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2010届高考英语专题系列复习--“It”的用法和“Therebe”结构知识要点：一、代词it用法例句代替前文提到过的东西或事情，用作人称代词。Thisisanewdictionary.Iboughtityesterday.这是一本新词典，我昨天买的。Tomjoinedthearmylastmouth.Doyouknowaboutit?汤姆上月入伍了，你知道这事吗？代替指示代词，起着this或that的作用Isthisyourcar?No,itisn’t.这是你的汽车吗？不是。What’sthat?—It’savideo.那是什么？它是一台录像机。Whoseroomisthis?—Itistheirs.这是谁的房间，是他们的。指明某人或某物的身分，还可指不明性别的婴儿Who’sthere?It’sme.(It’sJohn)谁在那儿？是我。（是约翰）Goandseewhoitisthatrings.It’sBill.去看看是谁来的电话，是比尔。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mTheGreenshaveanewbaby.It’slovely.格林家有一个新生婴儿。它很可爱。指时间，距离，自然现象（天气，气候，明暗）量度，价值等It’sSundaytoday.今天是星期天。It’sthreemonthssincehecamehere.自从他来到这里，已经三个月了。HowfarisittotheGreatWall.到长城有多远？It’sgettingdark.天快黑了。—Howmuchisthecoat?—It’sninetydollars.这件衣服多少钱？九十美元。二、引导词it用法例句形代替不定式短语Itisuptoyoutodecide.这事要由你决定。Itmakesmehappytohearyouhaverecovered.用法例句式主语听说你恢复了健康，这使我很高兴。代替动名词短语It’snogoodsmoking.吸烟没有好处。It’sworthwhileworkingthewholenightontheproblem.用整夜的时间来研究那个问题是值得的。代替主语从句Itdoesn’tmatterwhatyoudo.你干什么都没有关系。Itseemsthateveryonehasknownthenews.好象大家都知道这个消息。形式宾语代替不定式短语Iconsideritbettertobeearly.我认为能够早一些更好。WefounditimpossibletogettherebeforeJuly.我们觉得，要在七月以前到达那里是不可能的。代替动名词短语Wethoughtitnousedoingthat.我们认为做那事没有用。代替宾语从句Theteachermakesitclearthateveryoneshouldhandinhishomeworkontime.老师清楚地指出，每个人都应该按时交作业。三、it在强调结构中强调句型：Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+其它强调部分例句说明主语ItisIwhoamtoblame.是我该受责怪。Itwasyourunclethat(who)cameyesterday.w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m昨天来的是你叔叔。原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态用Itis…that(who)如果原句谓语动词是过去时态，则用Itwas…that(who)。在宾语ItwasanewpenthatMothergaveme.母亲给我的是一支新钢笔。强调时间，地点，原因或方式时不要用when,where,how,必须用that。地点ItwasintheclassroomthatIleftmyumbrella.我把雨伞就落在了教室里。状语时间Itisateleventhatthetrainleaves.火车是在十一点钟离开。方式ItwasjustasheorderedthatIacted.我正是照他吩咐的那样做的。原因ItwasbecausehewasintroublethatItriedmybesttohelphim.正是因为他处境困难我才尽力帮助他。宾补Itwasredthatwepaintedthegate.我们把门油漆成红的颜色。Itwaschairmanthattheyelectedhim.他们选他担任的是主席的职务。therebe结构基本句型结构例句therebe结构肯定句therebe+主+其它Thereisamaponthewall.墙上有张地图。否定句therebe+not+主+Thereisnotamaponthewall.其它墙上没有地图。一般疑问句be+there+主+其Isthereamaponthewall?它墙上有地图吗？肯定与否定Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t.回答是的，有不，没有特殊疑问特殊疑问词+be+—Howmanymapsarethereonthewall?句及回答there+主+其它墙上有多少张地图？—Therearetwo.有两张注1：Therebe句型也可以由其它动词代替be，常用的词有seemtobe,happentobe,appeartobe,usedtobe等词组或用live,come,stand,lie,occur,exist,flow等动词。Thereseemstobemuchhopeofourteambeatingtheirs.好象我们队很有希望打败他们队。Onlytherelivedanoldfishermaninavillagebythesea.从前有一位老渔夫住在海边的一个村子里。注2：Therebe之后如有几个并列主语时，用is或用are要取决于第一个主语是单数还有复数，单数用is,复数则用are.Thereisapen,apencilandtwobooksonthedesk.桌上有一支钢笔，一支铅笔和两本书。Therearetwobooks,apenandapencilonthedesk.桌上有两本书，一支钢笔和一支铅笔。【专项训练】it的用法1、“Doyoulikefish?”“Yes,Ilike.”A．×B．itC．thatD．them2、today?w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA．HowisitB．WhatisitC．WhatisitlikeD．Howistheweather.3、“Doyouwantawatch?”“.”A．Yes,Iwantit.B．Yes,Iwantone.C．No,I’vegotit.D．No,I’vegotthewatch.4、“Whoseexercise-bookisthat?”“hers”A．ThatisB．ThisisC．It’sD．Its5、won’ttakelongtogettoShanghaibyair.A．ThatB．HeC．ItD．This6、Whathehasdonehelpsusalot,?A．isn’theB．doesn’theC．isn’titD．doesn’tit7、Weallthoughtnousedoingthat.A．itB．thatC．thisD．there8、Itookitforgrantedyouwouldcometoourparty.A．whenB．whyC．forwhatD．that9、Howhappytobeabletostudyandlivetogetherwithyou!A．thatwillbeB．isitC．willitbeD．itwillbe10、Ithoughtittobe.w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA．himB．heC．itsD．she11、veryfoolishofyoutosayso.A．It’sB．ItsC．That’sD．This12、It’snothishabitforthings.A．asksB．askC．toaskD．asked13、Ithasbeenagreathonourcomingtovisitme.A．theyB．youC．sheD．he14、Ifoundtohearwhathesaid.A．thatdifficultyB．itdifficultyC．thatdifficultD．itdifficult15、Heisfifty,butdoesn’tA．lookatitB．lookforitC．lookitD．lookhim16、Itwaswhotelephonedmeyesterday.A．himB．hisC．himselfD．he17、Thesentenceiswrong.A．itsB．itC．itselfD．it’s18、isnodoubtthathewillsucceedinhisexperiment.A．ItB．ThisC．ThatD．There19、ItseemsJohn’snotcomingafterall.A．thisB．thatC．ifD．to20、wasahandbagthatJohngaveMaryatChristmas.A．ItB．ThisC．ThatD．Such21、Wastheroomthefamouswriterhadeverlivedin?A．that,itB．it,thatC．it,whereD．that,which22、issaidthathehasbeentomanyplacesintheUnitedStates.A．ThisB．HeC．ItD．That23、Whatyouwantmetodo?A．itisB．thatC．isthisD．isitthat24、Isnotimportantwhowillgo?A．itB．thatC．thisD．×25、Whyisiteveryonethinkshe’sathief?A．becauseB．asC．whenD．that26、beingSunday,thelibrarywasclosed.A．WhatB．ItC．ThatD．This27、Isbelievedheisill?A．it,thatB．he,thatC．it,ifD．he,for28、isknowntousMarydancesbest.A．She,×B．It,thatC．It,sheD．She,who29、“What’sthis?”“aflag.”w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.mA．ThisisB．That’sC．It’sD．Its30、Jackisill.Haveyouheardabout?A．himB．itC．thisD．thatTherebe结构31、Isatypewriterintheroom?A．heB．thereC．itD．has32、There’snooneinthehouse,is?A．itB．heC．thereD．they33、mustbesomethingwrong.A．ItB．HeC．ThereD．They34、thereanyonearound?A．WasB．WereC．ThereD．Has35、usedtobeachurchroundthecorner.A．HereB．ThereC．ItD．Itis36、Itisreportedthatisgoingtobeastorm.A．itB．thereC．×D．theweather37、Therestillalotofworktobedonebeforethehouseisreadyforoccupation.A．areB．wereC．isD．have38、Thereisagirlforthebus.A．towaitB．waitingC．waitedD．wait39、Thereapinetreeatthetopofthehill.A．standsB．liesC．livesD．has40、willbeagoodfilmonattheRexnextweek.A．ThereB．ItC．ThatD．This改错,下列每句所给的选项中，各