高考英语核心动词归类

银杏高中英语学习网1高考英语核心动词归类动词是英语中最活跃的词类，是句子的核心成分。此外，英语动词的变化较多，形式颇为复杂，是英语学习的难点之一。历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点，在单项填空题中所占比例在50%以上。笔者通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析，归纳常考动词十五类，供大家参考。一、连系动词类连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种：1．变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become，go，turn，grow，get，fall等。2．感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel，smell，taste，look，sound等。3．状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep，come，run，remain，stand，lie，stay，prove等。4．外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear，seem，look等。连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个(如feel，get，become，grow等)外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如：Themixtureistastedterrible.(误)Themixturetastesterrible(正)Jimpretendedtobefallingasleepwhenhismothercamein.(误)Jimpretendedtofall/besleepwhenhismothercamein.(正)I'mfeelingmuchbetterthaneverbefore.Itwasgettingdarkeranddarker.Besides,acoldrainbegantofall.【高考例题】(1)[NMET1994]—Doyoulikethematerial?—Yes,it_____verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt(2)[NMET2003]Whydon’tyouputthemeatinthefridge?Itwill_____freshforseveraldays.A.bestayedB.stayC.bestayingD.havestayed(3)[2004春上海]Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain_____astheplanewasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating(4)[2002北京]Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.Ifnot,youmay_____runoverbyacar.A.haveB.getC.becomeD.passed(5)[2004天津]Happybirthday,Alice.Soyouhave_____twenty-onealready.A.becomeB.turnedC.grownD.passed(6)[2004全国Ⅱ]Sarah,hurryup.I′mafraidyoucan'thavetimeto_____beforetheparty.A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange(7)[2004湖北]Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthecoalmine,she_____pale.A.gotB.changedC.wentD.appeared(8)[2004上海]Theflowers_____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt银杏高中英语学习网2(9)[2002春上海]Althoughhehastakenalotofmedicine,hishealth_____poor.A.provesB.remainsC.maintainsD.continues(10)Ilovetogototheseasideinsummer.It_____goodtolieinthesunorswiminthecoolsea.A.doesB.feelsC.getsD.makes(11)[2005浙江]—Owe!I'veburnedmyself!—Howdidyoudothat?—I_____ahotpot.A.touchedB.keptC.feltD.heldKey:CBCBBACBBBA二、感官动词类常考的感官动词有see，watch，notice，observe，hear，feel，find，catch等。感官动词的主要作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。1.后接不带to的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生具体的动作。Ioftenheardthesongsung，butIhaveneverheardyousingit．Whenyougotowatchthefootballwatch，youwillenjoyseeingtheChinesefootballteamwin．2.后接v.-ing形式表正在进行的动作。Seeingthesunrisingabovethesurfaceofthesea，weletontashoutofjoy.Hearingthis，Ifeltmyheartbeatingfast．3.后接v.-ed形式表被动意义。Afterhisreturntwentyyearslater,hefoundhishometowngreatlychanged.AlthoughIhadlearntsomeEnglish,Ihadneverheardawordofitspoken.【高考例题】(1)[NMET2000]Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_______thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout(2)[NMET2003]Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound______inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked(3)Themissingboyswerelastseen_______neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay(4)[NMET1993]Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlwhowascaught______andletheroff.A.tohavestolenB.tobestealingC.tostealD.stealing(5)[2004春北京]Helookedaroundandcaughtaman________hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.puttingKey:CBADD三、使役动词类表“致使”意义的动词称之为使役动词，如make，let，have，keep，leave，set，send等。使役动词的作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语，表达不同的含义。分以下三种情况。银杏高中英语学习网31.make，lethave等后接不带to的不定式，表“使／让某人／某物做某事”。Don'tmakehimdoitifhedoesn'twantto．Ifyouhaveanyproblems，justletmeknow．在被动结构中不定式须带to，但是have不用于被动结构中。Hewasmadetoapologizetotheguest．2.have，keep，leave，send，set，get等后接v.-ing形式，表持续性动作。I'msorrytokeepyouwaitingforsolong.Whydoyouhavehimworryingabouthislessons?3.have，keep，leave等后接v-ed形式，表被动含义。Hedidn'tkeeponaskingmethetimeuntilhehadhadhiswatchrepaired．I’llkeepyouinformedassoonasIhavethenews．【高考例题】(1)[2004天津]Don'tleavethewater______whileyoubrushyourteeth．A.runB.runnigC.beingrunD.torun(2)[2004重庆]Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirchildren'sactionsagainstthelawsgetparentsA.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry(3)[2003春安徽]—Whydidyougobacktotheshop?—Ileftmyfriend______there.A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.waits(4)[NMET1991]Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire______allnight.A.toburnB.burnC.burningD.burned(5)[NMET1989]—Goodmorning,canIhelpyou?—I'dliketohavethispackage______,madam.A.beweighedB.weighingC.weighedD.toweigh(6)[NMET1991]Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn'tmakehimself.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard(7)[1994上海]Asyouhaveneverbeentherehefore,I'llhavesomeone_______youtheway.A.showB.toshowC.showingD.showed(8)[NMET1995]Pauldoesn'thavetobemade______.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning(9)[1999上海]Acomputercandoonlywhatthinkingpeople______.A.haveitdoB.haveitdoneC.havedoneitD.havingitdone(10)[1998上海]Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad______wentwrong.A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired(11)[2005福建]IfanyonehappenstodropinwhileI'mout,______himorherleaveamessase.A.haveB.getC.askD.tellKey:BCACCDABACA四、含情感色彩的动词银杏高中英语学习网4这类动词有excite，inspire，encourage，interest，satisfy，delight，please，move，frighten，surprise，amaze，astonish，shock，worry，astonish，disappoint，discourage，exhaust，puzzle，tire，terrify等。情感动词后接指人的名词或代词作宾语，有v.-ing和v.-ed两种形式，在句中作宾语和表语，v.-ing形式指人，v.-ed形式则指事物。Thestorywassomovingthateveryonepresentwasmovedtotears.Whatdisappointingresult!Wewerealldi