土木工程专业钢结构课程设计1钢结构课程设计-、设计资料1、已知条件:梯形钢屋架跨度30m,长度72m,柱距6m。该车间内设有两台200/50kN中级工作制吊车,轨顶标高为8.000m。冬季最低温度为-20℃,地震设计烈度为6度,设计基本地震加速度为0.1g。采用1.5m×6m预应力混凝土大型屋面板,80mm厚泡沫混凝土保温层,卷材屋面,屋面坡度i=1/10。屋面活荷载标准值为0.7kN/m2,雪荷载标准值为0.65kN/m2。屋架铰支在钢筋混凝土柱上,上柱截面为400mm×400mm,混凝土标号为C25。钢材采用Q235B级,焊条采用E43型。2、屋架计算跨度:Lo=30-2×0.15=29.7m,3、跨中及端部高度:端部高度:h`=1900mm(轴线处),h=1915mm(计算跨度处)。屋架的中间高度h=3400mm,屋架跨中起拱按Lo/500考虑,取60mm。二、结构形式与布置屋架形式及几何尺寸见图1所示,支撑布置见图2所示。图1屋架形式及几何尺寸土木工程专业钢结构课程设计2符号说明:GWJ-(钢屋架);SC-(上弦支撑):XC-(下弦支撑);CC-(垂直支撑);GG-(刚性系杆);LG-(柔性系杆)图2屋架支撑布置图三、荷载与内力计算1.荷载计算荷载与雪荷载不会同时出现,故取两者较大的活荷载计算。永久荷载标准值SBS改型沥青油毡防水层0.40kN/㎡找平层(20mm厚水泥砂浆)0.02×20=0.40kN/㎡保温层(100mm厚水泥珍珠岩)0.1×6=0.6kN/㎡隔气层(冷底子油)0.05kN/㎡混凝土大型屋面板(包括灌浆)1.40kN/㎡钢屋架和支撑自重0.12+0.011×30=0.45kN/㎡管道设备自重0.10kN/㎡总计3.23kN/㎡`可变荷载标准值屋面活荷载0.70kN/㎡积灰荷载0.60kN/㎡总计1.3kN/㎡永久荷载设计值1.35×3.23=4.36kN/㎡可变荷载设计值1.4×1.3=1.82kN/㎡2.荷载组合土木工程专业钢结构课程设计3设计屋架时,应考虑以下三种组合:①全跨永久荷载+全跨可变荷载全跨节点永久荷载及可变荷载:F=(4.36+1.82)×1.5×6=55.62kN②全跨永久荷载+半跨可变荷载全跨节点永久荷载:F1=4.36×1.5×6=39.24kN半跨节点可变荷载:F2=1.82×1.5×6=16.38kN③全跨屋架及支撑自重+半跨大型屋面板重+半跨屋面活荷载全跨节点屋架及支撑自重:F3=0.45×1.35×1.5×6=5.47kN半跨大型屋面板重及活荷载:F4=(1.4×1.35+0.7×1.4)×1.5×6=25.83kN3.内力计算本设计采用程序计算杆件在单位节点力作用下各杆件的内力系数,见表1。杆件名称内力系数(F=1)第一种组合F*①第二种组合第三种组合计算杆件内力(KN)全跨①左半跨①右半跨②F1*①+F2*②F1*①+F2*③F3*①+F4*②F3*①+F4*③上弦AB00-0.010.000.00-0.160.00-0.26-0.26BCCD-11.35-8.49-3.45-631.39-584.54-501.99-281.38-151.20-631.39DEEF-18.19-13.08-6.25-1011.89-928.19-816.31-437.36-260.94-1011.89FGGH-21.53-14.62-8.46-1197.69-1084.51-983.61-495.40-336.29-1197.69HJ-22.36-13.98-10.25-1243.86-1106.60-1045.50-483.41-387.07-1243.86IJJK-22.73-14.3910.2-1264.45-1127.84-725.05-496.03139.13-1264.45下弦ab6.334.941.83352.13329.36278.42162.2381.89352.63bc15.3611.34.98854.46787.96684.44375.90212.65854.46cd20.2114.147.431124.261024.84914.93475.78302.471124.26de22.1214.449.391230.511104.721022.00493.98363.541230.51ef21.2311.6811.681181.001024.571024.57417.82417.821181.00斜腹杆aB-11.34-8.66-3.27-630.83-586.93-498.65-285.72-146.49-630.83Bb8.816.472.87490.09451.76392.79215.31122.32490.09bD-7.55-5.23-2.84-420.00-382.00-342.85-176.39-114.66-420.00Dc5.393.392.44299.84267.08251.52117.0592.51299.84cF-4.23-2.25-2.43-235.31-202.88-205.83-81.26-85.91-235.31Fd2.620.882.13145.75117.25137.7237.0669.35145.75dH-1.510.22-2.12-84.00-55.66-93.99-2.58-63.02-93.99He0.29-1.251.8916.13-9.0942.34-30.7050.4150.41-27.55eg1.533.4-2.2885.11115.7422.7096.19-50.25115.74-50.52gK2.164.07-2.32120.16151.4446.78116.94-48.11151.44-48.11土木工程专业钢结构课程设计4gI0.490.54-0.0627.2628.0818.2516.631.1328.08竖杆Aa-0.55-0.540-30.60-30.43-21.59-16.96-3.01-30.60CbEc-1-0.990-55.63-55.47-39.25-31.04-5.47-55.63Gd-0.98-0.980-54.52-54.52-38.46-30.67-5.36-54.52Jg-0.85-0.90-47.28-48.10-33.36-27.90-4.65-48.10Ie-1.42-1.430-78.99-79.16-55.73-44.70-7.77-79.16Kf0.02001.110.780.780.110.111.12四、杆件截面设计腹杆最大内力,N=-630.83KN,由屋架节点板厚度参考可知:支座节点板刚度取14mm;其余节点板与垫板厚度取12mm。1.上弦杆整个上弦杆采用相同一截面,按最大内力计算,N=-1264.45KN计算长度:屋架平面内取节间轴线长度Oxl=1507mm屋架平面外根据支撑,考虑到大型屋面板能起一定的支撑作用,取上弦横向水平支撑的节间长度:Oyl=4521mm根据屋架平面外上弦杆的计算长度,故截面宜选用两个不等肢角钢,且短肢相并,见图3图3上弦截面设=60,查轴心受力稳定系数表,=0.807需要截面积*A=fN.=10*45.1246=7287.72mm需要回转半径*xi=mmlox1.2560507.1*yi=mmlox4.7560524.4根据需要的*A、*xi、*yi查角钢型钢表,初选2L18011014,A=77932mm,xi=308mm,yi=88mm。按所选角钢进行验算:土木工程专业钢结构课程设计5x=xoxil=96.483081507<[λ]=150y=yoyil=41.51884524<[λ]=150由于xy,只需求出y,查轴心受力稳定系数表,y=0.84759.1917793847.01065.12643ANyMPa215MPa所选截面合适。2.下弦杆整个下弦杆采用同一截面,按最大内力计算,N=1230.51KN计算长度:屋架平面内取节点间轴线长度Oxl=3000mm屋架平面外根据支撑布置取Oyl=29700/2=14850mm计算需要净截面面积*A=2151230510fN=5723.302mm,选用2L18011012,因为OylOxl,故用不等肢角钢,短肢相并,见图4。图4下弦截面A=67422mm,xi=31mm,yi=87.4mm。x=xoxil77.96313000[]=350y=91.1694.8714850yoyil[]=350所选截面满足要求。3.端斜杆Ba已知N=-630.83kN,Oxl=Oyl=2456mm。因为Oxl=Oyl,故采用不等肢角钢,长肢相并,使xi=yi,选用角钢2L1409010土木工程专业钢结构课程设计6A=4452.22mm,xi=44.7mm,yi=87.4mm截面刚度和稳定验算:x=94.547.442456xoxil[]=150y=66.654.372456yoyil[]=150因为xy只需求y,查表得y=0.76446.1852.4452764.01083.6303ANyMPa215MPa所选截面满足要求。4.再分腹杆eg-gK此杆在g节点处不断开,采用通长杆件。拉力:44.151gkNKN,74.115egNkN压力:52.50egNkN,11.48gkNKN计算长度:屋架平面内取节点间轴线长度Oxl=0.8×2250=0.8×2250=1800mm屋架平面外根据支撑布置取:Oyl=1(0.75+0.2521NN)=450×(0.75+0.2552.5011.48)=4446.3mm选用2L635,见图5。图5再分腹杆egK图6中竖杆KfA=1228.62mm,xi=19.4mm,yi=30.4mm。x=xoxil78.924.191800=53.9[]=150土木工程专业钢结构课程设计7y=25.1464.303.4446yoyil[]=150因为xy只需求y,查表得y=0.32,则5.1286.122832.01052.503ANyMPa215MPa拉应力:MPaMPaAN21526.1236.12281044.1513所选截面满足要求5.竖杆IeN=-79.16KN,llx8.00=0.83052=2442mm,mmlly30520由于杆件内力较小,按=[]=150选择,需要的回转半cmlioxx63.11502.244][cmlioyy03.21502.305][查型钢表,选用2L63×5,其几何特性为A=1228.62mmmmix4.19mmiy4.3015088.12594.12.244cmilxoxx15039.10004.32.305cmilyoyy因为yx只需求x,查表得x=0.406,则MPaMPaANx2157.1586.1228406.01016.793其余各杆件截面选择过程不一一列出,计算结果见表2土木工程专业钢结构课程设计8屋架杆件截面选择表名称杆件编号内力(KN)计算长度(cm)截面规格截面面积(cm2)回转半径(cm)长细比容许长细比[]稳定系数计算应力Mpaxl0yl0xiyixyxy上弦IJJK-1264.45150.8452.42L180×110×1477.933.088.848.9651.411500.847191.59下弦de1230.5130014852L180×110×1267.423.18.7496.77169.91350182.51腹杆Aa-30.61991992L63×512.2861.943.04102.665.51500.53846.29aB-630.83253.4253.42L140×90×1044.5224.473.7456.7167