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第1页共10页高中英语非谓语动词的命题设计常见模式与解题策略【模式1】名词+不定式（介词）(作定语)【策略】1、把握不定式动词的性质，要不要介词；2、把握不定式的逻辑主语，确定主、被动语态。3、理论指导：当句子的主语为不定式的逻辑主语时用主动形式。①Iwantsomethingtoeat.(Ieat.)②Iwantaroomtolivein.(Iliveintheroom.)③TomorrowIwillgotoBeijing,doyouhaveanythingtobetaken?【模式2】不定式的省略（to）【策略】1、无论肯定或否定，保留到to；2、如果不定式为被动式或完成式，则保留到be/have.①--Wouldyouliketogowithme?--I’dliketo,butIhaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.②Tommylikedtoplayfootballinthestreet,buthismotheralwaystoldhimnotto.③--Ididn’ttellherthebadnews.–Oh,yououghttohave.【模式3】只带to【策略】1、部分动词的记忆（从不认识的单词开始，动词略）；2、序数词+不定式①HepretendednottoseemewhenIsaidhitohiminthestreet.②LaoWangisahard-workingman.Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.【模式4】带不带to【策略】1、从不带to入手，注意例外；2、理论指导：①使役动词(let,make,have等后省to;★get后带to);②感官动词(see,watch,notice,listen,hear,feel等后省to);③but(to)do/except(to)do（谓语部分含实意动词的do则省to;无则带to。）;④why(not)do(wh-词后接不定式的特例)。说明：参考答案为斜体，下同。①Sometimesourteachers____ustodomuchhomework.(let/make/have/get)②Todaymorning,Ihadnothingtodobut(except)___(tosleep/sleep)allmorning.③Inwinter,someanimalshavenochoicebut(except)___(tohibernate/hibernate).④Whynotjoinusinthediscussion?⑤Ioftenhearhimsingthissong.(Hewasoftenheardtosingthissong.)【模式5】表示动作的目的（to）【策略】经过判断如表示动作目的，首先考虑使用不定式。①Weclimbedtothetopoftower___abetterviewofthearea.(getting/got/havinggot/toget)②--Whywasaspecialmeetingwascalled?--___.(Toelect/Electing/Ourelecting/Elected)③___timeandlabor,cartoonistsgenerallydrawthehandsoftheircharacterswithonly3fingersandathumb.(Tosave/Saved/Saving/Havingsaved)【模式6】只带doing第2页共10页【策略】1、部分动词的记忆（从不认识的单词开始，动词略）；2、句型结构；3、比较使用不定式的结构（同时关注不定式逻辑主语的引入结构）。★Itis/was(no)+n.(use/good)+doing.（名词后接doing）★Itis/wasnotany+n.(use/good)+doing.（名词后接doing）①Itisnousearguingwithhim.②Itisnouseregrettingthespoiledmilk.★Itis/was+adj.+todosth…(形容词后接todo)★Itis/was+adj.+for/ofsb.+todosth.(不定式逻辑主语的引入结构)【模式7】动名词的复合结构（关注否定式）【策略】1、动名词复合结构的全面掌握（原式和略式—句子成分）；2、理论指导：动名词复合结构由“逻辑主语+动名词”构成。当此结构充当主语时，用原式即“名词所有格或形容词物主代词+动名词”；作宾语或表语时用略式即“名词普通格或宾格代词+动名词”。动名词复合结构的否定式中的not在逻辑主语之后。①___themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.(Tomwillattend/Tomtoattend/Tomattended/Tom’sattending)②Davidapologizedfor___toinformmeofthechangeintheplan.(hisnotbeingable/hisbeingnotable/himnottobeable/himtobenotable)③Isthereanypossibilityofthefilm___inParisInternationalFestival?(tryingout/triedout/totryout/beingtriedout)【模式8】后接不定式与动名词之别【策略】1、基本理论；2、特别句型（参见模式6）；3、理论指导：①双接，无含义差别；②双接，含义差别不大（长短期习惯）；③双接，含义不同（记忆特别的动词）；④特别的动词有：stopdoingsth/stoptodosth（停止做某事/停下来去做某事）rememberdoingsth/remembertodosth（记得做过某事/记住要去做某事）meandoingsth/meantodosth（意味某事/打算做某事）forgetdoingsth/forgettodosth（忘记做过某事/忘记去做某事）trydoingsth/trytodosth（试着做某事/尽力去做某事）needdoingsth/needtodosth（某事需要被做/需要去做某事）can’thelpdoingsth/can’thelptodosth（情不自禁做某事/不能帮忙做某事）【模式9】主动表被动【策略】1、基本理论和基本句型。2、理论指导：●英语中有些动词形式上是主动结构，但意义是被动的。如：wash,open,write,sell,let,blame等。①Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.②Thedooropenseasily.③Thepenwriteswell.④Thenovelsellswell.●beworthdoing中的doing主动表示被动(比较beworthyof结构)。①Thesebooksareworthreading.(只接动名词)②Thesebooksareworthyofbeingread/toberead.（既接动名词又接不定式）●英语中有些动词，如want,need,require等后接动名词时主动表示被动，但接不定式时却用被动形式。①Thebikeneedsrepairing/toberepaired.第3页共10页②Thisplanrequiresdiscussing/tobediscussed.●形容词后接的不定式作状语时主动表被动。①ThearticleswrittenbyLuxunarehardtoread.②Heishardtogetalongwith.【模式10】独立分词（结构）/独立主格结构【策略】1、从分析句子结构着手，注意主动（现在分词）和被动（过去分词），2、几点例外（例⑤⑥）。3、理论指导：当句子的主语与独立结构中的动词不形成逻辑上的主谓（主动）或动宾（被动）关系时，根据全句的含义加上自己的逻辑主语，此时形成独立主格结构；部分非谓语动词词组需单独使用，此时形成独立分词（结构）。①___afinesay,wedecidedtogooutforapicnic.(Having/Being/What/Itbeing)③Thesoldierrushedintothecave,hisrighthand___agunandhisface___withsweat.(held,covered/holding,covering/holding,covered/held,covering)④Time___(permitting/permitted),theywillstarttodoanewjob.⑤Totell(you)thetruth/believeitornot/lostinthought/suppose…⑥Considering/Judging/Generallyspeaking/supposing…【模式11】连词+分词（-ed）【策略】1、定语从句和状语从句与分词结构的相互转换，状语从句中的连词可保留；2、分词多为-ed分词，如动词为不及物动词类则用-ing分词。①When___whyhewaslatefortheconcert,themanmadenoanswer.(asking/toask/ask/asked)②The18-storeyedbuilding,when___,willshutoutthesunlightingtherooms.(completing/complete/completed/tocomplete)③Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen___atthemeetingbytheboss.(questioned/questioning/havingquestioned/tobequestioned)④If___ill,I’llstayathome___agoodrest.(falling,taking/tofall,taking/fall,totaking/falling,take)【模式12】–ed分词（be+-ed+prep.）【策略】1.基本词组的记忆与略化（省略be后的结构）;2.标志词by/as①___atfailingintheexam,Johnfeltunhappy.(Disappointed/Tobedisappointed/Disappointing/Havingdisappointed)②___inapoorfamily,hisparentscouldn’taffordtopayhisschooling.(Born/Beingborn/Bearing/Havingbeenborn)④___bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidednottogohome.(Attracting/Attracted/Tobeattracted/Havingattracted)⑤LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,___as3M.(knowing/known/beingknown/tobeknown)【模式13】-ed.与–ing.【策略】1、主动与被动；2、人（-ed）与物(-ing)。①Weallfelt___(exciting/excited)atthe___news.(exciting/excited)②Thebabywas___(terrifying/terrified)bythe___(terrifying/terrified)charactersinthemovie.第4页共10页③The___(puzzling/puzzled)expressiononherfacesuggestedthatshewas___(puzzling/puzzled)bythepro