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11CA...B....C......D......2.?AA.2224,50%60%B.1822,50%60%C.2224,60%70%D.1822,60%70%3.?BA.2224,50%60%B.1822,50%60%C.2224,60%70%D.1822,60%70%4CA.2g/dB.5g/dC.6g/dD.8g/d5BA..B..C.H.D.M.6DA...B...C...D...7BA....B....C....D....8AA.B.C.D.9DA.B.2C.D.10CA.B.C.D.11CA.2hB.6hC.24hD.48h12AA.I(35%)II(35%)B.I(35%)II(35%)C.I(25%)II(25%)D.I(25%)II(25%)1305BA.2B.3C.4D.514AA.B.C.D.15ABCA.AB.BC.A,BD.AB16BA.AllisB.HumansC.trendelenburgD.Thomas17()AA.B.3C.D.18AA.22cm2cmB.27cm2cmC.22cm2cmD.27cm2cm19DA.22cm2cmB.27cm2cmC.22cm2cmD.27cm2cm201,2,32CA.120139mmHg()8089mmHgB.140159mmHg()9099mmHgC.160179mmHg()100109mmHgD.180mmHg()110mmHg21CA.4mmB.5---9mmC.10--19mmD.20mm22.AA.B.C.D.2322BA.6hB.12hC.24hD.48h24AA.B.C.D.25WHO1999DA.11.1mmol/L(200mg/dl)B.7.0mmol/L(126mg/dl)C.,75g211.1mmol/L(200mg/dl)D.,50g211.1mmol/L(200mg/dl)426BA.2-8B.25--30)C..25--30)4D..27A.1h38AB.2h38C.1h38D.2h3828AA.B.C.D.29AA.B.C.D.30BA.1B.2C.3D.431BA.50mlB.100mlC.200mlD.500ml32DA.B.C.D.34CA.B.()C.1:4D.1520cm35BA.5B.C.D.36CA.3-5L/min6hB.3-5L/min12hC.1-2L/min15hD.1-2L/min8h37BA.1-2hB.1-2hC.0.5hD.0.5h38CA.30B.30C.lD.l39DA....B....C....D....40AA.B.C.D.41BA.,,,B.C.D.42603CA.0B.1C.26D.3433HDA.1B.2C.3D.444DA...B.C.D.45DA.;;;B.;;;C.;;;D.;;;46BA.B.C.D.47CA.500mlB.800mlC.1000mlD.1200ml48AA....B....C....D....49AA.24h400mlB.24h100mlC.10mlD.12h50BA.1-2mmB.2-5mmC.5-8mmD.8-10mm51BA.B.7C.D.52BA.500mlB.1000mlC.1500mlD.2000ml53CA.B.C.MD.54..CA.50---70mlB.250--300mlC.400---500mlD.1000ml55CA..B....C..D.56BA..24h()B.C.D.573L/minCA.28%B.30%C.33%D.40%58AA.1/32/3B.68L/minC.D.59AA.B.8C.D.60hiBA.B.2hC.D.61DA.B.C.D.62(FRCP)DA.B.C.D.63BA.B.C.D.64CA.B.C.D.65AA.20mmol/LB.30mmol/LC.40mmol/LD.50mmol/L66CA.B..C.D.67CA.B.C.30ml/hD.68BA.59B.2C.3D.469BA.2~3B.3~5C.5~7D.7~1070DA.1963HinmanB.1962PasteurC.1958OdlandD.1962Winter71BA.B.C.D.72DA.B.C.D.73BA.B..C.D..74ReynoldsDA.B.C.D..75CA.10~15cmB.24500C.D.76BA.B.C.D.77C10A.B.C.D.78CA.B.C.D.79BA..3~4B.5~6C.D...80DA.7~8B.4~6C.3~5D.5~1081BA.B.C.D.82DA.B.C.D.83BA.B.C.D.84BA.B.C.D.85CA.B.C.D.1186CA.B.C.D.87BA.B.C.D.X.88AA.5~7B.2~3C.D.89CA.B.C.D.90CA.B.C.D.91CA.100~160/B.120~140/C.120~160/D.100~140/92CA.B.C.D.93BA.B.C.D.94BA.2hB.30minC.1h12D.15min95DA.42B.3742C.3642D.283796CA...B.C.0.1%2D.97.DA.HCGB.BC.D.98CA.DICB.C.D.99CA.B.C.10%D.100CA.B..C.D.101CA.2~4L/min50%B.6~8L/min75%C.6~8L/min50%D.4~6L/min75%102CA.B.C.D.103BA.500mlB.24h500ml13C.24h500mlD.500ml104CA.B.C.D.105XQ/YZX.QDA.B.C.D.106DA.B.C.D.107CA.4%B.1:5000C.0.1%D.0.02%108BA.30CB.40CC.50CD.60C109BA.B.C.D.110DA.B.C.D.111BA.B.C.D.112DA.14B.C.D.113CA.1B.2C.3D.6114DA.B.C.D.115BA.B.C.D.116.CA.3~5B.5~7C.7~10D.10~14117.DA.3~5B.5~7C.7~10D.10~14118CA.21/2B.21/2C.31/3D.31/3119DA.B.3~5min3C.8~10hD.6~8h120,CA.4hB..C.3000mlD..15121CA.B.C.D......122BA..7-10B.7-10C..D..123DA.B.C.D.1243.:AA.B.C..D..125BA.B.C.D.126BA.B.37C.40D.42127AA.B.C.D.128BA.30B.c.D.129DA.16B.C.D.130(),DA.:62B.:,C..:.D.131CA.B...C.D.8---12h132AA.B.C.D.12133,CA.B.C.D.134,:AA.B.C.D..135AA.B.C.:5ml/kgD.1363:AA.:B.:C.:.D.:.1373DA.17B.C.D..138:CA.():B.();4C.D.():139,:CA.ICU12B.C.D.140,DA.P,P.B.QRSC.STD.141,AA.B.C.D.142,BA.B.4---6cmC.D.143DA.B.C..)D.144,BA....B.:300---400mmHgC.D.145BA.18B.15---2030C.D.;.146:BA.B.C.D.147BA..B.C.D..148,:DA.B.C.D...149DA.B.C.D.15--20cmH2O150(VAP)AA.(VAP)24hB..C.D.3045151(VAP)BA.B.C...D.H2.152,DDA.:B.:C.:..D.:153CPRBA.B.19C.D..154AA.I():B.II():IAC.III():D.155DA.B.C...D..156:DA...B..C.D.157:AA.B.C.D.X158BA.....B.:PaCO250mmHgC...D.159BA.B.C.D.160AA.PaO250mmHgB.C.PEEPD.161DA....B...C....20D.162DA.B.C.D.163DA.B..C..D..164:DA.:.....B.:DC.:....D.165:CA.B.2%5m1+5mg+10ml()C.6~12hD..166DA.B..C.;D.75%167PICCBA.:....TPNB.C.10U/mlD.:PICC.168PICCAA..B.C.....D.169AA.21B.C.D...170,DA.B.2--3C.;D.11171DA.0:B.I:C.II:D.III:..172DA.I.B.IIC.IID..173C.CA.B.C.D..174BA..B.C.D.17527B2012612DA.201315B.2013119C.201335D.2013319176CA.12B.23C.35D.56177BA.2ml/kg22B.5ml/kgC.10ml/kgD.15ml/kg