2012届高考英语考前冲刺经典资料书面表达常用句型一、在英语写作可能使用到的重要句型1)以形式主语it引导的有关句型:(1)“Itis/was+被强调的部分+that(who)+剩余的部分.”例如:①Itwasn’tuntilhecamebackthatIwenttobed.“直到他回来我才睡觉”(一定要注意被强调句型谓语动词否定的转移及形式)。②Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’tcometoschooltoday.“只因为他有病了今天没有来上学”(只能用because而不能用for,as或since)③ItisIwhoamastudent.“我确实是个学生”。(2)“Ithappened(chanced)that+clause.=sb.happened/chancedsth.=sb.didsth.bychance.”例如:IthappenedthathewasoutwhenIgotthere.“当我到那儿时,碰巧他不在”=HehappenedtobeoutwhenIgotthere.=ItchancedthathewasoutwhenIgotthere=HewasoutbychancewhenIgotthere.(3)“Itseemsthatsb.do/bedoing/havedone/haddone=Sb.seemstodo/bedoing/havedone/haddone”(还有动词appear可这样使用)例如:ItseemedthathehadbeentoBeijingbefore.“好像你以去过北京”=HeseemedtohavebeenBeijingbefore.(4)“Itishightime(time/abouttime)(that)主语+shoulddo/did+其它”(注意从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气)例如:Itishightimethatweshouldgo/wenthome.我们该回家了。(5)“Itis/wassaid(reported…)+that+从句.”例如:Itwassaidthathehadreadthisnovel.“据说他读过这篇小说”=Hewassaidtohavereadthisnovel.(6)“Itisimpossible/necessary/strange…thatclause.”(从句中的谓语用should+do/shouldhavedone,其形式是虚拟语气)例如:Itisstrangethatheshouldhavefailedinthisexam.真奇怪,他这次考试没有及格。(7)“Itis+apity/ashame…thatclause.”(注意从句中的谓语动词用shoulddo或shouldhavedone的形式,但should可以省略)例如:Hedidn’tcomebackuntilthefilmended.Itwasapitythatheshouldhavemissedthisfilm.“他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜”(8)“Itissuggested/ordered/commanded/…that+clause.”(从句的谓语动词用shoulddo,但should可以省略)例如:Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputoff.“有人建议推迟会议”。(9)“Itis/was+表示地点的名词+where+从句”(注意本句不是强调句型,而是以where引导的定语从句)例如:ItwasthishousewhereIwasborn.请比较:ItwasinthishousethatIwasborn.(后一句是强调句型。)(10)“Itis/was+表示时间的名词+when+从句”(注意本句型也不是强调句型,而是以when引导的定语从句)例如:Itwas1999whenhecamebackfromtheUnitedStates.请比较:Itwasin1999thathecamebackfromtheUnitedStates.(11)“Itiswell-knownthat+从句”例如:Itiswell-knownthatsheisalearnedwoman.“众所周知,她是个知识渊博的妇女”。(12)“Itis+段时间+since+主语+did.”//“Itwas+段时间+since+主语+haddone.”例如:①Itisfiveyearssincehelefthere.“他已经离开这儿五年了”。②Itwasfiveyearssincehelefthere.(同上)(14)“It+谓语+段时间+before+主语+谓语”(before引导的是时间状语从句)例如:①Itwasn’tlongbeforethepeopleinthatcountryroseup.“没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了”②Itwillbethreehoursbeforehecomesback.“三个小时之后他才能回来”(15)“Itis+形容词+for+sb.+todo.”例如:Itisimpossibleformetofinishthisworkbeforetomorrow.“我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的”(16)“Itis+(心理品质方面的)形容词+of+sb.+todo.”=“主语+be+形容词+todo.”(常用的形容词有:kind,stupid;foolish,good,wise等)例如:Itiskindofyoutohelpme.=Youarekindtohelpme.“你真好给我提供了帮助”2)定语从句中的有关句型:(1)由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。例如:Aswehaveknown,heisamostgoodstudent.“众所周知,他是个很好的学生”请比较:Itiswell-knownthatheisamostgoodstudent.(前一个是定语从句,而后者是个主语从句)(2)由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。例如:Heisaprofessor,whichIhavebeenlookingforwardtobecoming.“他是个教授,那是我一直盼望的职业”(因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词,因此引导词用which,而不用who。(注意:关于which和as之间的比较请看语法的定语从句部分。)(3)由where,when引导的定语从句(其中包括限定性的或非限定性的)例如:①ThisisthehousewhereIusedtocome.请比较:Thisisthehousewhich/thatIusedtocometo.②ThisisthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.请比较:Thisisthedaywhich/thatIjoinedthePartyon.[说明]:关于that与which之间的区别,请看语法中的定语从句。3)让步状语从句中的有关句型:“Nomatterwhat/which/who/where/when/whose+从句,+主句”(注意从句中的时态一般情况用一般现在时态)例如:①Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.请比较:Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.“无论你做什么,一定要做好”②Nomatterwhereyougo,pleaseletmeknow.请比较:Whereveryougo,pleaseletmeknow.“你无论去哪儿,请通知我”[说明]:这两种句型形式不同,而意义完全相同。注意:Iwilltellwhoeverwouldliketoreadit.句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替,因为它既作动词tell的宾语,又作后面从句的主语。4)条件状语从句的有关句型:(1)“When/Solongas/Aslongas/Once+从句,+主句”(从句也可以放在主句之后)例如:①Aslongasyougivemesomemoney,Iwillletyougo.“只要你给我一些钱,我就让你走”②OnceyouhavebeguntolearnEnglish,youshouldlearnitwell.“一旦你开始学习英语,你应该把它学好”(2)“主句+onconditionthat+从句”例如:Iwillgowithyouonconditionthatyougivemesomemoney.“我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱”(3)“主句+unless+从句.”(注意:由于unless本身是否定词,所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定)例如:Iwillgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.“我明天去那儿除非下雨”(4)“祈使句,+and/andthen+主句”(注意:祈使句也可用一个名词短语)例如:①Useyourhead,andyouwillfindagoodidea.“动脑筋想一想,你就会想出一个好主意”②Anotherword,andIwillbeatyou.“你再说一句,我就揍你”(5)“If+necessary/impossible/important等,+主句”例如:[来源:Zxxk.Com]Ifnecessary,Iwilldoit.“如果有必要的话,我来做此事。”5)原因状语从句的有关句型(1)“主句+incase+从句”(incase表示以免)例如:Iwilltakemyraincoatincaseitrains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。(2)“主句+dueto/becauseof/owningto/+thefactthat+从句”例如:Hedidnotcometoschoolbecauseofthefactthathewasill.“由于他有病了,所以没有来上学”6)时间状语从句中的有关句型(1)“When/While/As+从句,+主句”(关于它们之间的区别请看语法)例如:WhenIwasinthecountry,Iusedtocarrysomewaterforyou.“当我在农村时,我常常给你打水”(2)“主句+after/before+从句.”例如:①Theyhadn’tbeenmarriedfourmonthsbeforetheyweredevoiced.“他们绘结婚不到四个月就离婚了”②Wewenthomeafterwehadfinishedthework.“我们做完此工作就回家了”(3)“主语+肯定谓语+until+从句(或时间)”//“主语+否定谓语+until+从句”例如:①Iworkeduntilhecameback.“我一直工作到他回来”②Ididn’tworkeduntilhecameback.“他回来我才开始工作”(4)“Assoonas/Immediately/Directly/Instantly/Themoment/Theinstant/Theminute+从句,+主句.”例如:MyfatherwentoutimmediatelyIgothome.“我一到家,我父亲就出去了”(5)“Nosooner+had+主语+done…than+主语+did.”//“主语+had+nosooner+done…than+主语+did.”例如:①NosoonerhadIgottoBeijingthanIcalledyou.“我一到北京就给你打电话了”②IhadnosoonergottoBeijingthanIcalledyou.(同上)(6)“Hardly+had+主语+done…when/before+主语+did.”//“主语+had+hardly+done…when/before+主语+did.”例如:①Hardlyhadshehadsupperwhenshewentout.“她一吃完晚饭就出去了”②Shehadhardlyhadsupperwhenshewentout.(同上)(7)“Bythetime+从句,+主