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UnitOneWordFormation(Derivation派生词)1．常用前缀anti-(antipollution)auto-(automobile)co-(cooperate)dis-(dishonest)en-(enjoy)in-(incorrect)il-(illegal)im-(impossible)ir-(irregular)inter-(international)mis-(misunderstand)multi-(multinational)non-(nonsmoker)out-(outnumber数量上超过)over-(overwork)post-(postwar)pre-(preview)/re-(review)aero-(aeroplane)sub-(subconscious)super-(superstar)tele-(telephone)un-(unlock)de-(decrease)/in-(increase)mini-(miniskirt)semi-(semicircle)self-(self-control,self-tauht)kilo-(kilometre)2.常用后缀-ability(capability)-ibility(possibility)-al(nationala./arrivaln.)-an(Eropean)-ian(musician)-arian(vegetarian)-ee(employee)/-er(employer)-or(actor)/-ss(actress)-ar(scholar)-hood(neighborhood)-ist(artist)-ese(Chinese)-ness(kindness)-y(difficultyn./noisya.)-ty(safety)-ity(activity)-th(wealth)-ence(different—difference)-ance(ignorant—ignorance)-dom(freedom)-ation(invite—invitation)-tion(pollution)-sion(discussion)-ing(swimming)-ure(failure)-ment(development)-age(marry—marriage)-ship(friendship,kingship)-ism(socialism)-ful(useful)-ive(act—active)-ous(poisonous)-ly(friendly，quickly)-some(troublesome)-en(woodena./sharpenv.)-able(believable)-ible(responsible)-ize(modernize)-ward(backwardad.)-ify(beautify)UnitTwoWordFormation(Conversion&Compounding)1．Conversion（1）v./n.try,visit,work,search,guess,request,demand,change,swim,look,wash,seat,interest,aim,shout,kick,cry,desire,doubt,loveetc.（2）a./ad.long,back,straight（3）a./n.wrong,good,right2．Compounding（1）homework,sunrise,headache,background,downtown,someone,nothing（2）guide-book,warm-hearted,well-known,good-looking,air-conditioned,left-handed（3）folksong,waterpipe,diningroom,postofficeUnitThreeTheStructureforEmphasisTheEmphatic–ItIt+be+被强调成份+that/who…Eg:1.BobwenttothetheatrewithJanelastSunday.－ItwasBobthat/whowenttothetheatrewithJanelastSunday.－ItwaswithJanethatBobwenttothetheatrelastSunday.－ItwastothetheatrethatBobwentwithJanelastSunday.－ItwaslastSundaythatBobwenttothetheatrewithJane.难点一：1.Imethimlasynight.－Itwaslastnightthat(不用when)Imethim.2.ImethiminShanghai.－ItwasinShanghaithat(不用where)Imethim.3.IknewhinonlywhenIreadhisbook.－ItwasonlywhenIreadhisbookthatIknewhim.4.Ididn’trealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasteduntilIbegantowork.－ItwasnotuntilIbegantoworkthatIrealizedhowmuchtimeIhadwasted.5.Wedidn’tgotoHangzhoubecausetheweatherwasbad.－Itwasbecausetheweatherwasbadthatwedidn’tgotoHangzhou.6Whatcausedtheforestfire?－Whatwasitthatcausedtheforestfire?7.Wheredidhefindthekey?－Wherewasitthathefoundthekey?8.Whendidyougetthepicture?－Whenwasitthatyougotthepicture?难点二：1.IknewhimonlywhenIreadhisbook.－ItwasonlywhenIreadhisbookthatIknewhim.＝OnlywhenIreadhisbookdidIknowhim.Eg:1)OnlywhenIworkedasaninterpreterdidIrealizehowimportantitwastopractisespeakingEnglish.2)OnlytodaydidIlearnthedreadfulnews.Ididn’tgohomeuntilteno’clock.2.Ididn’trealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasteduntilIbegantowork.－ItwasnotuntilIbegantoworkthatIrealizedhowmuchtimeIhadwasted.=NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.UnitFourTheStructureforEmphasisTheAuxiliaryVerb–DOdo(does,did)+动词原型1.Hedoesstudyhard.2.Wedidfindthatthereportwasnottrue.3.Dobecarefulwiththespellingwhenyouwrite.UnitFiveAndSixTheInversion1．全部倒装，又称主谓倒装全部倒装指：倒装时谓语动词通常不带助动词或情态动词，谓语动词直接移至主语前。1）地点时间副词here,there,now,then等引导的句子。Eg：(1)Herecomesthebus.(2)Theregoesthebell.(3)Nowcomesyourturn.(4)Thedelegateshadjusttakentheirseats,thencamethechairman.但如上，主语是人称代词时不能将动词前移。Eg：Hereisthebook.—Hereitis.2)位移副词away,down,in,out,up,off等状语放在句首的句子。Eg:(1)Thedooropened.Inrushedthecrowded.(2)Upandupwenttheprices.(3)Downfelltherain.但如上，主语是人称代词时，不能将动词前移。如：Awaygothechildren.—Awaytheygo.3)句子无宾语而主语又较长，须将状语（多为短语）放在句首的句子。Eg:(1)Throughthewindowcameingentlebreeze.(2)Onthetopofthehillstandsatemple.4)表语位于句首的句子。Eg:(1)AttheheadwasDr.Bethune,followedbyadonkeyloadedwithmedicalsupplies.(2)BestofallwastheChristmaspudding.(3)Suchwouldbeourlifeinthefuture.(4)Nearbyweretwocanoes,inwhichthesavageshadcometotheisland.5)表示祝愿的句子Eg:LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!6）句首为动词-ing或-ed分词，和be连用的句子。（相当于4）表语位于句首）Eg:Sittingroundherwereherchildren.Buriedinthesandswasanancientvillage.2.部分倒装，又称助动词或情态动词倒装部分倒装指：倒装时谓语动词不提前，通常是助动词或情态动词移至主语前。1)以neither,nor,nomore,so开始的词，表示同样情形。Eg:(1)----Idon’tcaremuchforsweets.----NeitherdoI.(2)Ienjoyedtheplayandsodidmyfriends.(3)Ifyoudon’tgowithhim,neitherwillI(4)Heisnotasportsmanandhedoesn’tlikesports.Soitiswithme注意：下面以so开始的简短反应，表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定，不必倒装。Eg:(1)----It’scoldtoday.----Soitis.（的确如此）(2)----YouhaveacolourTVset.----SoIhave.（的确如此）2）以频度副词开头引出的倒装以always,usually,often,nowandthen,everyday,once,manyatime(许多次),everyotherday,onceaweek等频度副词位于句首，且表示强调时，用部分倒装。如：Oftendidwewarnhimnottodoso.我曾常常警告他不要那样做。3)句首为否定词时（三类）。（1）一般否定词放句首时：never,seldom,hardly,little,few,rarely等Eg:①NeverhaveIseensuchafoolishman.LittlehaveIthoughtofit,forithappenedlongtimeago.②Seldomdoeshecomelatetotheoffice.（2）具否定意义的词组放句首时：atnotime,bynomeans,in/undernocircumstances(在任何情况下都不)，innoway,onnoaccount(决不，且莫)，notoften,neverbefore,notuntil,notonce,notonlyEg:①Bynomeansarethegoodssatisfactory.Weneedmore.②Atnotimeshoul