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1专题复习---单选题解题指导I.考查重点山东高考20072008名词11冠词11代词11时态语态11非谓语动词21情态动词虚拟语气1动词(短语)22形容词副词11介词11从句定从21名从11状从12特殊情景交际11II.命题特征III.解题技巧干扰之一：巧设语言环境命题人在题干中不明确将语言时间或空间背景标示出来，而是巧妙地隐含在句子中.1.1）－HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?－Ihavenoidea.He_____itthismorning.2）－HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?－Yes.He______itthismorning.A.didB.hasdoneC.wasdoingD.haddone2.1）--WhichofthethreewaysshallItaketothevillage?--______wayasyouplease.(2004福建)2）--WhichofthetwowaysshallItaketothevillage?--______wayasyouplease.A.EachB.EveryC.AnyD.Either3.Theprice＿＿,butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.A.wentdownB.willgodownC.hasgonedownD.wasgoingdown4.－Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing?－－Oh,I'mterriblysorry.＿＿＿．A.I'mnotnoticingB.Iwasn'tnoticingC.Ihaven‘tnoticingD.Idon'tnoticing5.—Goforapicnicthisweekend,OK?—_____.Ilovegettingclosetonature.A．Icouldn’tagreemoreB．I’mafraidnotC．IbelievenotD．Idon’tthinkso解题诀窍：1）身临其境，揣摩意图特别是对付考查时态的试题更要将自己置身于所提供的背景之中，同2时注意揣摩命题者的意图；2）认真分析题干里所隐藏的信息如前后动词的时态以及那些貌似与题目无关的信息。干扰设计之二：改变句式结构题干以省略句，疑问句，被动句，倒装句，强调句或使用从句等形式，避开考生所熟悉的陈述句结构，从而达到加大难度干扰考生的目的。例如：1．Whomdoyouwanttohave_______thepartsofthecartogether?A.fixB.tofixC.fixingD.fixed2.Moreattentionshouldbepaid_____goodhabitsofreadingcarefully.A.forformingB.toformC.toformingD.informing3.Youcanhardlyimaginethedifficultythesinglewomanhad_____herchildren．A．broughtupB．bringupC．bringingupD．tobringup4.----Whatmadeyousohappy?-----_______.A.Becauseofmypassingtheexam.B.Ipassedtheexam.C.BecauseIpassedtheexam.D.Mypassingtheexam.5．Whenfirst___tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced6.Hebelievesinhimself，______，inmyopinion,isofthemostimportance．A．thatB．whichC．whatD．As解题诀窍：补充还原法将不熟悉的疑问句，倒装句，被动句，强调句还原为熟悉的陈述句；将引导定语从句的关系代词还原到从句中；将省略句补充为完整句式也可将插入语等多余的部分删除。干扰设计之三：利用思维定势利用思维定势的影响来设题，这是最容易让考生上当的题。因为考生背记了许多语法规则和词的固定搭配，做题时只注意这些熟悉的语法规则和局部固定搭配，往往在没有完全弄清整个题干意思是就作出了选择，结果当然出错。例如：1.Whichdoyouenjoy_______yoursparetime,playingcardsathomeortakingawalkinthepark?A.spendingB.tospendC.havingspentD.tohavespent2.Iwillspendawholeevening_____inyourroomwaitingforthethieftoarrive.A.lockingB.inlockingC.beinglockedD.locked3.MadameCurie，for_____lifehadoncebeenveryhard，wassuccessfullater．A．whomB．whichC．whoseD．that4.Thecountrylifehewasusedto____greatlysince1992.A.changeB.haschangedC.changingD.havechanged解题诀窍：逻辑情理法单项填空象完型填空一样也要以句意通顺、合符逻辑、合符情理为主要选答依据，切勿在未弄清句意的情况下就因为某些固定搭配而上当误选。干扰之四：利用题干惯性此种类型的题多以对话形式出现，学生答题往往会借助原题干的动词时态和结构等来判断选项，结果造成错选。例如：1.－Alice.youfeedthebirdtoday,＿＿＿＿＿?－ButIfedityesterday.A.doyouB.willyouC.didn'tyouD.don'tyou32.—Don'tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow．—_____．A．Idon'tB．Iwon'tC．IcannotD．Ihaven't3.—Wouldyoulendmeyourpenforawhile？—Certainly．I_____．A．wouldB．shouldC．WillD．shall4.—Iwonderifyourwifewillgototheball．—Ifyourwifedoes，so_____mine．A．isB.doC．doesD．Will解题诀窍：1）补全对话；2）分清角色由于这种试题多出现在对话题中，答语往往较简洁，多有省略，拿不准时应将答语补充完整。另外要分清问答语气不同所使用的情态动词也不同，注意汉英不同习惯的表达。干扰之五：利用汉英差异英汉在表达习惯，思维方式等方面具有很多不同，命题者常利用汉英差异出题。如汉语的“参加”在许多情况下都适用，如参加会议，参加考试，参加解放军等，而在英语中则因不同的宾语用不同的动词，如:takepartinthecelebration,attendameeting,jointhearmy,takeanexam,joininadiscussion例如：.1–It’sgettinglate.I'mafraidImustbegoingnow.-OK.______.Ａ．TakeiteasyB.GoslowlyC.StaylongerD.Seeyou2.I'llcometoseeyouif_____.A.you'reconvenientB.itisconvenientforyouC.youfeelconvenientD.itisconvenientwithyou3.Mr.Smithusedtosmokebuthehasgivenitup.A.seriouslyB.heavilyC.badlyD.hardly解题诀窍：留心英汉表达差异平时要多读多比较多归纳，尽量避免Chinglish干扰之六：利用形近义近把相似、相近的词语或结构放在一起作为干扰选项，使基础知识掌握不牢的考生难于区分。1.I’dliketobuyahouse—modern,comfortable,and_______inaquietneighborhood.A．inallB．aboveallC．afterallD．atall2.Howabouteighto'clockoutsidethecinema?-That_______mefine.A.fitsB.meetsC.satisfiesD.suits3.Heisinhospitalforsixmonths．Hefeltasifhewas_____fromtheoutsideworld．A.cutout．B.cutoffC.cutupD.cutthrough4.Amanisbeingquestionedinrelationtothe______murderlastnight.(2004江苏卷)A.advisedB.attendedC.attemptedD.admitted解题诀窍：1）明确词意所选答案要符合句子意思；2）归纳比较平时要特别重视收集归纳比较同义词、近义词和相似词的异同，牢记它们的用法。干扰之七：利用标点符号和连词标点符号或连词往往决定句子后半部分的句子成分。1.1）Tomhasmanyfriends,___canhelphim.A.fewofwhichB.fewofwhomC.fewofthatD.fewofthem2）Tomhasmanyfriends;___canhelphim.A.fewofwhichB.fewofwhomC.fewofthatD.fewofthem42.1)Imetseveralpeoplethere,twoof_____wereforeigners.A.whomB.themC.whoD.which2)Imetseveralpeoplethere,twoof____beingforeigners.A.whomB.themC.whoD.which解题诀窍：借助标点符号或连词，正确分析句子结构。它们往往决定句子后半部分是完整的句子还是句子成份，从而判断所填答案是连词还是代词，是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。解题策略：●把握语境信息●还原或化简句子●克服思维定势●克服母语干扰●注意标点符号和连词提示IV.专题练习1.—Tom,youdidn’tcometothepartylastnight?—I____,butIsuddenlyrememberedIhadhomeworktodo.[2007全国卷II]A.hadtoB.didn’tC.wasgoingtoD.wouldn’t2.—DidPeterfixthecomputerhimself?—He________,becausehedoesn'tknowmuchaboutcomputers.[2007安徽卷]A.hasitfixedB.hadfixeditC.haditfixedD.fixedit3.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent________attheendoflastMarch.[2007山东卷]A．hasbeenlaunchedB．havingbeenlaunchedC．beinglaunchedD．tobelaunched4.—Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.—Sorry.Withsomuchworkmymind,Ialmostbreakdown.[2007福建卷]A.filledB.fillingC.tofillD.beingfilled5.Youcan'timaginewhatdifficultywehad______homeinthesnowstorm.[2007辽宁卷]A.walkedB.walkC.t