高中英语难点讲解忽视不得的主谓一致【强烈推荐】

本资料由阳光家教网整理忽视不得的主谓一致主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上须保持一致。道理虽然简单，但其牵涉到的要点繁多，出现的形式多样，并可以各种题型出现，故不可忽视。●难点磁场1.(★★★★)—Eachofthestudents,workinghardathisorherlessons________togotouniversity.—SodoI.A.hopeB.hopesC.hopingD.hoped2.(★★★★★)Eitheryouortheheadmaster________theprizeforthesegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.(北京2001二模)A.ishandinginB.aretohandoutC.arehandinginD.istohandout3.(★★★★)Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks________tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered4.(★★★★★)Hisfamily________abigone.WhenIcametoseehimlastnight,hisfamily________watchingTV.A.is;wasB.was;wereC.is;wereD.are;were5.(★★★★★)Thepoor________helpedbygovernmentprograms,________?(2001武汉二模)A.is;isn’titB.is;isn’theC.are;aren’ttheyD.are;haven’tthey6.(★★★★)Asaresultofdestroyingtheforest,alarge________ofdesert________coveredtheland.(2001上海高考)A.number;hasB.quantity;hasC.number;haveD.quantity;have7.(★★★★★)Theteacherandwriter________askedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.A.isB.wasC.areD.were8.(★★★★)Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory________yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided9.(★★★★★)Manypeoplesay10000________alotofmoney.A.dollarisB.dollarsareC.dollarsisD.dollarare10.(★★★★)Thenumberofpeopleinvited________fifty,butanumberofthem________absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were11.(★★★★★)Allthatcanbedone________.A.hasbeendoneB.havebeendoneC.havedoneD.hasdone12.(★★★★★)Morethanone________injuredinthecaraccident.A.havebeenB.hasbeenC.areD.have13.(★★★★)Four-fifthsoftheworkershere________________workers.A.iswomanB.arewomanC.arewomenD.iswomen本资料由阳光家教网整理(★★★★)Togive________toreceive.A.meansB.meanC.isD.are15.(★★★★★)His“selectedpoems”________in1955.A.werefirstpublishedB.wasfirstpublishedC.havebeenfirstpublishedD.hadbeenfirstpublished●案例探究1.Morethan________oftheworkers________fromParis.A.tenpercents;isB.tenpercent;areC.threetimes;wasD.percentsten;comes命题意图：考查分数、百分数的表示法及此时的主谓一致，本题属四星级题。知识依托：分数或百分数+of+名词作主语时，谓语与of后的名词在数上保持一致。错解分析：解该题时易误选A，误把百分之十作为整体处理，而没有考虑到是百分之十多的工人。此时所指为复数概念。解题方法与技巧：与此情况类似的是表示部分和一定数量的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词也应与介词of后的名词保持数的一致。这些词有：:of,plentylots,restthelot,ahalfmost,allsome,举例如下名词分数百分数e.g.(1)Mostofthemoneyhasbeenwasted.(2)Everyyear,lotsofdamageiscausedbyfire.的数而定或应由名词作主语时谓语动词但由amountquantityofamountsof,amountlargeofquanttiesof,quantitylargea例如：(1)Quantitiesoffoodarewastedeveryday.(2)Amountsofmoneywerespentonthisproject.（这两个词的用法是主谓一致中的难点，同时也是常考点）答案：B2.NotonlyIbutalsoMaryandJane________tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.(NMET1989)A.isB.areC.amD.be命题意图：考查主谓一致中的就近原则。本题属四星级题。知识依托：由notonly…butalso连接并列主语时，谓语与最靠近的主语保持一致。错解分析：本题易误选C，易误认为I为主语，而实际上决定谓语单复数的是由JaneandMary决定，应用就近原则，故排除C，同理排除A。解题方法与技巧：熟记要点：在英语中，主谓一致有三个原则：语法一致的原则，语意一致的原则和就近原则。此题是就近原则，所以答案为B。答案：B本资料由阳光家教网整理(★★★★★)Nobodybutyou________whathesaid.(全国重点中学大联考冲刺题)A.agreeswithB.agreesoutC.agreewithD.agreeto命题意图：考查词组“同意……”和主语为nobody类的不定代词时，谓语单复数的确定，该题属五星级题。知识依托：主语为nobody时谓语动词用单数，如果主语被but,aswellas,with等短语修饰，谓语仍与主语的数保持一致。错题分析：该题易误选C、D，选D的原因在于词组记忆不清，用介词to时之后应加具体项目。而选择C就在于误把you做为主语对待了。而实际上nobody才是主语。答案：A4.Sheistheonlyoneamongthe________writerswho________storiesforchildren.A.woman;writesB.women;writeC.women;writesD.woman;write命题意图：考查复合名词的单复数及从句中的主谓一致。本题属于五星级题。知识依托：womanwriter的复数为womenwriters，而定语从句中的谓语单复数是由先行词决定的，先行词为theonlyone。故答案为C。错解分析：本题易误选B，误认为先行词为writers，而实际上由于one被theonly修饰，故先行词是theonlyone，谓语应用单数。解题方法与技巧：本题中我们可以了解，当考查定语从句中的谓语动词形式时，需首先分清楚所修饰的先行词是谁，单数还是复数概念，从而决定从句中谓语的单、复数形式。eg.Maryisoneofthestudentswhowerelateforschool.Maryistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaslateforschool.答案：C●锦囊妙计1.主谓一致有个三原则：语法一致，意义一致和就近原则，无论哪一种，重要的是分清一个句子中，哪是主语，主语是单数还是复数，分清题目属于哪种一致的情况，然后确定谓语形式。这里我们简单总结一下主谓一致中常见的原则：(1)and连接两个名词，但表同一事物，谓语用单数。eg.Thewriterandsingerismybestfriend.(2)each、either、one、theother及不定代词等作主语时，谓语常用复数。eg.Everybodyishere.(3)由连词or、either…or、neither…nor、notonly…butalso等连接并列主语时及therebe句式，Therebe句式中谓语动词应用就近原则。eg.NeitheryounorIamtoblame.(4)国名、人名、报纸名、书名等专有名词虽以-s结尾，形式上是复数，但谓语动词常用单数。eg.TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.但以-s结尾的山脉、岛、瀑布等作主语时，谓语一般用复数。eg.ThephilippineslietothesoutheastofChina.(5)由each修饰的名词作主语，谓语用单数。eg.EachstudenthasanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.TheyeachhaveanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.(6)表示时间、距离、钱、重量的名词作主语，若表示整体谓语用单数，但如强调具体数量，谓语则用复数。本资料由阳光家教网整理(7)表示数量的oneandahalf后面要用复数名词作主语时，其谓语要用单数形式。(8)定冠词the+形容词/分词表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。(9)表示成双成套的名词，如trousers,shoes,glasses,compasses等用作主语时谓语用复数。eg.Hisblacktrousersaretoolong.2.高考中主谓一致的考查一般不会单独考查，常与时态、语态及句式（如倒装句）等相结合考查，此时如不能准确判断，不妨结合其他要点共同确定正确答案。●歼灭难点训练1.Plastics________manyothermaterials.A.hastakenplaceofB.hastakentheplaceofC.havetakenplaceofD.havetakentheplaceof2.Theglassworks________in1980.A.builtB.wasbuiltC.werebuiltD.hasbeenbuilt3.—Wereallthreepeopleinthecaraccidentinjuredintheaccident?—No,________onlythetwopassengerswhogothurt.A.itwasB.thereisC.itwereD.therewere4.Acartandhorse________inthedistance.A.wereB.seeC.areseenD.wasseen5.Noonebutherparents________it.A.knowB.knowsC.isknowingD.areknowing6.TheOlympicGames__