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I发电企业向大用户直供电战略的利益与风险分析摘要我国已经实现了“厂网分家”电力体制改革，但目前电力系统发电侧的电价竞争机制问题仍然突出，需进一步深化改革，但目前所能采取的措施还是十分有限的，而实施向大用户直供电便能够较好的改善我国的电力体制，这对于发电企业来说是具有转折性意义的。发电企业实施向大用户直供电战略既有利益同时也存在风险，利益方面：发电企业实施向大用户直供电战略，能够在一定程度上增加发电企业的盈利能力，消除电网公司在电力调度过程中对独立发电企业的不公平待遇，也能使发电企业之间形成有效竞争机制，降低发电企业的运行成本，同时，当发电成本增加时也可以将增加部分适当的转移到用户，从而降低发电成本增加对自身的影响。风险方面：在实施向大用户直供电战略后，发电企业就要直接面对用户的电费拖欠风险，同时，由于目前有关直供电的法律法规尚不完善、供电不稳定等因素很可能使发电企业陷入法律纠纷问题。但采取一定的应对措施后，有关风险在一定程度上是可以消除或降低的，从总体上来说，发电企业向大用户直供电战略的实施对其是有积极的转折性意义的。关键词：发电企业；直供电；利益分析；风险分析IIINTERESTSANDRISKANALYSISOFTHEPOWERSUPPLYSTRATEGYTOMAJORUSERSBYPOWERGENERATIONENTERPRISESSAbstractChinahasrealizedthepowersystemreformaboutPowerplantandgridapart,but,nowthepriceofelectricitygeneratingsideinpowersystemcompetitionmechanismproblemsarestillprominent.Reformneedsfurtherdeepen.Alsoistocarryoutthebigusersstraightpowersupplystrategy.Itisenterpriseswiththeliteraturesignificanceforpowergeneration.Powergenerationenterprisesbymajorusersstraighttosupplyimplementationarealsobothinterestsandrisk.Aboutinterests:PowergenerationenterprisesbymajorusersstraighttosupplyimplementationstrategyCan,tosomeextent,increasetheprofitabilityofpowergenerationenterprise,liminatepowergridcorporationinpowerdispatchingprocesstotheindependentpowergenerationenterpriseunfairtreatment,canalsomakeformedbetweenpowerenterpriseseffectivelycompetitionmechanisms,reducetheoperationcostpowergenerationenterprise.Meanwhile,whengeneratingcostincreasescanalsowillincreaseofappropriatetransferredtousers,therebyreducingthecostofelectricity,increasedinfluenceofthemselves.Aboutrisk:Intheimplementationofmajorusersstraighttopowerafterpowerenterprisestrategicdirectlyfacingtheuser'selectricitytodefaultrisk,Atthesametime,becauseofthecurrentlawsandregulationsrelevantstraightpowersupplyisnotperfect,powersupplyunstablefactorsarelikelytopowergenerationenterpriseinlegaldisputes.Buttakecertainmeasures,therelevantriskinacertainextentcaneliminateorreduce,overall,powergenerationenterprisesbymajorusersstraighttotheimplementationofthestrategyforitspowerisapositivesignificanceofliterature.Keywords:Enterprisesofproductingelectricpower,Straightpowersupply,BenefitanalysisRiskanalysis1目录第一章前言........................................................................................................................................................11.1论文选题背景.......................................................................................................................................11.2国内外研究现状...................................................................................................................................11.3论文主要研究问题...............................................................................................................................21.4论文研究意义.......................................................................................................................................21.5论文主题思路框架...............................................................................................................................3第二章目前发电企业面临的困境....................................................................................................................42.1我国发电企业构成...............................................................................................................................42.2发电企业盈亏现状...............................................................................................................................42.3发电企业所处困境分析.......................................................................................................................72.3.1尚未实施脱硫脱磷改造的企业为承担社会责任不得不投入巨资......................................72.3.2煤炭质量大幅下降，机组安全生产形势严峻......................................................................72.3.3电价调整的收入与煤价巨幅上涨的支出相差过大..............................................................72.3.4发电企业售电渠道单一..........................................................................................................82.4实施向大用户直供电的必要性...........................................................................................................82.5发电企业向大用户直供电的可行性...................................................................................................92.5.1应具备的条件..........................................................................................................................92.5.2面临的问题............................................................................................................................102.5.3可行性分析............................................................................................................................10第三章发电企业向大用户直供电战略的利益分析.......................................................................................113.1大用户直供电模式与传统模式比较..................................................................................................113.2直供电模式利益分析..........................................................................................................................113.2.1增加发电企业的盈利能力。.........................................