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同源学府-----用心做教育Abilityiswhatyou’recapableofdoing.Motivationdetermineswhatyoudo.Attitudedetermineshowwellyoudoit.1专题:阅读理解题型专项突破之二——推理判断【命题特点】这类题属于主观题，是层次较高的设题。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写(paraphrase)或综合。【常见提问方式】Itcanbeinferred/concludedthat___________.Whichofthefollowingconclusionscanwedrawaccordingtothepassage?Inwhichofthefollowingpublicationwouldthispassagemostlikelybeprinted?Thepassageimplies,butdoesn'tdirectlystatethat___________.Thewritersuggeststhat___________.What'stheauthor'sattitudetoward___________?Thewriterprobablyfeelsthat___________.Theauthorusestheexamplesof...toshowthat___________.判定推理是一种创造性的思维活动，但它并非无章可循。推理判定题要在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，把握文章的真正内涵。一、细节推断题要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判定。【例题】Avisitorvisitsanislandwheretwotribeslive.Onetribealwaystellsthetruthandtheotheralwayslies.Thetruthtellersliveonthewesternsideoftheisland,andthosewholieliveonthe同源学府-----用心做教育Abilityiswhatyou’recapableofdoing.Motivationdetermineswhatyoudo.Attitudedetermineshowwellyoudoit.2easternside.Thevisitorwantstodeterminewhetherthenativebesidehimisatruthtellerornotbyaskingonlyonequestion.Heasksthenative,“Goandaskthenativeinthedistancewhichsideoftheislandheliveson.”Whenthemessengerreturns,hesays,Hesaidhelivesonthewesternsideoftheisland.Isthemessengeratruthtellerornot?Howcanthevisitorbesure?1.Accordingtothemessenger'sanswer,thevisitorcanconcludethat_______________A.Themessengerlivesonthewesternsideoftheislandbecausehetellsthetruth.B.themessengerlivesontheeasternsideoftheislandbecausehisanswermaybealie.C.it'shardtodeterminewhetherthemessengerisatruthtellerornot.D.themessengerprobablylivesinthewesternsideoftheislandbecausehisanswermaybetrue.2.Thenativeinthedistancesayshelivesonthewesternsideoftheisland.Accordingtohisanswer,whichconclusionofthefollowingiswrong?A.Hemayliveontheeasternsideoftheisland.C.Hemaybetellingthetruth.B.Hemayliveonthewesternsideoftheisland.D.Hecan'tbetellingthetruth.二、因果推断题要求考生根据已知结果推测导致结果的可能原因。考生要正确把握文章的内涵，理解文章的真正含义。1Whentheyoungwaitressnearmyhousestartedsayinghellotomeeveryday,Iwasveryhappy.ShewasatleastfifteenyearsyoungerthanI.Onedayshesignedmetocomenear.WhenIwalkedover,sheasked,“Areyousingle?“Why,yes.Ianswered,smilingatherhappily.“Soismymother.shesaid,“Wouldyouliketomeether?1.Thewritertalkedaboutthewaitress'agebecausehethought___________.A.shewasyoungB.itapleasuretomakefriendswithherC.shewasbeautifulD.itstrangeforhertofallinlovewithhim同源学府-----用心做教育Abilityiswhatyou’recapableofdoing.Motivationdetermineswhatyoudo.Attitudedetermineshowwellyoudoit.32.Thewaitresssaidhellotothewritereverydaybecause___________.A.shelivednearhishouseB.heoftenwenttovisithermotherC.shewantedtobefriendlywithhimD.shelovedhimverymuch2Theentertainmentprofessionor“showbusinessattractsmanyyoungpeople.Unfortunately,onlyveryfewcanhopetobecomefamousandsuccessful.Talentisnotenough,becauseshowbusinessisascompetitiveasanyotherbusiness.Withoutagoodmanager,aperformercanneverhopetosucceed.Fashionisimportantinthisbusiness,too.Thebesttailorintheworldwillneverbeasuccessifhemakesold-fashionedclothes.Inexactlythesameway,aperformermustchangehis“actinordertofollowthetasteofthemoment.Thisistrueforactors,dancersandcomedians,butperhapsmostofallsingers.“Popstandsfor“popularandapopsingerhastoworkveryhardtobecomepopular.Hemusteithergivethepublicwhattheyalreadywant,orhemustfindanewwayofsingingthatwillattracttheirattention.Evenwhenhehassucceeded,andhisrecordsaresoldeverywhere,hecannotrelax.Thenhemustworkharderthaneverbecausetherearealwaysyoungersingerstryingtobecomefamousandtostealsomeofthepopularity.Thelifeofasuccessfulpopsingerisnotatalleasy.Hecanonlyrelaxwhenheisalone,becauseeverythinghedoesiswatchedandreportedinthespecialnewspaperwrittenforthe“fans”.Thefansarethemostimportantpeopleintheworldforthesingers.Theybuyhisrecords,theygotohisconcertsandtheymakehimrichandfamous.Buttheycanbeveryannoying,too.Sometimestheirenthusiasmgetsohystericalthattheydoanythingtogeta“souvenir（纪念品）.Theystealhandkerchiefs,theytearoffbuttons,andtheyevencutoffpiecesoftheunfortunatesinger'shair.Manysingershavebeenforcedtohide.Apopsingerhastospendalotofmoneyonclothes,becausehemustalwayslooksmartoratanyratedifferent.Hemusthavealuxuriouscar.And—mostimportant—1.Whymustapopsingerhaveagoodmanager?___________.同源学府-----用心做教育Abilityiswhatyou’recapableofdoing.Motivationdetermineswhatyoudo.Attitudedetermineshowwellyoudoit.4A.ToprotecthimfromhisfansB.TolookafterhisbusinessinterestsC.Tohelphimtochangehis“actD.Sothathecanrelax2.Whymustapopsingerworkevenharderwhenhehasbecomefamous?___________A.BecausehewantstoattracttheattentionofthepublicB.BecausehewantstosellmorerecordsC.BecausehewantstobecomepopularD.Becausehewantstostaypopular3OnceNapoleonstayedinasmallinn.Thenextmorning,hewenttothanktheinnkeeper.“You,haveservedmewell,innkeeper,“saidNapoleon.“Iwishtorewardyou.Tellmewhatyo