小学英语语法及练习题--名词

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美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词1【要点精华】1.定义名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词,专有名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类:1)个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。2)集体名词:表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。3)物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。4)抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不可数名词。2.名词复数的规则变化(情况,构成方法,读音,例词)a.一般情况在名词后加-s清辅音后读/s/map-maps浊辅音和元音后读/z/bag-bags/car-carsb.以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的名词加-es读/iz/bus-buses/watch-watches/brush-brushes/box-boxesc.以ce,se,ze,等结尾加-s读/iz/license-licensesd.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词把变y为i再加es读/z/baby---babies美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词2e.以o结尾的名词,变复数时:1).加s,如:photo---photospiano---pianosradio---radioszoo---zoos;2).加es,如:potato--potatoestomato--tomatoes3).上述a和b两种方法均可,如zero---zeros/zeroes。f.以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时:1).加s,如:belief---beliefsroof---roofssafe---safesgulf---gulfs2).去f,fe加ves,如:half---halvesknife---knivesleaf---leaveswolf---wolveswife---wiveslife---livesthief---thieves3).上述a和b两种方法均可,如handkerchief:handkerchiefs/handkerchieves。3.名词复数的不规则变化1)child---childrenfoot---feettooth---teethmouse---miceman---menwoman---women注意:由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women,如anEnglishman,twoEnglishmen。但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是theBowmans。美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词32)单复同形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,yuan等。4.名词所有格1)在英语中有些名词可以加“’s”来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,例如:Where’sLinTao’sbike?林涛的自行车在哪?2)如果原词已经有复数词尾-s,则仅仅加一个“’”,例如:teachers’office老师的办公室3)如果是复数,但不带词尾-s,则仍然加“’s”,例如:thosemen’shats那些男士的帽子4)如果表示各自的所有关系时,名词末尾均需加“’s”,例如:Jim’sandKate’sglasses吉姆和凯特各自的眼镜5)如果表示共同的所有关系时,仅在最后一词的末尾加“’s”,例如:JimandKate’skite吉姆和凯特的风筝(两个人共同拥有的)6)如果表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,例如:ShallwegotoMeimei’sforsupper?我们一起到梅梅家去吃饭,好吗?7)没有生命的名词所有格用of,例如:Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.这是我家的一张全家福。【实战演练场】一.圈出下列单词中的不可数名词peachinkwaterzoosistercoffeeknifesnowiceteaorangefridgejeeprainwindcarteachermusicearcolawatermeloncherry二.写出下列名词的复数形式1.watch__________2.class__________3.shelf__________4.dog__________5.dish__________6.child__________7.nurse__________8.desk__________9.boy__________美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词410.baby__________11.tooth_________12.eye__________13.sheep_________14.tomato_______15.library_________16.goose_________17.photo________18.telephone_________三.填入所给名词的适当形式1.Wehavethree________(pen).2.Thisisan__________(apple).3.Whereisthe__________(pencil)?4.Thereisalittle__________inthebottle(juice).5.Areyoua__________(driver)?Yes,Iam.6.Thereareafew__________(watch)onthedesk.7.Many__________(shelf)areinourschoollibrary.8.Hehassome__________(ink).9.The__________(girl)inredisMary.10.Howmany__________(people)arethereinyourfamily?Three.四.将下列名词按所给例词的词义属性归类schoolpineapplepandajacketpeachcatpenlibraryhattrousersrulerclassroomlemondresstigerplaygroundinkerasershirtelephantballpoint–pencomputerroomdeerpencil-casesnakeshortssocks1.pencil2.banana3.coat4.wolf5.schoolbuilding五.选择题()1.Thereis__________onthetable.A.PlateB.aplateC.plates()2.Icanseemany__________inthegarden.A.flowersB.aflowerC.flowers()3.The_____onthehillsareallwhite.A.sheepB.sheepsC.doG美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词5()4.Thesenew_____areforyou.A.skirtB.shoeC.shirts()5.Theclockhasthree______A.legsB.legC.faces()6.Theyarenotinthesame_______.A.classB.classesC.familys()7.Isthisyour_____?A.akeyB.keysC.key()8.Theyarehaving_____.A.aclassB.EnglishclassC.Chineseclass()9.Therearesomany_____inthehall.A.peoplesB.peopleC.apeople()10.The_____hassomenicepictures.A.boysB.teachersC.child()11.The_____aredancingattheparty.A.womanB.womenC.man()12.The_____areinRoom408.A.studentB.astudentC.students()13.Who’sthat_____?She’smymother.A.manB.womanC.women()14.The_____arecatchingthethief.A.policemanB.policemenC.policemans()15.Therearenew_____inmyschoolbag.A.knifeB.knifesC.knives()16._____jacketisit?Maybeit’s_____.A.Who’s;TomsB.What;Tom’sC.Whose;Tom’s()17.Thebooksarethe_____.A.teachers’B.teachersC.teacher()18.Therearealotofchildrenintheparkon_____Day.A.childrenB.Children’sC.Childrens’()19.Isitthetwins’bedroom?Yes,itis.It’s_____bedroom.A.AnnandAnna’sB.Ann’sandAnna’sC.AnnandAnna美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词6()20.Thatis_____dog.A.Tom’sB.TomsC.Tom()21._____coatsareverypretty.A.JimandTim’sB.Jim’sandTim’sC.JimandTim()22.Theyaregoingtotheir_____homefordinner.A.unclesB.uncleC.uncle’s()23.Thebigroomis_____.A.thetwin’sB.twins’C.thetwins’()24.March8this_____.A.Woman’sDayB.Womans’DayC.Women’sDay六.根据英语解释以及首字母写单词1.comesafterafternoone_________2.asmallbagwithmoneyinitw________3.thehottestseasons_________4.thefirstdayoftheworkingweekM_______5.thefirstmonthofayearJ__________6.aroomforsleepingb__________7.youruncle’ssonordaughterc_________8.thesisterofyourfatherormothera_________9.themonthafterJulyA__________10.makingyouveryafraid;verybadt__________七.英汉互译1.一位美国医生____________2.许多绵羊___________3.不同的季节____________4.一杯牛奶_____________5.凯特的家庭照__________6.myuncle’sfriend___________7.hercat’sname____________8.thedoorsoftheclassroom_______9.thetwins’mother_________10.LucyandKate’sbedroom_______八.根据中文完成句子1.Whenyouhaveaheadache,youshouldstayinbedandtakesome__________(药).2.Myhobbyiscollecting___________(邮票).3.Many___________(孩子)likewatchingcartoon(卡通片).4.Everymorningwe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