初中英语主谓一致主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致1.单数名词(代词),不可数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词)作主语,谓语用复数形式。例如:ThedeskisTom’s.这张桌子是汤姆的。Somewaterisinthebottle.一些水在瓶子里。Thestudentsareplayingfootballontheplayground.这些学生正在操场上踢足球。2.manya+单数名词作主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式。例如:ManyastudenthasbeentoShanghai.许多学生到过上海。3.morethanone+单数名词作主语,谓语用单数。例如:MorethanonestudenthaseverbeentoBeijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。4.表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式。例如:Twomonthsisalongholiday.两个月是一个长假。Tweneypoundsisn’tsoheavy.20英镑并不太重。5.主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数。例如:Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat.每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。Everymanandeverywomanisatwork.每个男人和女人都在工作。6.oneandahalf+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:Oneandahalfhoursisenough.一个半小时足够了。7.动词不定式,动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:Toseeistobelieve眼见为实。Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。8.a/an+单数名词+ortwo作主语,谓语动词用单数。例如:Astudentortwohasfailedtheexam.一两个学生考试不及格。9.主语为某些词组,如oneof,eachof,everyoneof,anyoneof,noneof等加复数名词或代词,谓语用单数。如:Oneofmyfavoritesportsisbasketball.10.somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing等不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数例如:Iseveryoneheretoday.今天大家到齐了吗?Somethingiswrongwithhim.他有毛病。Nobodywasin.没有人在家。11.people,police等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式Thepolicearewaitingfortheboy.13.each,either,neither,another,theother作主语,谓语动词用单数。例如:EachofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.他们每人都有一本英语词典。Neitheransweriscorrect两个答案都不正确。14.以—s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用单数形式,如news,maths,physics等,例如:Nonewsisgoodnews.没有消息就是好消息。Mathsisverypopularinourclass在我们班数学很受欢迎。15.由both„and„连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;Bothhisfatherandhismotherarebothteachers.他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。16.anumberof+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数;thenumberof+复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。例如:Anumberoffamouspeoplewereinvitedtoparty.许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。Thenumberofthestudentsisovereighthundred.我们学校的学生数超过800人。17.当kindof,pairof,glassof等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时,谓语与kind,pair,glass等一致。例如:ThispairofshoesisTom’s.这双鞋是汤姆的。Therearetwoglassesofwatheronthetable.桌上有两杯水。18.the+形容词表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数形式,表示抽象概念时,用单数形式。例如:Thepoorareveryhappy,butthericharesad.穷人很快乐,富人却过得不快乐。Thebeautifullivesforever.美是永存的。19.以here,there开关的句子,若主语在两个或两个以上,谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致。例如:Thereisabookandthreepensonthedesk.桌子上有一本书,三只钢笔。Herearesomebooksandpaperforyou.这是给你的书和纸。20or,either„or„,neither„nor„,notonly„butalso„,not„but„,连接两个名词或代词作主语时,根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。例如:TomorJackiswrong.不是汤姆就是杰克错了。Eitherthisoneorthatoneisok.这一个或那一个都行。21当主语部分含有with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,besides,except,but,like等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词由主语的单复数决定。例如:MikewithhisfatherhasbeentoEngland.迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike,likehisbrother,enjoysplayingfootball迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。22“lotsof/alotof/plentyof+名词”或“分数/百分数+名词”作主语时,谓语动词取决于名词的数;若是不可数名词,用单数;若名词是复数,则用复数23.由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时,一般用复数形式,但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人,事物,或概念时,谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下:a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词,指的是同一个人或物;a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词,指两个人或物。例如:Thewriterandteacheriscoming.那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)Thewriterandtheteacherarecoming.作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)24family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语,若指一个整体时,谓语动词用单数形式,若指一个具体成员时,谓语动词复数形式。例如:Peoplehereareveryfriendly.这儿的人很友好。Hisfamilyisn’tlarge.他家的人不多。MyfamilyalllikewatchingTV.我们一家人都喜欢看电视。25none如果指量,动词用单数。若用来指数目,与可数名词连用,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数,none如果代表不可数名词时谓语动词用单数。Noneofthelandhasbecomedesert.这些土地都没有变成沙漠。26all/most/half/twothirdsof/therestof+名词作主语,谓语动词由of后面的名词的数保持一致。Mostofhistimeisspentonstudy.I.用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Twothousandmiles__________(be)toofarforustotraveloverashortvacation.2.Theoldinmycountry__________(be)caredforbytheirchildrenandgrandchildren.3.There__________(be)apairoftrousersonthesofa.4.Tendividedbytwo__________(equal)five.5.TheChinesepeople__________(be)agreatpeople.6.NobodybutTimandTom__________(be)intheroom.7.LiFanglikemanygirls__________(like)dancing.8.Everyboyandeverygirl__________(want)togothere.9.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth__________(be)sea.10.Allofthework__________(be)finished.II.选择填空。1.Therich______notalwayshappy.A.areB.isC.hasD.have2.Theoldwoman,togetherwithhertwograndsons,______crossingtheroad.A.areB.isC.hasD.have3.Thispairoftrousers______Lucy’s.Yourtrousers______onyourbed.A.is,areB.is,isC.are,areD.are,is4.Tenkilometers______averylongwaytogoinaday.A.areB.hasC.isD.have5.Climbinghills______betterthanhavingclasses.A.areB.isC.wasD.have6.Whathewantedtoknow______whytheydidn’ttellhim.A.areB.wasC.wereD.is7.Eitheryouorhe______tostayathomethisafternoon.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is8.Neitherofthetwins______bread.A.likeB.likesC.likedD.islike9.Fishandchips______myfavoritefood.A.isB.areC.hasD.become10.Thesingeranddancer______cometoourcity.A.areB.isC.haveD.has11.Three-fourthsofthewater______gone.A.isB.areC.haveD.were12.Everybody,menandwomen,youngandold,______listeningtotheradiohere.A.enjoysB.enjoyC.isenjoyedD.areenjoyed13.EitherTomorMaria______suretoknowtheanswer.A.areB.beC.isD.were14.Neitheryounorhe______howtoanswerthequestion.A.knowB.knowsC.knowingD.toknow15.Iaswellasthey______readytohelpyou.A.amB.areC.isD.be16.Thenumberofthestudentsintheclass______aboutforty.A.isB.areC.wereD.have四、应用性训练。I.用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Neithertheteachernorthestudents__________(have)enoughtime.2.Mostofthehouses__________(need)painting.3.Apersonwhohasgoodfriends__________(enjoy)lifemore.4.John,together