstelevision(andrepeatedseveraltimesonthecontent-hungrystation),andthepublicweighedin.Thelibraryselectedtheschemethathadalsoprovenmostpopularwiththepublic—acurvilineartwo-storyformwithtentaclesstretchingintoasurroundingpark.Thegreenroofwasnotintheoriginaldesign,butwasaddedattherequestofaneighboringofficeoverlookingthebuilding.Thatamenitywilllendaestheticvaluetoothersovertime.thegreenroofprovidesavaluablestormwatermanagementfunctionbymodulatingrunoff.Whenthestormwatersystem’scapacityisexceeded,rawsewageisreleasedintotheriv