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在根据要点写好段落主题句后,就要围绕主题句展开,大体相当于为论点提供论据。1.正反式如谈“诚信与人生的关系”这个话题,可以利用正反式的逻辑组织材料:诚信对人生的重要性;没有诚信的人会怎样。It’sobviousthatanhonestpersonwilldefinitelywinrespectfromothers,whichisofgreatimportanceinourstudyanddailylife,letaloneinthebusinessworld.However,adishonestpersonwilllosehisfameandtrustfromotherssoonerorlater.Nomatterhowintelligentheis,dishonestywillruinhisfuture.拓展主题句主要有以下几种模式:技巧点拨2.递进式如谈论“儿童肥胖的不良影响”,可以从身体上进而从精神上谈论肥胖对儿童造成的不良影响。Asfarasweknow,obesechildrentendtoeatalotbuttheytakelittleexercise,asaresultofwhichtheyoftenfallilleasily.Besides,becauseoftheirappearance,theyhavelessconfidenceinthemselves,whichleadstoisolationanddepression.3.列举式如谈论个人对网上购物的看法。一方面利用正反式谈论其优点和缺点,另一方面利用列举式分别谈其优点和缺点。例如详写其优点：Ononehand,onlineshoppinghasitsadvantages.Firstly,itismuchcheaper.AsfarasI’mconcerned,onlinestoresofferlowerpricestothecustomersandsomedon’tchargedeliveryfeeifwebuymorethanone.Secondly,itismoreconvenientascustomersneedn’twalktostoreafterstoreforwhattheylike.Andit’seasierforthemtocompareproductsonline.4.相关式指围绕对事物起决定作用的相关因素来谈论问题。如就“如何减少交通事故”的主题谈论人们应该如何避免交通事故,我们就可以围绕造成交通事故的相关因素如司机和行人来谈论如何避免。Whatcanwedotoavoidtrafficaccidents?(1)Astodrivers:keeptheiremotionsundercontrol;respectothers(2)Astowalkers/pedestriansandcyclists:strictlyobeythetrafficrules;valuetheirownlives5.细化主题句就“压力对学生的影响”发表自己的看法。(2007珠海调研)Itisobviousthattoomuchpressureisharmfultousstudents.Asweknow,pressurenotonlydestroysourmotivationforstudybutalsoruinsourhealth.6.说明结果或后果你对国家“禁止商场免费提供塑料袋”的看法。(2008深圳一模)Itisnecessaryforthegovernmenttoforbidshopsfromofferingfreeplasticbags.Withthisban,shoppingcustomerswouldgraduallyformahabitofbringingenvironmentally-friendlybagswiththemsothattheconsumptionofplasticbagswouldbegreatlyreduced.7.举例说明。在写出主题句，表明观点后，我们可通过举例子来证明。例子必须紧扣主题句，不必长篇大论，写完例子后用一两句话重申主题。⑴However，thereareotherwaystomakestudentsworkhard.Forexample，teacherscanrewarduswithsmallgiftsifwedoagoodjob.⑵Thereisnodenyingthatconfidenceplaysanimportantroleinourlife.AconvincingexamplethatjumpsintomymindisaboutspeakingEnglish.主题：自信的重要性(观点论证)[提出观点]Self-confidenceplaysanimportantroleinanythingwedo.JustasEdisonsaid,self-confidenceisthefirstsecretofsuccess.[论证]Itisclearthatself-confidencemeanstrustinone’sabilities.语篇模板(正面论证)Ifyouarefullofself-confidence,itwillbringyoucreativepowertoplay，arouseyourenthusiasmforwork,andhelpyouovercomedifficulties;asaresult,yourdreamswillcometrue.(反面论证)Onthecontrary,ifyouhavenoconfidenceinyourself,thereislittlepossibilitythatyouwouldeverachieveanything.Failurewillbefollowingyou.Itturnsoutthatallyourplansfallthrough.[论证]Noonecandenyanotherfactthatself-confidencegivesyoulightwhenyouareinthedarkandencouragementwhenyouarediscouraged.Forexample,thesecretofMadamCurieliesinperseveranceandself-confidence,thelatterinparticular.[得出结论]Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaydrawtheconclusionthatyoumusthaveself-confidenceifyouwanttoachieveanything.(2011佛山一模)ThomasJeffersonHighSchoolDetention(留堂)PolicyTheschoolknowswellthatstudentsneedtogrowandmature.Partofgrowthinvolvesmakingpositiveacademicandlifestyledecisionsorchoices.Ifstudents’decisionsarecontrarytoThomasJeffersonHigh’sexpectationsandstandards,studentswillbeheldresponsible.超级仿写Homeworktimeafterschoolmaybeoneoftheconsequences.ReasonsforAfterSchoolDetentionincludebutarenotlimitedtothefollowing:1.Latehomeworkorincompletework(Adetentionwillbegivenwhenafourthincompleteorlatehomeworkoccursinanysubject).2.Behaviorthatdisturbswithschoolpurposesoreducationalprocesses.Pleaserefertotheteacher’sclassroomrules,RulesofBehavior,andCodeofConduct,whicharepostedineachclassroom.Undernormalcircumstances,astudentwillbegivenawarning(andpossiblyotherin-schoolconsequences)beforebeinggivenadetention.Theywillbewarnedthatfurtherbehaviorofthesametypewillresultinadetention.However,ifthebehaviorproblemissevereenough,thestudentmaybegivenadetentionwithoutawarning.[写作内容]1.以约30个词概括上文的主要内容；2.以约120个词对留堂这一做法进行议论,内容包括:⑴你或你同学的留堂经历；⑵你对留堂制度的看法;(列举式)⑶其它督促学生认真学习的办法。[写作要求]1.作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。[评分标准]概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,语篇连贯。IfstudentsfailtofollowThomasJeffersonHighSchool’srequirements,theywouldbegivendetentionsaspunishment.Reasonsfordetentionincludelateorincompletehomeworkandotherdisturbingbehaviors.ThisremindsmeofmyfriendLiHua’sexperienceinprimaryschool.Oneday,hewastalkingwithanotherclassmateinclassalthoughtheteacherhadwarnedhimseveraltimes.Asaresult,hehadtostayforanextrahourafterschool.Inmyopinion,detentionhasitsadvantagesineducatingmisbehavedstudents.Foronething,withthedetentionpolicy,westudentswilllearnthatweshouldberesponsibleforourbehavior.Foranotherthing,thepolicycanmakeusfinishourhomeworkontime,whichisgoodforouracademicdevelopment.However,thereareotherwaystomakestudentsworkhard.Forexample,teacherscanrewarduswithsmallgiftsifwedoagoodjob.Besides,studentscanbedividedintogroupstocompetewitheachothersothatwewillworkharder.