高自放电培训

A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™高自放电培训杭道金2010-10-19A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™目录1.什么是高自放电2.为什么要控制高自放电3.高自放电基础知识4.高自放电来源5.结束语A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™何为高自放电?HSD:highselfdischarge电池老化前满充电Cellfullcapacitybeforeaging电池老化后残留容量C1再充电后放电容量C2SD（自放电）=(C2-C1)/C2*100%高自放电:SDX%(spec.)A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™为什么要控制高自放电1.A1232009年因为高自放电损失26650损失:约20万颗32113损失:约1万颗总损失=130万美元2009高自放电=15辆×BWMZ4A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™impurityimageelectrodeEL①电极中的不纯物在电解液环境中反应，导致原电池放电容量衰减高自放电类型：1.原电池反应2.因为金属内部短路物理短路化学短路———主要原因3.SEI行程的不可逆容量原因Metalcontamination正极隔膜负极Metalion(Mn+)在正极氧化在负极还原正极金属污染物short②因为正极表面污染物---化学内部短路Mn++e-M2.控制高自放电因为安全要求为什么要控制高自放电A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™Temp.700℃过热：电池温度≥正极临界温度自放电检查防治过热，排除内部短路的电池正极温度放热LiCoO2256℃769J/gLiNiO2210℃1420J/gLiMnO2345℃235J/gLiFePO2480℃550wh/kg各种锂离子电池过热温度微短稳定温度(LimnO2)（≤345℃）≤短路温度（700℃）发生内部短路时有极大地风险导致电池过热为什么要控制高自放电2.控制高自放电因为安全要求A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™负极正极隔膜rMetalContaminationM1.正极表面金属2.污染物在电池充电时在正极表面被氧化，变成离子进入溶液，在电厂作用下移动到负极，并在负极表面得到电池被还原成金属，不断地长大，刺穿隔膜，形成短路，表现为高自放电M－xe→Mx+金属氧化成离子Mx+Mx+移动到负极表面因为电场作用Mx+Mx++xe→M在负极被还原成金属MMx+MM金属在对应的位置迅速长大刺穿隔膜导致自放电12345高自放电知识高自放电的电池一定能在隔膜和负极表面找到相应证据正极表面的金属最易造成自放电高自放电金属:铁、铬、镍、铜、锌等原理A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™将不锈钢粉放入26650正极并卷好充到3.6V并12小时拆解电池分析在电池内部放入不锈钢粉实验不锈钢成分结果t一致不锈钢粉在正极表面，充放电时溶解到电解液中，并在负极表面许出高自放电知识实验A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™即使我们肉眼都发现不了的微小的金属污染物都能导致高自放电，实验表明颗粒(5um)非常容易产生电池内部短路隔膜负极放大四十倍后隔膜负极相机照片小黑点放大后高自放电知识测试A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™不锈钢铁黄铜隔膜负极EDX0.001.002.003.004.005.006.007.008.009.0010.00keV0140500100015002000250030003500400045005000CountsCKaOKaFKaAlKaSiKaPKaSKaSKbClKaClKbKKaKKbCaKaCaKbCrLlCrLaCrKaCrKbFeLlFeLaFeKescFeKaFeKbNiLlNiLaNiKaNiKbCuLlCuLaCuKaCuKbZnLlZnLaZnKaZnKb0.001.002.003.004.005.006.007.008.009.0010.00keV009080016002400320040004800560064007200CountsCKaNKaOKaFKaNaKaMgKaAlKaSiKaPKaSKaSKbClKaClKbKKaKKbCaKaCaKbTiLlTiLaTiKaTiKbCrLlCrLaCrKaCrKbFeLlFeLaFeKescFeKaFeKbNiLlNiLaNiKaNiKbCuLlCuLaCuKaCuKbZnLlZnLaZnKaZnKbAgLaAgLbAgLb2SnLlSnLaSnLbSnLb2SnLrSnLr2,0.001.002.003.004.005.006.007.008.009.0010.00keV01208001600240032004000480056006400CountsCKaOKaFKaAlKaSiKaPKaSKaSKbClKaClKbKKaKKbCaKaCaKbCrLlCrLaCrKaCrKbFeLlFeLaFeKescFeKaFeKbNiLlNiLaNiKaNiKbCuLlCuLaCuKaCuKbZnLlZnLaZnKaZnKb测试高自放电知识A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™污染来源:原材料过程机器环境OOO任何导致污染的源头都应当被找出并改正能到导致高自放电的污染源A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™能到导致高自放电的污染源干燥气封口发现不锈钢颗粒环境空调风管镀锌，有水分时会导致Zn脱落，导致高自放电门的来回移动会是合页产生金属粉尘A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™环境闭门器会导致不锈钢粉移动的开关会产生不锈钢粉尘柜子的磁吸会产生金属粉尘桌角与角铁碰撞会产生金属粉尘能到导致高自放电的污染源A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™crash金属handleofcutterislooseandemissparticlewhenitisusing软管上的螺丝在切刀运行时会碰到机器导致金属粉尘(Fe和不锈钢）卷绕机的皮带切刀的把手松，当被使用时会碰到螺丝电池厂设备气缸运行时黑色物质能到导致高自放电的污染源A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserved.DonotreproduceordistributeoutsideofA123Systemswithoutwrittenauthorization.power.safety.life.™螺栓和螺母碰撞会产生不锈钢粉尘生锈的镊子产生Fe极耳焊接时产生的铜粉磨损的工具刮伤的滚轴电池厂设备能到导致高自放电的污染源A123Systems™ConfidentialInformationCopyright©2007A123Systems,Inc.Allrightsreserve