搜索
1高考英语阅读理解之技法与实践-----题型识别与技巧点拨和实践莘村中学卓青-QuincyI.阅读理解题的主要类型1.判断指代内容2.语意转换题3.是非判断题4.数字计算题5.归纳主旨要义（中心思想）6.选择文章标题7.猜测词句意义8.先后排序题9.作者的观点态度10.推断题(1）因果推断题2）推断隐含意义3）推断写作目的4）推断文章出处)II、阅读理解题型识别今年高考英语阅读题共有4篇短文，这4篇中有易有难，而每篇短文中的几道题也有易有难，你能够以最快的速度判别出易、难篇以及识别出各篇中的易、难题，进而从易到难，各个突破吗？下面把阅读短文中常见的题型归类，供同学们参考识别。一、主要事实或特定细节题(较易)e.g.1.YoucannottraveltoIndianapolisby________.A.boatB.trainC.bikeD.byair2.ManybuildingsInIndianapolisarewhitebecause____________.3.Onereasonthatmightexplainherpin’ssleeplessnesswas_________.4.TheNorwegianGovernmenttriedto__________.5.Whendidthearmedpolicemenarriveatthehotel?6.WhydidRonMackieleaveschoolatsixteen?*计算题(中等难度),如英语周报第26期C篇的44题:HowmanyGermanscientistsmentionedinthepassagewontheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1986?A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.Four二、猜测词义、句意题(中等难度)e.g.1.Theunderlinedwords“stapup”means______.2.Theunderlinedphrase“cannedmusic”(inparagragh1)refersto________.3.Theunderlinedword“context”(inparagraph3)mostprobablymeans“________”4.Accordingtothispassage,the“qualityfood”fedbysomeparentsisactually_____5.Fromthefirstparagraph,weknow“…theyarealljustafewclicksaway”means“_______”三、先后排序题（中等难度）如.题干：What’sthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?a.Themangotonarockbelowthefalls.b.Themanwastakentohospital.c.Themanjumpedinthefalls.d.TwoAmericantouristtookphotosoftheman.A.a,b,c,dB.c,d,a,bC.c,a,d,bD.d,c,b,a四、主题思想（中心思想）题（包括给短文选标题）（中等难度）e.g.1.Themainsubjectofthepassageis_______.2.Whatisthestorymainlyabout?_______3.Whatisthemainideaoftheparagraph/thispassage?________4.Themainideaofthepassageisthat__________.5.Whatdoesthispassage/paragraphmainlydiscuss?__________6.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?_________7.Whatwouldbethebesttitle/headlineforthetext?五、推理判断题（难度最大）e.g.1.FromthestorywecaninferthatthefirstmanwhowasputintostocksinBostonwas___2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_________.23.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNotTrue?(逆问句子提问)4.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtothepassage?5.Fromthepassagewecandraw/reach/arriveataconclusionthat________六、作者观点、态度和写作意图题（难度较大）e.g.1.Whatistheauthor’smainpurpose?__________2.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsTV?__________.3.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?__________.4.Accordingtothispassagethewriteristryingto_________.5.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterthinksthat_________.练习：请根据下列各题识别出阅读题型（把相应的字母代号填入括号内）A.主要事实或特定细节题（包括计算题）。B.猜测词义、句意题。C.句子排序题。D.主题思想（中心思想）题。E.逻辑推理和判断题。F.作者观点、态度和写作意图题。1.Youcaninferfromthepassagethat_________.()2.Givetherightorderofsurnamedevelopmentinhistory.________()A.b-a-e-c-dB.a-b-c-d-eC.a-b-c-e-dD.b-a-c-e-d3.Thepassagemainlytellsus_________.()4.ThecauseofMarkov’sdeathwasthat_________.()5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“straightforward”inthelastparagraphmean?()6.Thepurposeofwritingthispassageisto__________.()III.阅读理解的解题技巧与实践1、判断指代内容特点：要求考生根据语境判断代词（this,that,it,they,them,one,both等）或代动词（do,does,did,dothat等）究竟指代什么。题干：1.whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“…”referto?2.whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”referto?3.Theunderlinedword“them”refersto________.4.Whatdoesthewordoneinthelinemean?5.Thewordsdidsointhelastsentencemean_______.解题技巧：一般说来，代词的指代内容大多在这一句的前、后句中，特别是前句中，或者是前几句中，有的甚至指代前一段话中的某个内容，找到指代的内容后把它放在那个代词的位置上，看看这句话是否合理，与前后的内容是否一致，然后再判定它是否为正确答案。如、1.Youcomfortedmeinmydarkesthour,Vince,You'vefoundawaytodealwithyourownfrustration.Bydestroyingtheporch,youletthesunshinein,IlikeitverymuchTheunderlinedworditinParagraph10referstothe_______.A.DarkesthourB.FrustrationC.SunshineD.porch2....Thesesuper-thinsportsshoesarecausingastirintheworldofrunningandfitness.Why?Becausesomeexpertsbelievetheycouldmakeyouabetter,moreefficientrunnerandthattraditionaltrainerscouldbedoingyoumoreharmthangood.TheunderlinedwordTheyinparagraph2refersto________.A.ExpertsB.FeetC.ShoesD.Runners.3...Dr.JohnsoninvitedDr.TurnertohavedinnerwithhiminarestaurantbeforecatchingthetrainbacktoLondon.Dr.TurnernoticedthatDr.Johnsonwasfondofgoodfoodandexpensivewines.Theyhadanexcellentmeal.Whenthebillwasbrought,Dr.Johnsonfeltinhispocket.Oh,dear,hesaid.I'veforgottenmymoney.That'sallright,Dr.Turnsaid.I'llpaythebill.Ashedidso,3hebegantowonderwhetherDr.Johnsonwasworthyoftrust.Thewordsdidsointhelastsentencemean______A.CaughtthetrainbacktoLondonB.PaidthebillC.FeltinhispocketD.Saidthosewords2、语意转换题(特殊疑问题）特点：语意转换题是事实细节题中常见的一种，是指题目中的某一选项用不同的词语或句式来表达与文章中某个词语或句子相同的意思。题干：1.Youneedtobuildapositiveself-imagewhenyou_______2.WhatdidDuretdoshortlyaftertheambulancecame?3.WhenwasDuretmostprobablyfoundtobetheveryhero?4.Mary’ssecondbookGrowingUpAgainismainlyabouther_______.5.WhenMaryreceivedthelife-changingnews,she________.解题技巧：(1)迅速定位，缩小范围通过寻读法（scanning)用题干中的关键词在文中搜索，迅速确定相关信息所在的位置，缩小阅读范围。(2)对照选项，确定答案在找到关键词句后，要仔细阅读，正确理解，对照选项，看哪个选项的意思与之最接近。(3)排除干扰，选出答案在作出选择的过程中，要善于辨别真伪，排除干扰，不断缩小范围，选出正确答案。1.BeatrixPotterwasbornintoarichLondon-basedfamilywhereshewastutoredbyverystrictprivateteachersandsospendheryouthisolatedfromotheryoungsters.DuringheryouthshehadalotofpetsandspentvacationsinScotlandandalsothelakeDistrict.ItwasattheLakeDistrictthatshedevelopedaloveofwildlife.Shestudiedthearea'snaturalwonderscarefullyandpainedthemcontinuously.Butherold-fashioned,Manchester-bornpar