高中英语语法复习学案教师版冠词

1高中英语语法复习学案教师版——冠词★Underlinethearticlesinthefollowingsentencesandtelltheusagesofthem1.The(特指)famoussportsstar,whoisalsoa(一个)greatsuccessinbusiness,isinpossessionofa(一笔)hugefortune.2.Asisreported,the(普通名词构成的专有名词前)CPIwentupmainlybecauseofan(元音音素前，表“一”)18.2%riseinfoodprices.(一)不定冠词的用法1.【填冠词】auniversityaone-eyeddogaEuropeancaranhouranX-rayanuglymananhonor【总结】不定冠词有a;an两种形式，当紧跟着冠词的第一个音素为元音（不是元音字母）时用an当紧跟着冠词的第一个音素为辅音（不是辅音字母）时用a【题组训练】1.Iearn10dollarsanhourasasupermarketcasheronSaturday.2.Theteacheraskedustowritean800-word–longcomposition.2.【用英语解释冠词的用法】1)Theyareanage.(=thesame)2)Iwillreturninadayortwo.(=one)3)Hi,John.AMr.Smithiswaitingforyououtside.(=acertain)【题组训练】1.There’sadictionaryonthedeskbyyourside.2.IknowaJohnLemon,butnottheoneyouknow.3.Theyaretwins,sotheyareofanage.3.【填冠词】1)Myworkexperienceandeducationbackgroundhavesuppliedmewithmanyskillsandanunderstandingofdealingwiththeteenagers.2)Hehasafinecollectionofpaintings.3)Aknowledgeofaforeignlanguageisnecessary.4)YouneedXspecializedknowledgetodothisjob.【总结】有些由动词转化而来的不可数名词，如果后面有of,在这些名词前需要加上a或an，即抽象名词的具体化4.【短语】haveacoldhaveagoodtimehaveagiftforhaveawordwith…inahurryonceinawhileatalossforawhileonceuponatimeallofasuddenatadistancehaveapopulationofawasteof…have/takearesthaveaholidaygetalift/ridegoonadietamatterof…【题组训练】1.Idon’twanttohavewordswithyou.Iprefertohaveawordwithyou.2.XW(w)ordcamethatthepresidentwouldinspectthem.【特殊位置】1.WhataninterestingbookIhaveread!=HowinterestingabookIhaveread!what/such/half…+a/an+可数名词单数2.Thisdressistwiceasexpensiveasthatone.=Thisistwiceasexpensiveadressasthatone.so/as/too/how/however+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数3.Thatwasaquiteextraordinaryexperience.=Thatwasquiteanextraordinaryexperience.quite/rather+a/an(+adj.)+可数名词单数(二)定冠词的用法1.【观察】1)TheGreensareattable.2)TheChensaregoingtomovetoLangfang.2【总结】用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或者夫妇2.【观察】theTangDynastytheSpringandAutumnPeriodinthe1990s【总结】用在朝代、年代名词前和逢十的数词（表示某个年代）前3.【观察】1)Ihavehiredthecarbythehour.2)Eggsaresoldbythedozen.【总结】用在表量度单位的名词前，表示“每一”【题组训练】1.ThedietismeasuredinXcalories,whilethefoodissoldbythepound.2.ThecostofthisproductiscalculatedbyXweight.4.【填介词】takesb.bythearmhitsb.inthefacestrikesb.ontheback【总结】句型：动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位5.【短语】makethemost/bestofinthedaytimeintheendinthehabitofinthedistanceinthewayonthewholeontheright/leftatthesametimeontheonehand…ontheotherhandatthemomentgotothecinema/theatregotothedoctor’stheotherdayforthetimebeingontheradio/phoneonthespottotellyouthetruthbythewaytothepublic6.【观察】Howdoyoulikethefilm?【总结】在特指的人或物前，表示“这/那”7.【观察】Thisismyroom,theroomisbrightandclean.【总结】用在前面提到过的人或物的前面，或者与其相关的事物前8.【观察】Pleaseremembertotakethemedicine.【总结】用在双方都知道的人或物前9.【观察】thesun;themoon;thesky【总结】用在世界上独一无二的事物及自然现象前10.【观察】Thecargoesfasterthanthebike.【总结】定冠词可以用来表示类指11.【观察】Thefirstgirlishisyoungersister.【总结】定冠词可以用在序数词前12.【观察】ThisisthebestbookIhaveread.【总结】定冠词可以用在形容词和副词的最高级前13.【观察】Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.【总结】定冠词可以用在形容词的比较级前，表示“两者中较……的”14.【观察】theyoung;theliving;thedead【总结】定冠词用在形容词、动词-ing、或者动词过去分词前，表示一类人、一类事或一类活动15.【观察】Themilkonthetableisher.ThisistheplacewhereIoncelived.【总结】定冠词可以用在被修饰性的名词短语或从句前16.【观察】thepolice;thefamily【总结】定冠词可以用在集体名词或可数名词复数前，表示整体17.【观察】Bellinventedthetelephonein1861.【总结】在表示发明的单数可数名词前用定冠词18.【观察】playthepiano;playtheviolin【总结】表示乐器的名词前要用定冠词19.【观察】inthesouthofFrench【总结】方位名词前用定冠词20.【观察】theChangjiangRive;theSouthSea;MountQilian;TaiwanIsland;LakeMichigan【总结】在江、河、海、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前用定冠词；而山峰、岛屿、湖泊前用零冠词21.【观察】thebarber’s(shop);thetailor’s(shop)【总结】在表示公共团体、公共建筑和店铺的名词前要用零冠词22.【观察】intherain;inaheavyrain3【总结】在表示自然现象的名词前要用定冠词；但是如果名词前有形容词修饰的话，要用零冠词23.【观察】themore,thebetter【总结】“the+形容词比较级，the+形容词比较级”意思是“越……越……”24.【观察】theChristians;theAmericans;theworkingclass【总结】“the+某些名词”表示民族、阶层等25.【观察】exactlythesamecolor;justtherightplace;halfthestory;doubletheamount【总结】在名词词组中，定冠词一般放在最前面；但是词组中有exactly;just;half;double;twice;all;both等修饰词的话，定冠词应该放在这些词后面(三)零冠词的用法1.【观察】1)Fatherwenttohisdoctorforadviceabouthishearttrouble.2)Horsesareusefulanimals.【总结】不可数名词、复数名词表泛指，用零冠词【题组训练】1)HelikestotalkonthephonewhileIpreferwritingXletters.2)WaterischangedintoXsteambyheatandintoXicebycold.3)TheW(w)aterinthewellissweet.2.【口诀】月、季、星期、节假、洲；呼语、头衔、职务前；三餐、球类、惯用语；学科、棋类名词前【题组训练】1)XA(a)utumnistheharvestseason.2)Theorganizationwasfoundedinthespringof2010.3.【观察】1)Hasheturnedscientist?2)Whendidhebecomeascientist?【总结】系动词turn(变成)后的单数名词做表语，用零冠词4.【句型转换】1)Althoughheisahero,hehassomeshortcomings.Heroas/thoughheis,hehassomeshortcomings.2)Thoughheisayoungman,hehasseenmuchoftheworld.Youngmanas/thoughheis,heasseenmuchoftheworld.【总结】as表示“尽管”时，做表语的单数名词放在句首，省略冠词a/an5.【特殊用法】翻译：老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。Theteachercamein,bookinhand./withabookinhishand./holdingabookinhishand./abookheldinhishand.6.【短语】penandinkmasterandservantonsecondthoughtsnosuchboycometolightcometopowergivebirthtoincaseofcome/rankfirstaheadoftimeindebtdayandnightinpublichusbandandwifefatherandsonsunandmoonsidebysideshouldertoshouldercatchfirefacetoface【题组训练】1)MaryisalwaysshyinXpublic,andsheneverdarestomakeaspeechtothepublic.2)Thelittlegirlisveryhappy,XfloweronXhead.3)HeturnedXpoliticianmanyyearsago.【注意】1.名词前有this;that;these;those;som