【名师面对面】2015中考英语总复习 第34讲 非谓语动词课件 外研版

整理文档很辛苦,赏杯茶钱您下走!

免费阅读已结束,点击下载阅读编辑剩下 ...

阅读已结束,您可以下载文档离线阅读编辑

资源描述

英语第34讲非谓语动词【真题体验】1.—Simon,whatdoIneedtotakeforthehiking?—You'dbetter__B__morewaterthanusual.It'shottoday.(2014,南京)A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.took2.Thelittlegirlwascryingbecausehermotherdidn'tallowher__C__theicecream.(2014,重庆)A.eatB.eatsC.toeatD.Ate3.Manyfastfoodrestaurantspainttheirwallsred,playloudmusicandhavehardseats__B__customerseatquicklyandleave.(2014,杭州)A.makeB.tomakeC.madeD.making4.Grannyoftentellsus__C__waterinourdailylife.(2014,泰安)A.saveB.savingC.tosaveD.saves5.Canyouhearsomeone__C__intheclassroom?ItisMary.(2014,威海)A.singB.singsC.singingD.sang【考点梳理】中考对非谓语动词的考查主要有:1.动名词和动词不定式作主语;2.动名词和动词不定式作表语、宾语;3.动词不定式作宾语补足语;4.动词不定式作目的状语;5.固定短语搭配。高频考点一不定式1.构成:to+动词原形,即:todo形式。其否定形式为:nottodo。如:Theteachertellsmetofinishmyhomeworkafterschool.老师告诉我放学后完成我的作业。2.动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。①作主语Tohelptheoldisourduty.帮助老人是我们的职责。注意:动词不定式作主语时,为了保持句子的平衡,往往用it作形式主语,而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。❶“It's+adj.+ofsb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)……”。这一句型中常用表示性质、品格的形容词,常用的有good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(好的),polite(有礼貌的),clever(聪明的),foolish(愚蠢的),lazy(懒惰的),careful(细心的),careless(粗心的),right(正确的),wrong(错误的)等。如:It'skindofyoutohelpme.你帮了我,你真好。❷“It's+adj.+forsb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说……”。常用的形容词有difficult(困难的),easy(容易的),hard(艰难的),dangerous(危险的),safe(安全的),useful(有用的),pleasant(舒适的),interesting(有趣的)等。如:It'sdangerousforyoutoclimbthattalltree.对你来说,爬上那棵高树是危险的。②作表语Toeatistolive,buttoliveisnottoeat.吃饭是为了活着,但活着并不是为了吃饭。③作宾语常接不定式作宾语的动词有:decide(决定),expect(期望),forget(忘记),hope(希望),pretend(假装),try(尽力)等。如:Iwanttoborrowyourbike.我想借你的自行车。④作宾语补足语常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask(要求),tell(告诉),want(想要),teach(教),wish(希望),help(帮助),warn(警告),invite(邀请),encourage(鼓励)等。如:TinatoldhersistertoturndowntheTV.蒂娜告诉她的姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。⑤作定语动词不定式作定语时,常置于被修饰名词之后作后置定语,且被修饰的名词与不定式的动词有动宾关系或介宾关系。如:Hewantssomewatertodrink.他想要些水喝。(动宾)Hehasnofriendstotalkwith.他没朋友说话。(介宾)注意:❶当不定式修饰的名词是time,place或way时,不定式后的介词习惯省去。如:Hehadnoplacetolive(in).他没地方住。❷有些名词常可用不定式作定语。如:achancetogotoschool上学的机会notimetothinkaboutrest没时间考虑休息awaytolearn(oflearning)English学习英语的一种方法⑥作状语Theyranovertowelcomeus.(表目的)他们跑过来欢迎我们。Paulistooexcitedtosayanything.(表结果)保罗激动得说不出话来。I'msorrytotroubleyou.(表原因)很抱歉打扰你。注意:有些动词不定式在使用时,要省去to。具体有:❶在动词let,feel,see,lookat,watch,have,make,notice,hear等动词后,动词不定式作宾语时,要省略to。但在变被动语态时要加上。如:Iheardsomeoneknockatthedoor.我听到有人在敲门。Wesawhimentertheroom.我们看到他进了房间。❷在wouldyouplease,hadbetter,whynot,wouldrather等结构的句型后,要用不带to的不定式。如:Wouldyoupleasemakeyourbed?请整理下你的床,好吗?You'dbettergotobedearly.你最好早点睡觉。3.特殊疑问词+动词不定式能接不定式的疑问词有:what,which,how,who,when,where等。它们可以在句中作主语、宾语和表语。如:Idon'tknowwhattodo.我不知该做什么。Idon'tknowhowtodoit.我不知道该怎么去做它。Thequestioniswhotogo.问题是谁去。【例1】—Ihaven'tseenmygrandparentsforlong.I'mtoobusy__B_themthesedays.—Whynotcalltheminstead?(2014,凉山)A.visitB.tovisitC.visitingD.visit点拨:too...to...“太……而不能”,由句意可知“我太忙而没有去拜访他们”。【例2】Whenyouleave,pleaseturnoffthelight_D_energy.(2014,天津)A.saveB.savingC.savedD.tosave点拨:动词不定式在此表目的。【例3】Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan_D_others.(2013,十堰)A.helpB.helpingC.helpsD.tohelp点拨:动词不定式作状语。句意为“你总是尽你所能来帮助别人”。【例4】—Whyareyousoexcitedtoday?(2013,南京)—Weweretold_D_apicnicthisweekend.A.haveB.tohaveC.havingD.had点拨:答语是一个被动语态的句子,结合选项内容可知句意为“我们被告知这个周末要去野餐”。tell(sb.)todosth.意为“告诉某人做某事”,其被动形式为(sb.)betoldtodosth.。高频考点二动名词动名词具有名词的性质,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。如:Sayingsomuchisuseless.说那么多没用。(主语)Mygreatestpleasureistraveling.我最大的乐趣是旅游。(表语)Sheenjoysgoingtothecinema.她喜爱看电影。(宾语)Thereisaswimmingpoolhere.这儿有一个游泳池。(定语)注意:(1)初中阶段常见的接动名词的动词或动词短语有:enjoy(喜欢),finish(完成),keep(保持),practise(练习),mind(介意),suggest(建议),bebusy(忙于);beworth(值得),can'thelp(禁不住),giveup(放弃),beusedto(习惯于),stop/prevent/keep…from(阻止),lookforwardto(盼望);feellike(想要);begoodat(擅长);beinterestedin(对……感兴趣);succeedin(成功)等。(2)有些动词既可接不定式也可接动名词形式作宾语,但表达的意思不同。如:①stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做某事②trydoingsth.尝试做某事trytodosth.尽力去做某事③forgetdoingsth.忘了做过某事forgettodosth.忘了去做某事(未做)④rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事remembertodosth.记得去做某事(未做)⑤needdoingsth.需要做某事(被动含义)needtodosth.需要去做某事(主动含义)【例5】—Wow,somanycoinshere!—Right!Myfatherisfondof__C_coins.A.collectB.collectsC.collectingD.collected点拨:befondofdoingsth.意为“喜欢做某事”。【例6】Readtheinstructionsbefore_C__thenewmachine.(2014,白银;平凉)A.useB.touseC.usingD.used点拨:before为介词,后跟动词ing形式。【例7】—Where'sTonynow?(2014,黄石)—Isawhim________inthegardenamomentagoandItoldhim_B_.A.play;gohomeB.playing;togohomeC.toplay;goeshomeD.play;goinghome点拨:seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事”;tellsb.todosth.“告诉某人做某事”。1.Whensummercomes,alotofpeoplefeellike__C__tohavefun.(2014,黄石)A.toswimB.swimC.swimmingD.haveswum2.LiJunalwaysmakeshislittlesister__C__.A.cryingB.tocryC.cryD.cried3.Thanksfor__C__mewithmyscience.(2014,泸州)A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.yourhelp4.Pleaseremember__D__yournotebookheretomorrow.(2014,泸州)A.bringsB.broughtC.bringingD.tobring5.—Grandpahaschangedalot.(2014,黄冈)—Sohehas.Hespendsmoretimethanheusedto__B__gameswiththechildren.A.playB.playingC.playedD.plays6.Thestudentsinthisschoolaremade__A__schooluniformsonMonday.(2014,内江)A.towearB.wearingC.wearD.worn7.Manyyoungpeopletookpartin__A__treesonTreeplantingDay.(2013,白银)A.plantingB.plantsC.toplantD.plant8.—I'mverytiredthesedaysbecauseofth

1 / 20
下载文档,编辑使用

©2015-2020 m.777doc.com 三七文档.

备案号:鲁ICP备2024069028号-1 客服联系 QQ:2149211541

×
保存成功