高二英语必修5语法复习过去分词做状语同步练习人教版

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一.过去分词作状语的基本用法:过去分词作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件;表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。过去分词可置于主句前,也可置于主句后,用逗号与主句隔开。1.原因状语Chokedbytheheavysmoke,hecouldhardlybreathe.他被浓烟呛了,几乎不能呼吸了。Caughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了。Frightenedbythenoiseinthenight,thegirldidn’tdaretosleepinherroom.受到夜晚响声的惊吓,那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间。2.时间状语Lefttoitselfintheroom,thebabybegantocry.当被孤独地留在房间里时,婴儿哭了起来。Askedwhyhedidit,themonitorsaiditwashisduty.当被问及这件事时,班长说这是他的职责。Approachedinthedark,thelightslookedlonelyandpurposeless.在黑暗中走近时。那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。3.条件状语Seeninthisaspect,thematterisn’tasseriousaspeoplegenerallysuppose.如果从这个角度看,问题并不像人们一般预料的那样`严重。Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。Givenbetterattention,theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.要是多加注意,那次事故就能避免了。Wateredmore,thesecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.如果多浇点水,这些大白菜还可以长的得更好。Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo.和你相比,我们还有很大的差距。4.方式或伴随状语Surroundedbyhisstudents,theprofessorsattherecheerfully.那位教授在学生的簇拥下,兴高采烈地坐在那儿。Hestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶。Theoldmanwentintotheroom,supportedbyhiswife.那位老人在妻子的搀扶下,走进了房间。5.让步状语Beatenbythepoliceandsenttojail,Gandicreatedtheprincipleofnonviolentresistance.尽管受警察的殴打,被投入监狱,甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。Defeatedagain,hedidn’tloseheart.尽管再次被击败,但他没有灰心。Waitedbyothersforoverhalfanhour,hedidn’tturnupatthemeeting.尽管别人等了他半个多小时,他还是没有到会。6.独立成份(插入语)Givengoodweather,ourshipwillreachShanghaionMondayevening.假如天气好,我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。I’dcomeandseeyouinNewYork,giventhechance.如果有机会,我就到纽约来看你。Generallyspeaking,peopleallbelievewhathehassaid.一般说来,人们都相信他所说的。二.现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别1.逻辑关系现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语的最主要区别在于:两者与所修饰的主句的主语的逻辑关系的区别。1)现在分词作状语时,现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。Hewentout,shuttingthedoorbehindhim.他出去后将门随手关上。Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.由于不知如何办是好,他去找父母帮忙。2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。Givenmoreencouragement,theboycouldhavebehavedbetter.如果多给这个孩子一些鼓励,他本来会表现得更好。Facedwithdifficulties,wemusttrytoovercomethem.在遇到困难时,我们必须设法克服。3)部分过去分词来源于系表结构,作状语时不表示“被动关系”,其前不用being。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lostin(陷入某种状态)、seated(坐着的)、hidden(躲着)、stationed(驻扎)、lost/absorbed(沉溺于)、bornin(出身于)、dressedin(穿着)、tiredof(厌烦了)等。Lost/Absorbedindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.因为沉溺于思考中,所以他没有听到那个声音。Borninthisbeautifultown,hehatestoleaveit.出生于这个美丽的小镇,他不愿离开它。2.时间概念过去分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前,或表示“一种状态”,与谓语动作同时发生或存在。现在分词的一般式(doing)表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或在说话时正在进行;现在分词的完成式(havingdone)表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“主动”动作;现在分词的完成式的被动式(havingbeendone)常和表示次数的短语及时间段(for+一段时间)连用,表示发生在谓语动作之前的一个“被动动作”,这种情况下不能用过去分词替换,其它情况下通常被过去分词所替换,使句式更简洁。Writteninahurry,thisarticlewasnotsogood.因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。Readingcarefully,hefoundsomethinghehadn’tknownbefore.他仔细读书时,发现了一些从前不知道的东西。Havingfinishedhishomework,hewenthome.完成了作业,他就回家了。Havingbeendiscussedseveraltimes,thedecisionwasfinallymade.进行了几次讨论后,终于做出了决定。小练习:用所给动词的正确形式填空1.____(dress)inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.2.____(put)intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdown.3.____(attract)bythebeautyofnature,thegirldecidedtospendanothertwoweeksonthefarm.4.____(look)outofthewindow,Isawsomechildrenplayinghide-and-seek.5.Hewenttobed_____(drink),andwhenhewokeup,hefoundhestillhadhisshoeson.6.Hehadanaccident_____(drive)toworkyesterday.Keys:1.Dressed2.Put3.Attracted4.Looking5.drunk6.driving1、(2006年陕西17)Facedwithabillfor$10,000,___________.A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenjohnanextrajobC.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn2、(2006年四川33)____________withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface3、(2006年福建33)______forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.A.BlamingB.BlamedC.ToblameD.Tobeblamed4、(2006年广东29)Nomatterhowfrequently_____,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.A.performedB.performingC.tobeperformedD.beingperformed5、(2005年上海33)___intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.A.PutB.PuttingC.HavingputD.Beingput6、(2005年湖南22)____inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressD.DressingD.Havingdressed7.Ifheated,_______.A.peoplecanturnwaterintogasB.onecanchangeiceintowaterC.iceturnsintowaterD.peoplegetwaterfromice答案:1.A2.A3.B4.A5.A6.A7.CUnit3一.单项选择:1.____wrongwiththeengine,hestoppedhiscar.A.FeelingsomethinggoB.FeelingsomethingtogoC.TofeelsomethinggoneD.Havingfeltsomethinggone2.____myparents’letter,Idecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceiveB.NottoreceiveC.NotreceivedD.Nothavingreceived3.Thenewmachine,if___properly,willworkforatleasttenyears.A.useB.usingC.beingusedD.used4.____,theyoungmanishealthyandstrong.A.FullydevelopedB.FullydevelopingC.HavingfullydevelopedD.Tobefullydeveloped5.___tomakeaspeech,hesaidhewouldbeverygladto.A.WhenaskedB.WhenaskingC.TobeaskedD.Whenhewasasking6.When___,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.A.CompletedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted二.完型填空NormanCousinswasabusinessmanfromtheUnitedStateswhooftentraveledaroundtheworldonbusiness.Heenjoyedhis___1__andtraveling.ThenafterreturningtotheUnitedStatesfroma__2__triptoRussia.Mr.Cousinsgotsick.Becausehehadpushedhisbodytothe__3__ofitsstrengthonthetrip,achangebegantota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